Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Setting

Pneumonia Clinical Trial

Official title:

Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Setting

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02685930
• Other study ID #: 201509075
• Status: Completed
• Start date: January 2016
• Est. completion date: February 1, 2017

Study information

• Verified date: May 2018
• Source: Washington University School of Medicine
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this observational study is to collect prospective data on the occurrence of bacterial and viral pneumonia in the ICU setting. Current classification systems for pneumonia promote over treatment with antibiotics as they do not specifically recognize the presence of culture-negative and viral pneumonia. The investigators will collect data to determine if a novel pneumonia classification system can be developed that more accurately links the etiology of pneumonia (antibiotic-susceptible bacterial pneumonia, antibiotic-resistant bacterial pneumonia, culture-negative pneumonia, viral pneumonia) to clinical outcomes. Additionally, the investigators will collect data on the practice of antimicrobial stewardship in the ICU setting to determine if further improvements in antibiotic practices can be accomplished in the future.

Description:

The investigators will be prospectively collecting data on patients admitted to the 8300 and 8400 medical intensive care units at Barnes-Jewish Hospital requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for support in respiratory failure from pneumonia. Data will be collected on patients admitted from 1/2016-12/2016. The investigators will be collecting initial patient characteristic data as well as reviewing microbial specimen results (tracheal aspirate, bronchial alveolar lavage, viral multiplex, blood cultures) and antibiotic usage in real time. The investigators will identify any changes in antibiotic usage demonstrated with the advising of the ICU antibiotic stewardship team.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 364
• Est. completion date: February 1, 2017
• Est. primary completion date: February 1, 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• age 18+, admitted for 8300 or 8400 medical ICU between 1/2016 and 12/2016 for respiratory failure from pneumonia, requirement of > 24 hours of invasive mechanical ventilatory support for pneumonia

Exclusion Criteria:

• Immunocompromised as defined by HIV/AIDS, known immunodeficiency, chronic steroids > 20mg/day Prednisone equivalent, other home immunosuppressants, solid organ or bone marrow transplant patients, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, active malignancy, receiving chemotherapy or radiation therapy within the past 3 months, hematologic malignancy

• Chronic ventilator dependence

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Pneumonia
• Respiratory Failure
• Respiratory Insufficiency

Intervention

Behavioral:
• Antibiotic de-escalation by ICU stewardship team with decreased exposure to broad spectrum antibiotics and shorter duration of therapy
ICU stewardship team will provide recommendations to the ICU team regarding antibiotic de-escalation and duration of therapy in attempts of improving antibiotic stewardship practices without compromising patient outcomes.Recommendations will be based on patient showing clinical improvement combined with microbial culture data.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Barnes-Jewish Hospital	Saint Louis	Missouri

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Washington University School of Medicine

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (13)

Cabré M, Serra-Prat M, Force L, Almirall J, Palomera E, Clavé P. Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a risk factor for readmission for pneumonia in the very elderly persons: observational prospective study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2014 Mar;69(3):330-7. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glt099. Epub 2013 Jul 5. — View Citation

Charlson ME, Sax FL, MacKenzie CR, Fields SD, Braham RL, Douglas RG Jr. Assessing illness severity: does clinical judgment work? J Chronic Dis. 1986;39(6):439-52. — View Citation

Chastre J, Fagon JY. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Apr 1;165(7):867-903. Review. — View Citation

Dharmarajan K, Hsieh AF, Lin Z, Bueno H, Ross JS, Horwitz LI, Barreto-Filho JA, Kim N, Bernheim SM, Suter LG, Drye EE, Krumholz HM. Diagnoses and timing of 30-day readmissions after hospitalization for heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, or pneumonia. JAMA. 2013 Jan 23;309(4):355-63. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.216476. — View Citation

Iregui M, Ward S, Sherman G, Fraser VJ, Kollef MH. Clinical importance of delays in the initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest. 2002 Jul;122(1):262-8. — View Citation

Kollef MH, Chastre J, Clavel M, Restrepo MI, Michiels B, Kaniga K, Cirillo I, Kimko H, Redman R. A randomized trial of 7-day doripenem versus 10-day imipenem-cilastatin for ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care. 2012 Nov 13;16(6):R218. doi: 10.1186/cc11862. — View Citation

Kollef MH, Shorr A, Tabak YP, Gupta V, Liu LZ, Johannes RS. Epidemiology and outcomes of health-care-associated pneumonia: results from a large US database of culture-positive pneumonia. Chest. 2005 Dec;128(6):3854-62. Erratum in: Chest. 2006 Mar;129(3):831. — View Citation

Magill SS, Klompas M, Balk R, Burns SM, Deutschman CS, Diekema D, Fridkin S, Greene L, Guh A, Gutterman D, Hammer B, Henderson D, Hess D, Hill NS, Horan T, Kollef M, Levy M, Septimus E, VanAntwerpen C, Wright D, Lipsett P. Developing a new, national approach to surveillance for ventilator-associated events*. Crit Care Med. 2013 Nov;41(11):2467-75. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3182a262db. — View Citation

Micek ST, Kollef KE, Reichley RM, Roubinian N, Kollef MH. Health care-associated pneumonia and community-acquired pneumonia: a single-center experience. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Oct;51(10):3568-73. Epub 2007 Aug 6. — View Citation

Micek ST, Lang A, Fuller BM, Hampton NB, Kollef MH. Clinical implications for patients treated inappropriately for community-acquired pneumonia in the emergency department. BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Feb 5;14:61. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-61. — View Citation

Shorr AF, Zilberberg MD, Reichley R, Kan J, Hoban A, Hoffman J, Micek ST, Kollef MH. Readmission following hospitalization for pneumonia: the impact of pneumonia type and its implication for hospitals. Clin Infect Dis. 2013 Aug;57(3):362-7. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit254. Epub 2013 May 15. — View Citation

Tang VL, Halm EA, Fine MJ, Johnson CS, Anzueto A, Mortensen EM. Predictors of rehospitalization after admission for pneumonia in the veterans affairs healthcare system. J Hosp Med. 2014 Jun;9(6):379-83. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2184. Epub 2014 Mar 19. — View Citation

Vidaur L, Planas K, Sierra R, Dimopoulos G, Ramirez A, Lisboa T, Rello J. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: impact of organisms on clinical resolution and medical resources utilization. Chest. 2008 Mar;133(3):625-32. doi: 10.1378/chest.07-2020. Epub 2008 Jan 15. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	In-hospital mortality		maxiumum of 12 months
Secondary	Hospital length of stay		maximum of 12 months
Secondary	ICU length of stay		maximum of 12 months
Secondary	Days of invasive mechanical ventilation		maximum of 12 months
Secondary	Total days of antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal administration (collected both as a total days of therapy and by individual agent)	The investigators will collect this information by reviewing the electronic medical record which delineates dates and times of each of the medications administered to a participant by nursing staff. The specific dates as well as total consecutive calendar days of each antibiotic administered will be charted in a database for further analysis. Antibiotics will be ranked for spectrum of activity based on microbial coverage as per the Barnes-Jewish Hospital antibiogram most recently published in 2014. De-escalation will be defined as a decrease in number and/or spectrum of antimicrobials administered. Antibiotics, antiviral, antifungals including those which fall into the following classes will be recorded: Penicillins, Floroquinalones, Macrolides, Vancomycin, Linezolid, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, Monobactams, Aztreonam, Aminoglycocides, Tetracyclines, Metronidazole, non-specific antifungals, Azoles & derivatives, antivirals.	maximum of 12 months (including planned course of antibiotics to be continued upon discharge)
Secondary	Total days of septic shock as defined by the requirement of vasopressor therapy for maintaining a MAP > 60	The electronic medical record will be utilized to determine the number of days for which a participant required vasopressor therapy for blood pressure support. Norepinephrine, Vasopressin, and Phenylephrine are considered vasopressors for this study.	maximum of 12 months
Secondary	Occurrence of ventilator-associated events	tracheostomy placement, VAP, pneumothorax while on ventilator	maximum of 12 months
Secondary	Disposition	Discharge documentation and social work notes will be reviewed to determine if the patient was discharged to home, an extended care facility/skilled nursing facility, hospice (at home or facility), long term acute care hospital, psychiatric ward, other hospital, or inpatient rehabilitation center. If the patient died in the hospital prior any discharge, this will be documented as the disposition.	maximum of 12 months
Secondary	90 day readmission rate	readmission all causes at 90 days post-discharge from index hospitalization	90 days from time of discharge from index hospitalization