View clinical trials related to Sarcopenic Obesity.
Filter by:This is a cohort study to understand the role of the human metagenome, and associated metabolites, in health and in various diseased states, in particular obesity as well as sarcopenia. Recruited participants will have their fecal, salivary, urine, serum, and in certain instances, mucosal samples taken, for metagenomic sequencing and metabolite testing. We hope to uncover various differences and signatures in the metagenome and metabolome in various diseased states, with potential future therapeutic applications in personalised medicine.
Ageing is characterised by a change in body composition with a parallel decrease in muscle mass and an increase and central redistribution of fat. When drastically exacerbated, these two processes culminate in a condition known as sarcopenic obesity (SO). SO is characterised by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia (i.e. reduced muscle mass and function) and is a growing public health problem in the elderly. The health risks of obesity and sarcopenia act synergistically, maximising the risk of disability of OS. The molecular mechanisms underlying OS are largely unknown. Increased fat mass induces chronic systemic inflammation and alters the profiles of adipokines and hormones, promoting the development of sarcopenia. On the other hand, the reduction in muscle tissue (SM) typical of sarcopenia is characterised by an alteration in the metabolic properties of skeletal muscle with an increase in insulin resistance and a reduction in energy expenditure that favours the accumulation and dysfunction of adipose tissue (AT). The cellular alterations that would seem to underlie OS are: altered autophagy, cellular senescence, epigenetic and mitochondrial alterations and maladaptive activation of intra- and intercellular inflammatory circuits (e.g. cytokines, extracellular vesicles, dysfunctional circulating leukocytes). However, the interconnections between these mechanisms are still unclear. The impact of OS can be dramatic on the health and quality of life of those affected. Therefore, the identification of early biomarkers that can recognise overweight and obese individuals at risk of developing SO is of paramount importance. This would shed light on the heterogeneity of an otherwise homogeneous clinical condition, opening new horizons towards the conscious design of more personalised therapeutic strategies, allowing a more rational use of the limited resources available for the growing elderly population. The study design designed to achieve this aim is a cross-sectional observational study with an additional multicentre procedure lasting two years.
The coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia results in sarcopenic obesity, a high-risk geriatric condition associated with metabolic perturbations and several co-morbidities. Despite the rising numbers of older adults diagnosed with sarcopenic obesity, few studies have characterized this condition on the muscle cell and systemic level. This study sought to comprehensively assess the influence of sarcopenic obesity on muscle and blood-related parameters and compare it to non-sarocopenic obese and non-sarcopenic lean older adults.
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) has synergistic detrimental effects on elderlies' health. It greatly increases the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases, physical impairment, institutionalization, and mortality when compared with sarcopenia or obesity alone. Effective interventions to simultaneously increase muscle mass and decrease fat mass are challenging but highly warranted. Research showed that exercise tends to produce better outcomes in SO than nutritional interventions. Inconsistent effects of nutritional interventions may be due to a short intervention duration and participants' poor compliance with nutritional advice. Participants' adherence to a dietary regimen is essential to the success of nutritional interventions. Behavior change techniques grounded in a tested effective theoretical model - the Health Action Process Approach [HAPA] model at improving participants' self-efficacy should be incorporated in a diet modification intervention.This project aims to investigate the effects of a HAPA-based individualized dietary behavior change (IDBC) intervention and exercise training, in combination and separately, for elderly with SO, to improve their body composition and physical functions. In this four-armed randomized controlled trial, investigators will recruit and randomize 380 elderly with SO to one of the following four groups: the combined (COMB) group, receiving the 24-week combined intervention consisting of the IDBC program and exercise training, the EXER-only group, receiving only the exercise training, the IDBC-only group, receiving a combination of the IDBC program and health talks, and the control group, receiving only health talks with no other intervention. Investigators will use health talks to control the group and social interaction effects of the group exercise training for the COMB and the EXER-only groups. Investigators hypothesize that participants in the COMB, EXER-only, and IDBC-only groups will have significantly better outcome measures middle of the intervention (T1), immediately (T2), at 3-months (T3), and 6-months (T4) post-intervention than those in the control group when compared to baseline (T0). Investigators will use mixed-effects modeling to compare changes in all outcome variables at the three post-tests among the four groups. If our intervention is effective at mitigating or preventing such occurrences, the impact on public health will be significant. A similar intervention for other populations.
This is a retrospective, observational study in consecutive patients operated on for primary RPS in the Institute of Oncology Ljubljana (Slovenia) between September 1999 and June 2020. This study aims to investigate the impact of preoperatively assessed body composition parameters on the perioperative outcomes of patients operated on for primary RPS. The impact of preoperative malnutrition, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and myosteatosis to the oncologic and postoperative outcome in patients operated on for primary RPS will be examined. Additionally, the aim is to evaluate the prognostic role of preoperative immune and inflammatory markers (serum albumin level, C-reactive protein, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, high-sensitivity modified Glasgow prognostic score) and prognostic nutritional index in primary RPS patients undergoing surgery. Patient outcome will be evaluated in terms of overall survival (OS), local-recurrence free survival (LRFS), postoperative intrahospital length of stay, overall and major postoperative morbidity.
The retrospective cohort study will compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated factors between older patients who have undergone bariatric surgery and older patients with obesity without previous bariatric surgery.
Prospective natural history pilot study to explore the link between muscle composition using an MRI-based Muscle Assessment Score (MAsS) and adverse outcomes in liver transplant candidates.
The study will include 60 patients awaiting bariatric surgery. They will be randomized into 2 groups, experimental and control. The intervention will take place 1 month after surgery, for a total of 16 weeks. Parameters of body composition, metabolic risk, quality of life, physical activity and sedentary behavior will be determined
The prevalence of obesity in cirrhotic patients who are candidates for liver transplantation (LT) is increasing, a phenomenon consistent with the increased prevalence of obesity in the general population. On the other hand, in liver patients on the waiting list for transplantation it is often observed sarcopenia. The combination of the two condition is defined sarcopenic obesity, which combines the negative synergy deriving from the two conditions. In this study the investigators will evaluate, for the first time, the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in subjects undergone LT and determine the possible associated risk factors, particularly the role of immunosuppressive treatment with calcineurin inhibitors in addition to dietary habits and physical activity.
This study aims to investigate if protein supplementation increases the benefits of exercise training in the elderly with sarcopenic obesity undergoing caloric restriction.