View clinical trials related to Respiratory Insufficiency.
Filter by:Paediatric intensive care units support the complex medical needs of children with life threatening conditions. There are 20000 admissions annually within the United Kingdom and 65% require life support through a breathing machine. Chest physiotherapy is considered part of routine care for these patients. There is a small amount of evidence providing support for the effectiveness of chest physiotherapy however it has been associated with instability and adverse events. At present the risks and benefits of chest physiotherapy in ventilated children are unknown. It is important to identify which patients are likely to benefit most and in which situations chest physiotherapy may present a significant risk. Aim: To identify and understand the risk factors for instability and harmful events which may occur due to chest physiotherapy in children on intensive care. Design/Methods Work Package 1 Phase 1 - An anonymous, electronic survey will be sent to all UK physiotherapists who work in paediatric critical care. Information will be collected about physiotherapy practice, referrals, and risk factors assessed and monitored. Phase 2 - Interviews with 18-27 physiotherapists will take place. The findings from phase 1 will guide the questions. Phase 2 will provide a more in-depth understanding about physiotherapy decision making and management of risks. Work Package 2 This part of the study will quantitatively assess the effects of chest physiotherapy and identify risk factors for instability. Routinely collected data from the three intensive care units at Great Ormond Street Hospital will be used. No contact with patients/families will be required, and no change to care will occur. Data from approximately 1000 patients will be collected over one year. Health related measures (e.g. oxygen levels) will be recorded before and after chest physiotherapy.
Every day many patients affected by chronic life-limiting illnesses are admitted into Internal Medicine wards, coming from the Emergency Department. Many studies suggest that providing palliative care to these patients may improve their end-of-life care while reducing costs by minimizing futile treatments and unwanted intensive care unit admissions. Consequently, there is a strong need for acute care hospitals to more vigorously identify patients entering the final phase of their lives as well as their specific care needs. In a previous study the investigators screened for need of palliative care patients affected by progressive chronic diseases by means of a tool, based on the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation, and Intensive Care - SIAARTI - position paper reporting criteria for patients with end-stage chronic organ failures, and on the specific clinical indicators elaborated by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) for patients with locally advanced/metastatic cancer. In a further pilot study, the investigators compared the outcomes of PC patients depending on whether the palliative care team evaluated such patients only if requested by the physician staff or routinely, irrespectively of a specific request, finding a significant increase of discharges after the activation of an appropriate PC service or scheduled PC ambulatory visit. In the present study the investigators enroll chronically ill patients admitted to an Internal Medicine Unit from the Emergency Department, to be screened for palliative care need, using the previously cited SIAARTI/NCCN screening tool (Extended Screening Tool - EST), or using a Simplified Screening Tool (SST), derived from the first instrument, which preliminary showed a superimposable efficacy. This latter tool has advantages related to much more shortness and therefore simplicity in the administration to a seriously ill patient and is much less time consuming, allowing the physician to use it routinely. The aim of the study is to verify the accuracy of the SST in identifying chronically ill patients in need of a PC approach, in comparison to the SIAARTI/NCCN tool (EST). If the SST would show good accuracy, an easily manageable tool for the assessment of PC needs in chronically ill patients would be available for the daily routine.
A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted to collect patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation. Patients were randomly assigned to receive PAV+ or PSV as weaning mode. Weaning outcomes were compared between 2 groups.
Purpose: to evaluate the immediate effect of automated oxygen titration compared to usual fixed-dose oxygen treatment during exercise in patients with COPD on long-term oxygen treatment. Methods: The study will be conducted as a double blinded randomized crossover trial with two arms. 40 ambulatory patients with COPD and home oxygen treatment will be included from AHH Hospital's catchment area. The patients will conduct two Endurance Shuttle Walk Tests (ESWT) in a crossover design using an O2matic device to deliver a variable oxygen dosage set at an SpO2-target of 90-94% and an O2-flow of 0 - 15 liters/min and using the patients´ usual fixed-dose oxygen delivery, in a randomized order. In both arms O2matic will monitor pulse rate and SpO2 continuously during the test, but only in the automated oxygen titration arm will O2matic adjust oxygen flow. The patient and the physiotherapist supervising the tests will be blinded to the oxygen dose. Primary outcome is the changes in perceived dyspnea intensity using Borg CR10 scale between walking with automated titration compared to fixed-dose treatment. Secondary outcomes are differences in walking time, the average oxygen consumption between automated oxygen titration and fixed-dose treatment and difference in time spent within acceptable SpO2-interval.
Acute respiratory failure is one of the most common diagnosis in patients admitted in the Emergency Department. Acute respiratory failure is associated with morbidity and mortality. Fifteen percent of patient will require ventilatory support and among them 40% will die. Measurement of diaphragmatic motion (excursion) at ultrasonography is a noninvasive measure, allowing to assess diaphragm dysfunction. It could be useful in predicting poor prognosis in ED patients with respiratory failure . In this study the investigators will compare the prognostic value of diaphragmatic excursion measurement at ultrasonography to that of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2 in patients presenting with acute respiratory failure in the ED The Investigators made the hypothesis that measurement of diaphragmatic excursion in ED patients with acute respiratory failure could be of value in predicting the need for ventilatory support or mortality within 28 days from ED admission
Dyspnea in systemic sclerosis (ScS) constitute a major factor of functional disability. Intensity of dyspnea is sometimes discordant with objectives data from cardiopulmonary involvements, suggesting unknown additional factors. Diffuse fibrosing myopathy of bad prognosis have been reported in ScS.To now, muscular respiratory involvement has not been evaluated in ScS. Therefore, ScS patients (with or without dyspnea) could have underlying respiratory muscular involvement not detected by current standard of care with pulmonary function tests (PFT). This project is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to assess frequency of respiratory muscular involvement in ScS and to evaluate a screening strategy of this involvement.
The study is an exploratory retrospective observational study with the aim to describe outcome fo the cohort of patients that receive non-invasive ventilation at an intensive care unit. Main research questions are: - Characteristics of the cohort. - The course for the patients at the ICU. - ICU-mortality and 30-day mortality - Amount of patients with limitations of care. - Factors associated with mortality.
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) enables delivering humidified gas at high-flow rates controlling the oxygen inspired fraction (FiO2). Its efficacy has been demonstrated in hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. However, little is known about its use in hypercapnic acute respiratory failure (ARF). Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of using HFNC through "Precision Flow" equipment as first line of ventilatory support for COPD patients with hypercapnic acute respiratory failure.
Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is a condition that occurs in small percentage of obese people that causes high carbon dioxide and low oxygen levels in the blood. OHS is associated with respiratory failure, pulmonary hypertension, and death. The cause of OHS is unclear. Since not all obese people develop OHS, it is believed that hormone imbalances can contribute to the breathing problem. Some diets can change the body's hormones. For example, low-carbohydrate, high fat "ketogenic" diets (KD) may decrease insulin and glucose levels and increase sensitivity to other hormones. The investigators hypothesize that a KD will improve breathing in OHS patients, even in the absence of weight loss.
Peripheral oxygen saturation, non-invasive blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and respiratory rate are routinely used in our intensive care unit in the follow-up of patients. In the study, the patient papers will be followed and the respiratory support of the patients will be recorded and all follow-ups will be made from the patient follow-up chart. The aim of this study is to compare the CPAP and HFO methods.