View clinical trials related to Substance-Related Disorders.
Filter by:Despite recent advances in substance abuse interventions, a large percentage of clients entering residential treatment for substance use will drop out of treatment prematurely, and of the remaining, many will relapse soon after treatment completion. Previous research indicates that an individual's ability to withstand psychological distress is a key factor necessary to maintain drug and alcohol abstinence and to remain in substance use treatment without absconding. In previous work, Dr. Bornovalova developed a specific distress tolerance treatment called Skills for Improving Distress Intolerance (SIDI). This intervention features skills training in behavioral and acceptance strategies and intentional clinical exposure to emotional distress. SIDI was developed and piloted with a sample of urban drug users seeking treatment in a residential facility. Individuals receiving SIDI exhibited greater improvement in distress tolerance than those in two comparison groups (receiving treatment-as-usual and supportive counseling). Current study. The investigators received NIDA funding to conduct a randomized clinical trial with 325 clients entering a residential substance use treatment facility. Study participants will be randomized into two treatment groups: (1) those receiving SIDI and (2) those receiving Supportive Counseling (SC). Participants will receive 10 treatment sessions over a period of 4 months. Then, the investigators will follow clients for one year to examine treatment retention and abstinence.
The influence of genes on addictive and neuropsychiatric disorders is complex, especially given that multiple genes likely influence certain behaviors that are correlated with addiction. Researchers are interested in looking at the genetic information of individuals who are enrolled on National Institute for Drug Abuse studies to investigate specific genetic variants that may be related to substance abuse. Researchers will study the effects of genes on several aspects of thinking such as attention, memory, decision making, problem solving, learning, and emotional feelings, and investigate the ways in which genetic information affects addictive behaviors and substance abuse. In addition, researchers will study how genes may explain differences in imaging data in substance users. Objectives: - To collect genetic information for research on genetic aspects of addiction and substance abuse. Eligibility: - Adults age 18 or older - (1) healthy, non-drug-using nonsmokers, - (2) healthy smokers, - (3) healthy individuals dependent on other commonly abused drugs, and - (4) individuals with other psychiatric disorders. - Participants must be enrolled in another National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program imaging protocol. Design: - This study involves one to two visits to National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program that may be separate from the participant's current research protocol study visits or on the same day as those visits. - Participants will provide a blood sample and complete questionnaires about mood, memory, and learning. - Participants may also be asked to do a few tasks, such as playing computer games involving coin tosses and money management, or responding to questions on a computer screen.
Background: - Drugs of abuse have effects on mood, behavior, thinking, and decision making that may encourage people to continue using them and make it difficult for them to stop. Researchers who study these effects are interested in developing new tests to evaluate how drugs and drug use affect different areas of the brain. - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans allow researchers to study brain activity and changes to brain function. When specific psychological tests are performed during functional MRI (fMRI) scans, researchers can examine the effects of drug use on the brain. By developing and testing new procedures for fMRI studies, more information can be obtained on brain function and activity in drug-using and non-drug-using individuals, and this information can help develop new treatments and therapies for substance abuse. Objectives: - To evaluate the effects of newly developed psychological procedures to be performed during fMRI scans. Eligibility: - Healthy volunteers between 13 and 65 years of age who are willing to undergo MRI scanning. - Both drug-using and non-drug-using individuals will be selected for this study. Design: - Before the start of the study, participants will complete questionnaires about medical and psychological history, and provide information about past or current drug use. Researchers will introduce the tasks to be performed during the scanning session(s), and will allow participants to practice the test either on a separate computer or on the computer used during the MRI scan. - During the study, participants will be asked to do one or more tasks selected by the researchers. The tasks will be performed on a computer in an MRI machine, and may involve receiving rewards (such as money or sips of juice) for actions, memory and reaction-time tests, or other tests that involve responding to instructions on the screen. - Participants will receive compensation for their participation in the study, including hourly compensation for individual visits and lump-sum compensation for each MRI scan....
Background: - Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have allowed researchers to map and study how the brain works when at rest and when engaged in specific tasks. MRI scans have provided more information about how drugs affect the brain, and about how drug addiction changes the brain and influences behavior, mood, and thinking processes. To better understand the underlying mechanism of drug addiction and to develop strategies for more effective treatment, researchers are interested in developing new MRI techniques to study the effects of addiction on the brain. Objectives: - To develop new functional and structural MRI techniques, and to evaluate their potential use in brain imaging studies related to addiction. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 80 years of age. - Participants may be smokers or nonsmokers, and may use drugs or not use drugs. Design: - During the initial screening, participants will complete questionnaires about family and personal history, drug use, and other information as required by the researchers. Participants who will be asked to complete tasks during the MRI scan will be shown how to perform these tasks before the scanning session. - Before each study session, participants may be asked to complete some or all of the following: questions about their drug use during the last week, a breathalyzer test, a urine drug-use assessment, a urine pregnancy test, or a measure of carbon monoxide. Participants will also provide blood samples before the start of the scan. - For each scanning session, participants will have an MRI scan that will last approximately 2 hours. - MRI scans may include specific tasks to be performed during the scan, or an experiment that studies the brain's response to carbon dioxide.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether motorcycle drivers with ADHD are at a greater risk for motorcycle accidents, and whether this risk can be mitigated by treatment with methylphenidate. We will evaluate the effectiveness of Methylphenidate on driving performance, among motorcycle drivers, and investigate the correlation between improvement of ADHD symptoms (inattention and impulsivity) and driving performance.
The purpose of this study is to determine to what extent CYP2B6, CYP3A4, and MDR1 polymorphisms affect the metabolism of methadone.
The overarching goal of this project is to have a consolidated consent and evaluation procedure that will lead potential subjects to the most appropriate clinical trial or human laboratory study (and its consent process) for their presenting concerns or interests. A second purpose is to have a consolidated intake data base on which secondary analyses can be conducted.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Dual Focus Schema Therapy in comparison to Individual Drug Counseling as 6-month manualized individual behavioral therapy enhancements to the orientation/early treatment process of Therapeutic Community (TC) residents.