View clinical trials related to Respiratory Tract Infections.
Filter by:This is a nutritional observational trial with two arms: 1) Intervention arm of Probiotic Yoghurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba 2012 and 2) Control arm of milk. About 500 children in each arm will be enrolled. Children will be enrolled in the yoghurt or the milk arm, based on the preference of the school and the parents in response to a sensitization campaign of a non-governmental organization (NGO) in the region. This selection will therefore be non-randomized and non-blinded. Within one school, all children will be enrolled in the same arm. The children will be monitored for 3 weeks in the baseline. Subsequently, the children will consume either 100ml of yoghurt or 100ml of milk, once per day for five days per week for nine weeks, while being continuously monitored. The milk and the yoghurt will be locally sourced in the district where the schools are located.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and antidrug antibody (ADA) response for MEDI8897 in healthy late preterm and term infants who are 35 weeks or greater gestational age and entering their first RSV season.
The goal of this study to evaluate whether eliminating the use of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA) for maintenance of general anesthesia reduces postoperative pulmonary complications in higher risk patients.
Children in resource-limited settings who develop illness at night are often isolated from pre-emergency care, resulting in progression to an emergency because families are forced to wait until morning to seek care. This is especially true in Haiti based on needs assessments (INACT Part 1; INACT1) surrounding access to healthcare. This study (INACT Part 2; INACT2) seeks to improve access to care by establishing a health hotline (healthline) and mobile pharmacy for families with children who become ill at nighttime. The healthline will be staffed by medical professionals and will provide phone based assessment and treatment recommendations based on standard of care practices according to Haitian and WHO guidelines. The healthline will focus on pre-emergency patients (those without danger signs as defined by WHO guidelines). Emergent patients will be advised to bypass the healthline and seek immediate care at the nearest medical facility. In the event that a non-emergent patient requires access to basic medications or fluids and is logistically accessible, the mobile pharmacy service will be offered. The specific aims of the study are as follows: Aim I. Evaluate congruence between healthline assessment over the phone and in-person assessment of participants (patients using the healthline) 10 years of age and younger. The investigators hypothesize that in-person assessments based on WHO guidelines will be discordant with those made by the healthline because the physical aspects of the call-center assessment will be performed by an untrained parent/ guardian. The study focuses on acute diarrheal disease (ADD) and acute respiratory illness (ARI) but is not exclusive to these two chief complaints. Aim II: Identify determinants that correlate with seeking care at a medical facility over the 8-12 day follow up period after the initial call. The findings from this study will determine if a healthline model is a safe and accurate method of providing high quality access to nighttime healthcare, averting the progression of non-emergent cases to emergencies.
The study will explore the impact of a nurse-led bundled antimicrobial stewardship intervention on the appropriateness of antimicrobial use in residential aged care facilities. The intervention will be assessed in a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial across 14 residential aged care facilities over an 18-month period.
Pneumonias and lower respiratory tract infections can have important long-term consequences, particularly in the context of lung transplantation, where pneumonia is a major cause of death. Candidate organs and lung transplant recipients undergo bronchoscopic inspection to assess for lower respiratory tract infection, but traditional culture methods take time, leading to increased risk from inappropriate therapy. The investigators hypothesize that the rapid detection of lower respiratory tract infection, using a semi-quantitative multiplex molecular assay, can decrease the time to appropriate clinical decision making.
The main objective of the trial is to evaluate the effect of point-of-care testing of respiratory pathogens at a pediatric emergency room on the antibiotic consumption and hospital admissions in acutely ill children.
Despite their marginal benefit, about 60% of uncomplicated acute lower respiratory infections (ALRTI) are currently treated with antibiotics. Several strategies have been developed to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescribing, with the use of point-of-care C-reactive protein (CRP) testing and the improvement of the communication skills being the most effective interventions, but most of the studies have been carried out outside Mediterranean countries. This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of a disease-focused intervention (CRP) and an illness-focused intervention (improvement of communication skills to optimise doctor-patient consultations and share-decision making with the aid of patient-centred leaflets) on antibiotic prescribing for patients with ALRTIs in Catalan primary care by means of a cluster, randomised, factorial, controlled trial. Primary care centres will be assigned to four trial arms: usual care, use of CRP testing, enhanced communication skills backed up with leaflets, or combined interventions. The main outcome will be antibiotic use within the first 6 weeks and the quality adjusted life years. A pharmacoeconomic analysis of the impact of these interventions will be assessed.
Currently, paracetamol, ibuprofen and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are widely used by emergency physicians in Turkey for the treatment of fever . The objective of the study is compare the efficacy of intravenous ibuprofen and paracetamol in the treatment of patients with upper respiratory tract infections presenting with fever in the emergency department
Antibacterial drugs are facing increasing limitations in terms of effectiveness due to emergence resistance. Improved antibacterial drug monitoring approaches are particularly needed in nosocomial infections occurring in ICU patients, including ventilator-associated pneumonia and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis, where decreased susceptibility of the etiological organisms is observed worldwide and pharmacokinetic alterations frequently observed. No routine drug monitoring is available for betalactams at the point of care in a useful time frame (i.e., within a few hours after having collected the blood specimens). The purpose of this study is to compare MON4STRAT approach for reaching and maintaining a meropenem pre-determined PK-PD target when compared to conventional meropenem dose.