Pregnancy Related Clinical Trial
Official title:
Effectiveness of Shortened Time Interval to Postpartum Visit in Improving Postpartum Attendance
Due to potential to improve family planning, clinicians are increasingly interested in shortening the time to postpartum visits, but lack an evidence base to change policy.There are no studies that have examined the effectiveness of shortened interval to postpartum visit on attendance rate, contraception use, and rapid repeat of pregnancy (RROP). With this research, the investigators propose to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effect of reduced time interval to postpartum visit (3-4 weeks rather than 6-8 weeks) on postpartum visit attendance rate, contraceptive use, and RROP.
Postpartum care is an essential component of women's reproductive health. During this time,
the health care provider and the new mother review the previous pregnancy course, assess the
mother's wellbeing, and establish treatment plans for any ongoing problems. Prospective
guidance is given for both the mother and the baby in areas such as breastfeeding, nutrition,
depression screening, and perineal/vulvar care. However, one of the most important goals of
the postpartum visit is to discuss the new mother's desire for future pregnancies and the
interval she wishes before another pregnancy. Inadequate reproductive health planning may
result in unintended or rapid repeat of pregnancy (RROP), clinically defined as a second
pregnancy within 24 months of the end of a previous pregnancy. A short inter-pregnancy
interval is a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes including stillbirth, early neonatal
death, extreme preterm births, and babies born small for gestational age. Compared to women
who conceived 18-23 months after a previous birth, women conceiving less than five months
after a previous birth had increased third trimester bleeding, uterine infection, premature
rupture of membranes, and maternal death.Central to these outcomes is the rate of postpartum
contraception use.
In fact, research shows an association between a postpartum visit and use of a reliable
contraceptive method after pregnancy.
The optimal time for postpartum visit may be 3-4 weeks post-delivery rather than 6-8 weeks
post-delivery with regard to visit attendance and proactive management of reproductive
health, including contraception and time intervals between pregnancies. The timing of the
postpartum visits are also linked to economic outcomes and healthcare utilization; postpartum
care that results in decreased RROP and unintended pregnancies will likely decrease
healthcare costs associated with the adverse consequences of inadequate reproductive health
planning. Despite the obvious potential benefits of a decreased interval between delivery and
the postpartum visit, to date, there have been no studies to systematically compare the
impact of postpartum visit timing on visit attendance, contraception use and, subsequently,
RROP.
This study is designed to investigate the effect of reduced time interval to postpartum visit
on postpartum visit attendance rate, contraceptive use, and RROP. Additionally, the study
will assess the impact of the two visit schedules on these outcomes by race, providing
critical information about high risk populations. Finally, this research will assess the cost
effectiveness of the shortened postpartum visit schedule relative to the standard of care. In
order to account for potential bias in increased attendance rate due to intervention effect,
compensation and other factors, this study will also compare the effectiveness of shortened
time interval to postpartum visit on postpartum attendance rate and contraceptive use to a
historic cohort.
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