View clinical trials related to Respiratory Tract Infections.
Filter by:This study assessed time to recurrence of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa following treatment of the initial infection with tobramycin nebuliser solution. The safety profile of the initial tobramycin treatment was assessed during the first 3 months of the study and patients were followed until the end of the study, month 27.
Vitamin A deficiency is an important health problem globally including Bangladesh. The problem is greater among under-five children, particularly in malnourished. Vitamin A supplementation reduces morbidity from diarrhoeal diseases and also prevents future diarrhoea episodes. However, there are conflicting reports on the role of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity from acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) including pneumonia. In non-malnourished children supplementation has been reported to be associated with increased incidence and morbidity of ALRI. The WHO committee[1] has reviewed both the risk and benefit of mega dose (200,000 IU) vitamin A supplementation during acute illness particularly diarrhoea, irrespective of the nutritional status of under-5 children and recommended vitamin A supplementation in areas where vitamin A status is low. In Bangladesh mega dose (200,000 IU) of vitamin A is routinely supplemented to under-5 children every 6 months. Absorption of vitamin A precursors from the GI tract is reduced in severely malnourished children, who are also lacking in retinol binding protein (RBP), required for transportation of retinol to target tissues. Thus it is established that a significant portion of the supplemented vitamin A is excreted in feces and urine of malnourished children. The excretion of vitamin A increases substantially during acute infections including diarrhoeal diseases. On the other hand, due to reduced RBP, concentration of free vitamin A increases in the body resulting in the possibility of adverse events including "pseudotumor cerebri". It has recently been observed that low-dose daily supplementation of vitamin A to malnourished children produces a better effect on recovery from acute illness and also in preventing infectious diseases among under-five children. However, the limitations of those studies included a small sample size, delayed assessment of retinol after supplementation among the others. Thus WHO felt that the issue needs to be addressed in a well-designed clinical trial. We hope that our proposed study will enable us to compare the efficacy of low-dose daily administration of vitamin A with that of initial mega dose followed by daily low dose of vitamin A in malnourished children presenting with acute diarrhoeal diseases with or without ALRI. If the results of this study indicate that the daily low-dose has similar efficacy to that of the currently recommended mega dose followed by daily low-dose of vitamin A, would have important programmatic implications.
The purpose of this study is to describe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization rates and to begin to address the utilization of outpatient resources for RSV medically-attended lower respiratory tract infections (MALRI) in 32-35 week gestational age (GA) premature infants who are less than 6 months of age and do not receive treatment.
This study will compare the symptom relief provided by 5 cold medicines versus the symptom relief provided by the same 5 cold medicines plus the antibiotic, amoxicillin, in people who have sinus infections. Treatment with amoxicillin may be more effective than treatment with cold medicines alone. Two hundred adult volunteers, aged 18 to 70 years old, with sinus infections will participate in this study for 28 days. Volunteers will receive a 10-day course of either amoxicillin or placebo (substance containing no medication). In addition, all volunteers will receive pain medication, a chest decongestant, nasal decongestants, and cough medicine as needed. Volunteers will be interviewed by telephone on days 0, 3, 7, 10, and 28 following the start of treatment. The study will look at quality of life factors such as change in functional status (ability to perform daily activities) and symptoms, recurrence of the infection, satisfaction with care, and the direct costs of treatment.
Using a theory-based approach, the purpose of this study is to identify modifiable factors underlying professional behaviour in order to identify those processes to target with an implementation intervention and to gain an understanding of how interventions might work and thus be optimised. Our principal objective is to develop interventions to change beliefs that have already been identified as antecedents to antibiotic prescribing for sore throats and then to experimentally evaluate these interventions to identify those which have the largest impact on behavioural intention
Vitamin A deficiency in children is associated with increased mortality and morbidity due to respiratory tract and diarrhoeal infections. Vitamin A supplementation has been shown in some studies to reduce morbidity due to respiratory diseases. However, other studies to reduce could not document such benefit from vitamin A supplementation. The role of vitamin A on immunity in humans is not yet clear due to inconclusive results. To evaluate immune changes and compare those with of a known immunopotent agent like zinc, a randomised double blind study will be carried out in 1-3 year aged children without acute illness and wt/age between 61% and 70% of NCHS standard. Baseline anthropometry and vitamin A status will be determined using MRDR test and immune status will be estimated. Each group consisting of 50 children will either receive vitamin A 200,000 IU over 7 days or 40 m elemental zinc daily for 7 days or both or placebo. After 8 weeks immunity test will be repeated. Immunity tests will include serum 1gA, 1gM, 1gG an lymphocyte simulation and 8 antigen multiple skin test. Undiminished children will be given measles vaccine and serum titre will be measured before and after supplementation. Vitamin A status will be estimated by MRDR test. Vitamin A2 will be given and 1ml blood sample will be collected after 5 hours to see the ratio of vitamin A1 and A2 (<0.06 as cut off) as the modified relative dose response (MRDR test). Doses of vitamin A or zinc will be repeated at the completion of 2 month. The results will be compared between groups and within groups at baseline and after 6 weeks. The study will generate information which will help to examine the immune response of vitamin A therapy in children as an underlying factor for reduction in mortality or morbidity. The study will be completed within a year.
The primary objective of this study is to describe the incidence of RSV-associated LRI among infants <1 year of age presenting to the ED during selected shoulder months.
Clinical research study to test amoxicillin and clavulanate tablet formulation for use in Acute Bacterial Sinusitis (ABS) in adolescent patients weighing at least 40 kilogram (kg) and no more than 16 years old. ABS is an acute bacterial infection of the sinus. The purpose of this study is to find out how children tolerate Augmentin XR and what happens to Augmentin XR in the body after it has been swallowed by children.
The overall objective of GRACE is to combat the resistance of drugs that kill bacteria and other germs (antimicrobial) through integrating centres of research excellence and using the study of the entire DNA in a cell (genomics) to most appropriately investigate and manage community-acquired LRTI. Grace-01 is the first study to be undertaken as part of GRACE and the aims of this study are to describe the presentation, diagnosis, investigation, management and outcomes for people with cough / chest infection in general medical practice in 13 primary care networks in 12 countries in Europe.
The aim of this study is to test if procalcitonin (PCT) guided antibiotic stewardship in patients with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) will be non-inferior, with at worst a 7.5% higher combined failure rate, as compared to standard care practice (current guidelines for LRTI) with reduced total antibiotic (AB) use and hospitalization rate and duration, respectively.