View clinical trials related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Filter by:The primary objective is to determine if meals of different fat and fiber content affect postprandial plasma testosterone concentration in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Our hypothesis is that a high-fiber meal will have a greater reduction in testosterone composition compared with a high-fat meal.
Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea (FHA), the spontaneous cessation of the menstrual cycle for at least 6 months after menstrual cyclicity has been established, is a common and reversible form of anovulation not due to discernible organic causes. Whereas animal studies suggest an interaction of metabolic and psychosocial stress in the genesis of FHA, the distinct central mechanisms in humans are not clear. On a behavioral level, FHA appears to depend on a complex interplay between individual stress susceptibility, stressful life events, and enduring metabolic challenge due to inappropriate attitudes towards eating and body image. We will use a comparison group of ovulatory, eumenorrheic women (EW) and a contrast group of lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although women with FHA and PCOS present with anovulation, each condition differs markedly in pathobiology (and health burden). Contrasting women with FHA to those with PCOS will afford an opportunity to understand more about the interaction between metabolism, stress, and reproduction and to determine the extent to which differences between FHA and EW are attributable to reproductive compromise (anovulation) per se versus specific to the pathogenesis of FHA or PCOS. We have used this approach to great advantage in the past to show that hypercortisolemia was confined to FHA and not PCOS (Berga 1997) and that dysfunctional (unrealistic) attitudes and decreased coping skills were reported more often in FHA than in PCOS and more in PCOS than EW. Further, this approach of comparing 3 groups will allow us to improve therapeutic approaches for two principle causes of anovulatory infertility in women. To accomplish this, we will study women with FHA, PCOS, and normal ovulatory women. The study will take place over 2 months and women will make 4-5 outpatient visits to the Clinical Integration Network Center and will have one overnight stay for frequent blood sampling.
Background: PCOS is a common condition with a prevalence of 5-8 % in premenopausal women. More than 50% of PCOS patients are insulin resistant and have a diabetes risk 5-8 times higher than age- and weight-matched controls. Studies using insulin sensitizers in PCOS found increased insulin sensitivity and decreased insulin levels to be followed by decreased androgen levels and improved ovulatory function. No studies however, evaluated the long term effects of insulin sensitizing treatment. Oral contraceptives normalize menstrual cycles and suppress androgen levels in PCOS, however no long-term studies evaluated the effects of combined treatment with metformin and oral contraceptives in PCOS. Design: Randomized open study in 3*30 PCOS patients. Patients are randomised to 24 months of treatment with 1: metformin, 2: metformin and oral contraceptives or 3: oral contraceptives. Primary outcome measures: fasting insulin, AUC insulin. Secundary endpoints: BMI, WHR, LH, FSH, total and free-testosterone, c-peptid, urinary cortisol, AUC for insulin, glucose and c-peptid during OGTT. Inclusioncriteria: 1. Irregular menses or anovulaty cycles 2. High free testosterone > 0,035 nmol/l or hirsutism 3. PCO in vaginal US Criteria 1 and 2 OR 2 and 3. Design:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, or PCOS, is the most common endocrine disorder in women. Depending on the strictness of the diagnostic criteria used, it is thought to occur in about 6-10% of all women, many of whom do not know they have the syndrome. Women with PCOS produce abnormally high levels of male hormones (hyperandrogenism); this counteracts their ovaries' ability to make enough of the female hormones estrogen and progesterone needed for normal menstruation. PCOS is the number one cause of hormonally related infertility and also increases women's risks for diabetes, high blood pressure, hypercholesteremia, cardiovascular disease and certain cancers. It is currently unclear to what extent PCOS and PCOS-associated traits (hyperandrogenisms, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and coronary artery disease) are the results of environmental factors or genetic predisposition. Therefore, the NIEHS Program in Clinical Research is conducting a multi-phase twin study to measure the extent of PCOS heritability and to identify environmental and genetic factors involved in the development of PCOS. The proposal described here is for Phase 2 of this study. The goals of Phase 2 are to: 1) establish more reliable concordance rates and baseline heritability estimates for PCOS in MZ and DZ twins; and 2) establish a cohort of intact MZ and DZ female twin pairs as a resource for future studies. In Phase 1, about 1500 individual female twins were identified from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry (MATR) based on self report of a history of irregular periods and/or cystic ovaries in the MATR General Health Screening Questionnaire. Those twins were surveyed by phone for other traits associated with PCOS. In Phase 2, the twins most likely to have PCOS based on their answers to the Phase 1 phone survey will be recontacted for further PCOS screening. This includes providing a blood sample for measuring bioavailable testosterone (BaT) levels. Women with elevated BaT levels are likely to have PCOS. The women with elevated levels will then be asked to undergo a medical evaluation for PCOS confirmation. This includes a physical exam, medical history, ultrasound, 2-hour glucose tolerance and other biochemical blood tests, and a Ferriman-Gallwey evaluation for abnormal hirsutism (another characteristic of PCOS). The women will also be tested for pregnancy and zygosity. Their female co-twins will be invited to undergo...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the metabolic effects of anti-androgens and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), compared with placebo, in the treatment of women with PCOS. We hypothesized that controlling elevated androgen levels with either anti-androgens or OCPs would produce improvement in metabolic markers in PCOS women and would reduce their long term metabolic risk.
Metformin is an insulin sensitizing drug routinely used for the treatment of anovulatory patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). To date, the metabolic effects of the long-term metformin administration are know but no data are available on the effects after its suspension. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of metformin suspension on insulin sensitivity in PCOS patients.
The polycystic ovary syndrome is the leading cause of female infertility in the United States. The disorder affects approximately 6-10% of women of reproductive age. It is widely accepted that "insulin resistance" may be responsible for the infertility of this syndrome. Women are insulin resistant when their bodies do not respond to insulin's action to handle sugar as they normally should. Because of this insulin resistance, women with the polycystic ovary syndrome are also at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes. We have previously shown that D-chiro-inositol (DCI), a substance naturally found in our body that helps insulin's action, is lacking in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Not having enough DCI may lead to insulin resistance. The purpose of this study is to determine if weight loss helps to replenish the body with DCI and help to promote insulin's action.
Cardiovascular risk factors cluster in hyperandrogenic women - including those presenting with the polycystic ovary syndrome - in association with insulin resistance, obesity, and other metabolic disorders. The present clinical trial intends to compare the effects of oral contraceptives and metformin on PCOS patients, focusing on classic and non-classic cardiovascular risk markers and indexes of cardiovascular performance, in order to whether or not, as suspected by previous data obtained in non-hyperandrogenic women, oral contraceptives worsen the cardiovascular risk profile of PCOS women, favoring the use of metformin if the latter actually ameliorates such a risk.
The Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common disorder related to ovulation problems. Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the drug of first choice for this condition. Nevertheless, CC has a detrimental effect over uterine receptivity. Raloxifene is a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator, that does not have a detrimental effect over the endometrium, and also increase the serum levels of FSH, thus, inducting ovulation. The objective of this study is to compare the ovulation rate in PCOS patients between clomiphene citrate and raloxifene in a double blind randomized trial.
The purpose of this study is to compare pregnancy rates and the occurrence of OHSS in PCOS patients who were treated with GnRH agonist and GnRH antagonist protocols ovarian stimulation during an IVF cycle. Our hypothesis is that the GnRH antagonist protocol reduces the occurrence and severity of OHSS compared to the GnRH agonist protocol.