View clinical trials related to Smoking.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the use of a chlorhexidine based oral antiseptic will improve clinical results of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in smokers with periodontitis. A randomized controlled clinical trial will be carried out on 60 subjects with periodontitis- 30 smokers and 30 non-smokers. All subjects will be clinically examined. The following periodontal indices will be measured: Full mouth plaque score (FMPS), Full mouth bleeding score (FMBS), Pocket probing depth (PPD), Clinical attachment level (CAL), Gingival recession (GR) and Tooth mobility (TM). All subjects will have NSPT carried out. Half of the subjects in each group will use a 0.12% chlorhexidine based mouth rinse twice a day during 15 days. Clinical examination will be repeated 8 weeks after NSPT and compared.
This will be a single-center, single-blind, four-cohort, 22-day ambulatory study during which up to 24 healthy adult subjects [6 smokers (SMK), 6 moist snuff consumers (MSC), 6 vapers (VAP), and 6 non-tobacco consumers (NTC)] will complete 3 measurements of lung permeability. Nasal epithelial cells, sputum, and blood samples will also be collected for current and future biomarker research.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology. Although periodontal disease is initiated by pathogens within the biofilm layer, disease development and tissue destruction occur as a result of the interaction of periodontal pathogens and the host immune response. It has been determined in the literature that smoking has a significant negative effect on periodontal tissues and increases the risk of periodontitis by 2-5 times. It has been shown that there is a relationship between smoking and the incidence and progression of periodontitis. However, the mechanisms by which this occurs have not been explained. In this study, the effect of smoking on the levels of sclerostin (SOST), tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG), which are effective in bone metabolism, in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva will be evaluated. Participants in the study were in accordance with the 2017 World Workshop on Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions criteria as a result of clinical evaluations systemically healthy, non-smokers diagnosed with stage 2, 3 and/or 4 periodontitis (Group 1) (n=26); systemically healthy, diagnosed with stage 2, 3 and/or 4 periodontitis and smokers (Group 2) (n=26); systemically and periodontally healthy, non-smokers (Group 3-Control Group) (n=26). Clinical periodontal indixes will be obtained from participants meeting the inclusion criteria; GCF and saliva samples will be collected. The samples will be examined by ELISA test at Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology.
The leading cause of disease burden across the globe is cardiovascular disease (CVD). Important modifiable behavioral CVD risk factors include, amongst others, smoking and low physical activity (PA). Individuals with a low socioeconomic position (SEP) often have a less favorable profile of risk factors, resulting in a higher disease burden and premature death. There is a need for cost-effective multi-behavior interventions that target one or more risk factors. eHealth applications are increasingly being used to offer behavior change interventions. Potential benefits include accessibility, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and increased disease self-management. However, eHealth interventions are often static and thereby less effective, and also frequently developed without (sufficiently) engaging end-users. Involving end-users, including those from lower SEP groups, and other relevant stakeholders can help to optimize the adoption and adherence to the eHealth intervention and result in the maintenance of healthy behavior. The Perfect Fit intervention is the result of interdisciplinary collaboration, and the personalized eHealth intervention supports adult smokers to stop smoking and increase their PA using a virtual coach. We primarily aim to examine the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of the Perfect Fit intervention. A mixed-method single-arm pre-post intervention study will be used. The intervention, delivered through a virtual coach, has a personalized duration and intensity, but will last on average 16 weeks.
The overall goal of the study is to assess the efficacy of using cue exposure delivered via a smartphone application as an adjunct to Tobacco Quitline treatment to improve smoking abstinence.
The study will recruit an anticipated 256 adults who currently smoke cigarettes and report a willingness to try switching to alternative, non-combustible products. Participants will be randomized to receive either e-cigarettes or nicotine pouches for a duration of 4 weeks and to 1 of 4 possible regulatory scenarios within products where flavor availability is either menthol and tobacco/unflavored available or tobacco/unflavored only available, and nicotine concentration is either higher (5% e-cig, 6mg pouch) or lower (2.4% e-cig, 3mg pouch). Participants will return for bi-weekly research visits (in person or remote videocall) to complete measures for study aims. Participants will complete a final follow-up at Week 6 to assess maintenance of cigarette reduction and willingness to continue using products once they are no longer provided. The investigators expect to observe which products and constituents lead to greater smoking reduction.
To evaluate the effectiveness of LDCT screening in detecting early-stage lung cancers among smokers who do not have symptoms of lung disease.
This multicenter clustered randomized prospective study will be managed by the American College of Radiology Center for Research and Innovation (ACR CRI). The research team aims to test the efficacy of a patient-centered educational intervention based on coronary artery calcification (CAC) information in cardiovascular risk factor modification of a cohort of patients enrolled in lung cancer screening (LCS) programs across the country.
Lower attainment of cardiovascular health (CVH), indicated by the American Heart Association's Life's Simple 7 (LS7; physical activity, diet, cholesterol, blood pressure, body mass index, smoking, glycemia) and Life's Essential 8 (LE8; LS7+sleep) metrics, is a major contributor to Black men having the shortest life-expectancy of any non-indigenous race/sex group. Unfortunately, a paucity of literature exists on interventions aimed at improving CVH among Black men. The team of clinician scientists and community partners co-developed a community-based lifestyle intervention titled Black Impact: a 24-week intervention for Black men with less-than-ideal CVH (<4 LS7 metrics in the ideal range) with 45 minutes of weekly physical activity, 45 minutes of weekly health education, and engagement with a health coach, group fitness trainer, and community health worker. Single-arm pilot testing of the intervention (n=74) revealed high feasibility, acceptability, and retention and a 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.40, 1.46, p<0.001) point increase in LS7 score at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes included improvements in psychosocial stress (i.e., perceived stress, depressive symptoms), patient activation, and social needs. Thus, robustly powered clinical trials are needed to determine the efficacy of Black Impact and to evaluate the underlying interpersonal and molecular pathways by which Black Impact improves psychosocial stress and CVH. Thus, the investigators propose a randomized, wait-list controlled trial of Black Impact. This novel, community-based intervention to provide a scalable model to improve CVH and psychosocial stress at the population level and evaluate the biological underpinnings by which the intervention mitigates cardiovascular disease risk. The proposed study aligns with American Heart Association's commitment to addressing CVH equity through innovative, multi-modal solutions.
The purpose of this research study is to 1) see if a smoking cessation program is something that caregivers will use while their child is hospitalized, 2) see if caregivers think this program is something we should institute across the hospital, and 3) see if this program can help caregivers reduce their smoking. Participants will: - Complete a survey regarding smoking behavior and thoughts about quitting; - Undergo a 20-minute counseling session; and, - Use nicotine patches and mini-lozenges for 2 weeks