Effect of Anesthesia on Post-operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery

Post Operative Delirium Clinical Trial

— RAGADelirium  

Official title:

Effect of Regional Anaesthesia and General Anaesthesia on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02213380
• Other study ID #: RAGA-Delirium
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: September 2014
• Est. completion date: January 2020

Study information

• Verified date: April 2022
• Source: Wenzhou Medical University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is evaluate postoperative delirium after general anesthesia and regional anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our research hypotheses are: (1) regional anesthesia may contribute to decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium. (2) Regional anesthesia may improve the outcome of elderly patient and reduce healthcare costs associated with postoperative delirium. (3) Postoperative delirium may result in poor long-term functional outcomes.

Description:

Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute confusional state associated with changes in consciousness, arousal level and cognitive status. Elderly patients with hip fractures have the high incidence of delirium. The high risk factor of delirium include: Age 65 years or older, cognitive impairment/dementia, current hip fracture, severe illness and so on. Many previous studies predict that the majority of general anesthetic and sedative agents can favour postoperative delirium. However, none of studies have investigated the effect of general anesthesia and the effect of regional anesthesia and general anesthesia on the postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery in China. This multicentre, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial is designed to evaluate postoperative delirium after general anesthesia and regional anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our research hypotheses are: (1) regional anesthesia may contribute to decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium. (2) Regional anesthesia may improve the outcome of elderly patient and reduce healthcare costs associated with postoperative delirium. (3) Postoperative delirium may result in poor long-term functional outcomes. This trial has the following nine investigational centers: Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Eligible patients will be assigned into two study groups (group RA: regional anesthesia will be used, group GA: General anesthesia will be used) by centre-minimization randomization (web or telephone). There are 3 stratification factors: age (65-79,≥80), presence of delirium(yes, no), dementia(yes, no). There will be two teams of investigators involved in trial procedure and the patient's follow-up. Investigator A (experienced anesthetist), who are competent in caring for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, will perform following works, which includes informed consent, randomization, anesthesia and recovery parameters. Investigator B will visit patient the day before surgery and 7days after surgery or until discharge to assess patient for presence, type and severity of delirium, collect other data during in hospital stay and follow up patients at 6 and 12 months. Investigator B will receive uniform training of using of CAM, Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98), MMSE and other test used in this trial) and will be not clear about protocol. Within 24 h before surgery, cognitive function of each patient will be assessed with the MMSE, the presence of delirium will be diagnosed with the CAM, the type and severity of delirium will be assessed with DRS-R-98 and the pain will be assessed with a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). Routine monitoring (NBP, continuous ECG, and pulse oximetry) was initiated on all patients. Premedication for anesthesia will be avoided before surgery. Any medication impairing cognitive function will not be recommended, if administered, must be recorded it in detail. Investigator A will allocated the patient into group GA or group RA according the centre-randomization with a unique registration number for each eligible patient. Treatment protocols for both groups will also stipulate no sedative be administrated during operation. Routine monitoring was initiated on all patients. Hypotension (Systolic Blood Pressure<90mmHg or drop of Mean Arterial Pressure>30%) should be treated with vasoactive agents or fluid boluses as deemed appropriate by anesthetists. Postoperative analgesia will be administered according to the local procedures of each clinical trial site, aiming to maintain a VAS pain score ≤ 30 mm. Both groups will receive routine postoperative care on orthopedic ward. All randomized patients will be followed up to 7 days after surgery (or discharge from the hospital). The 7 days follow-up includes: CAM, DRS-98-R (if applicable), VAS, Analgesic use (if applicable), Sedative use (if applicable), Post-operative morbidity and laboratory results (including serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocytes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, serum creatinine and urea concentrations, serum sodium and potassium and serum glucose concentration). Concomitant medications, adverse events and serious adverse events are record in all study visits. Economic parameters include: time to be discharged from post operation, total cost in hospital and cost for anesthesia of patient. Investigator B will also assess patient with POD in clinic or at their residence at 6 and 12 months to assess for presence of delirium, its type and severity (CAM, DRS-98-R), cognitive function using MMSE, and quality of life using The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. The study will be monitored regularly by the clinical research associate (CRA) through visits or telephone. CRA will verify the consistency of the data recorded on the case report forms with the source documents and the management of therapeutic batches, the presence and completeness of the investigator file.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 950
• Est. completion date: January 2020
• Est. primary completion date: December 31, 2018
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 65 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• older patient (=65 years)
• patient with hip fracture and planned hip fracture surgery
• patient willing to complete this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• patient with multiple trauma or multiple fractures, pathological fractures, pelvic fractures, femur fractures
• contraindication (serious illness or medical conditions) for general anesthesia
• contraindication (infection at the site of needle insertion, coagulopathy, international normalized ratio >1.4, platelet count <80×109 litre-1, allergy to local anaesthetics and so on) for regional anesthesia;
• patient who cannot complete the preoperative mental tests (CAM and/or Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) of this clinical trial
• patient known to susceptible to malignant hyperthermia
• known allergy or hypersensitivity to any drugs administered during this clinical trial
• previous participation in this clinical trial
• participation in another clinical trial within 4 weeks prior to selection

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Delirium
• Hip Fractures
• Post Operative Delirium

Intervention

Procedure:
• method of anesthesia
General anesthesia and regional anesthesia. General anesthesia(general anesthesia combined with peripheral nerve blockade, general anesthesia combined with spinal/epidural anesthesia or single general anesthesia) will be used in group GA. Regional anesthesia(epidural, spinal, combined spinal and epidural anesthesia or nerve block) will be used in group RA

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
China	Beijing Jishuitan Hospital	Beijing
China	West China Hospital of Sichuan University	Chengdu	Sichuan
China	Southwest Hospital	Chongqing
China	The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine	Hangzhou	Zhejiang
China	The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University	Hefei	Anhui
China	The People's Hospital of Lishi	Lishi	Zhejiang
China	The Central Hospital of Lishui City	Lishui	Zhejiang
China	The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University	Nanchang	Jiangxi
China	Ningbo No.2 Hospital	Ningbo	Zhejiang
China	Ningbo No.6 Hospital	Ningbo	Zhejiang
China	Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province	Taizhou	Zhejiang
China	The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University	Wenzhou	Zhejiang
China	Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college	Wuhan	Hubei

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Wenzhou Medical University	National Research Institute for Family Planning, China

Country where clinical trial is conducted

China, 

References & Publications (23)

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* Note: There are 23 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Number of Participants With Post-operative Delirium in 7 Days Post Operation	Post-operative delirium diagnosed with Confusion Assessment Method	in 7 days post operation
Secondary	Number of Participants With Post-operative Delirium	Number of participants with delirium includes patients who had delirium in the post in the first 7 post-operative days.; The severity of delirium was described using a severity score from 0 (no delirium) to 39 (highest severity) and subtypes of delirium as hyperactive, hypoactive or mixed.	within fist 7days post operation
Secondary	Severity of Delirium	The worst severity scores of delirium was diagnosed with the DRS-R-98 within 7 days	within first 7days post operation
Secondary	The Subtypes of Delirium Diagnosed in 7 Days Post Operation	The subtypes of delirium diagnosed with the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98).; Patients with the hyperactive subtype may be agitated, disoriented, and delusional, and may experience hallucinations. This presentation can be confused with that of schizophrenia, agitated dementia, or a psychotic disorder.	within first 7 days post operation
Secondary	30 Day Mortality	Mortality within 30 days post operation	30 days after surgery
Secondary	Acute Pain Score Using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)	The worst pain score within 7 days post-operation in both groups. The visual analog scale (VAS) is a validated, subjective measure for acute and chronic pain. Scores are recorded by making a handwritten mark on a 10-cm line that represents a continuum between no pain(0 point) to worst pain (100 points).	In 7days post operation
Secondary	Length of Hospital Stay	Length of hospital stay are measured from the anesthesia starting day to the discharge day	till the day of discharge from hospital, an average of 7 days
Secondary	Costs of Anesthetic Procedure	Costs of anesthetic procedure only	1 day after operation
Secondary	Total In-hospital Costs	Entire expenditure in-hospital	till the day of discharge
Secondary	6 Months Incidence of Delirium	in clinic or at their residence, diagnosed with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)	6 months after discharge
Secondary	12 Months Incidence of Delirium	in clinic or at their residence, diagnosed with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)	12 months after discharge
Secondary	6 Months Quality of Life	using 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire	6 months after discharge
Secondary	12 Months Quality of Life	using 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire	12months after discharge