Schizophrenia Clinical Trial
Official title:
The Effects of D-cycloserine on Neuroplasticity and Working Memory in Healthy Adults and Patients With Schizophrenia
Impairments in plasticity and working memory in schizophrenia have been hypothesized to reflect dysfunction at the N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR). However, the specific mechanisms through which the NMDAR is involved in working memory versus plasticity differ. Towards gaining a deeper understanding of how NMDAR signaling relates to individual cognitive functions in healthy adults and patients with schizophrenia, the investigators used a single dose of d-cycloserine (DCS) as an experimental probe to examine the effects of enhancing NMDAR signaling on plasticity versus working memory in healthy adults and individuals with schizophrenia.
Status | Completed |
Enrollment | 110 |
Est. completion date | December 2015 |
Est. primary completion date | July 2015 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | Both |
Age group | 18 Years to 50 Years |
Eligibility |
Inclusion criteria for healthy subjects: 1. between the ages of 18 and 30 years 2. comfortable reading in English 3. normal visual acuity or corrected vision 4. normal or corrected hearing. Exclusion criteria for healthy subjects: 1. history or seizures or neurologic diseases 2. currently prescribed medication for any psychiatric conditions 3. any medical condition affecting fine motor movement of the hands 4. pregnancy or suspected pregnancy 5. use of recreational drugs or drugs taken not as prescribed in the past month 6. having a full scale intelligence quotient (IQ) < 70, as assessed by the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) 7. having consumed alcohol in the 24 hours prior to the first lab visit 8. known allergy to any antibiotics. Inclusion criteria for patients with schizophrenia: 1. between the ages of 18 and 50 years 2. comfortable reading in English 3. normal visual acuity or corrected vision 4. normal or corrected hearing 5. meets criteria for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition (DSM-IV) diagnosis of schizophrenia. Exclusion criteria for patients with schizophrenia: 1. history or seizures or neurologic diseases 2. currently prescribed Clozapine or medications contraindicated for DCS 3. any medical condition affecting fine motor movement of the hands 4. pregnancy or suspected pregnancy 5. history of traumatic brain injury requiring hospitalization for 2 or more days 6. IQ < 70, as assessed by the WASI 7. having consumed drugs other than as prescribed in the 48 hour prior to the testing visit or having consumed alcohol in the 24 hours prior to the testing visit 8. known allergy to any antibiotics 9. current alcohol or substance dependence |
Allocation: Randomized, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Basic Science
Country | Name | City | State |
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n/a |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
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University of California, Los Angeles |
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Performance on Information Integration Learning Task | Percent Correct Responses out of 240 trials (for schizophrenia patients) or 320 trials (for healthy adults) on the Information Integration Learning Task, which is a classification learning task in which participants learn to classify visual stimuli as category A or B following practice with stimuli and auditory feedback indicating correct versus incorrect responses. | Testing Day (i.e. approx 3-5 hrs following placebo or D-cycloserine administration) | No |
Primary | Performance on Weather Prediction Learning Task | Percent Correct Responses out of 240 trials (for schizophrenia patients) or 320 trials (for healthy adults) on the Weather Prediction Learning Task, which is a probabilistic classification learning task in which participants learn to predict the weather (i.e. "sun" or "rain" outcomes) based on combinations of cues that predict "sun" versus "rain" outcomes. | Testing Day (i.e. approx 3-5 hrs following placebo or D-cycloserine administration) | No |
Primary | Performance on N-Back Working Memory Task | Percent Correct Responses out of 240 trials (for schizophrenia patients) or 320 trials (for healthy adults) on the N-Back Task, which is a spatial working memory task in which participants identify whether each new stimulus on the computer screen is in the same location as the stimulus shown in trials ago. Patients with schizophrenia completed 80 trials at each of 3 working memory loads (0-, 1-, 2-back loads) and healthy adults completed 80 trials at each of 4 working memory loads (0-, 1-, 2-, 3-back loads). | Testing Day (i.e. approx 3-5 hrs following placebo or D-cycloserine administration) | No |
Primary | Change in Visual Evoked Potential Amplitude using Electroencephalograph (EEG) | EEG data were recorded using a 128 channel cap while participants viewed a black and white checkerboard stimulus on a computer screen in 6 x 2-minute blocks before and after viewing a quickly flashing checkerboard stimulus for 2 minutes. Change in the mean amplitude of the visual evoked potential from before versus after viewing the quickly flashing checkerboard stimulus was used to assess plasticity. | Testing Day (i.e. approx 3-5 hrs following placebo or D-cycloserine administration) | No |
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