View clinical trials related to Parent-Child Relations.
Filter by:Parent education is an effective and relatively cost efficient approach for reducing child behavior problems. Research, however, suggests that the effectiveness of parent education is mitigated by parent attendance and parent implementation of intervention strategies. That is, low attendance at parent education sessions is associated with limited intervention effects. Therefore, it is critical to identify strategies to enhance parent engagement. A previous pilot randomized controlled trial of a parent education program (Behavioral Parent Education; BPE, specifically Promoting Engagement for ADHD pre-Kindergartners [PEAK]), found that both face-to-face (F2F) and online BPE resulted in high levels of parent engagement and child behavior improvements. However, results need to be replicated in a full scale efficacy trial with a larger, diverse sample to provide more reliable estimates of relative effect sizes for parent and child outcomes and to evaluate the extent to which parent and child behavior changes are maintained after BPE has ended. In the current randomized controlled trial, the investigators intend to apply What Works Clearinghouse group design standards to examine the efficacy of two forms of delivery of BPE (F2F and online) relative to a wait-list control condition in a sample of 180, 3- to 5-year old children with clinically significant symptoms of ADHD. The objective is to: (a) extend findings from the pilot investigation to a large, diverse sample; (b) examine maintenance of effects; (c) identify moderators and mediators of treatment outcome, especially the degree to which these may differ for F2F vs. online treatment delivery; and (d) assess cost and cost-effectiveness of the two PEAK delivery formats.
At Yale New Haven Hospital, parents on the postpartum ward receive a Take 5 program to help train and prepare parents for strategies to manage their infant's crying. Inconsolable crying is a leading cause for abusive head trauma (AHT) in infants, and the Take 5 program has proven effective in reducing rates of AHT. However, it is also important to examine new ways of improving AHT preventative programs to optimize outcomes for infants. The purpose of this proposal is to determine whether adding a one-minute audio-clip of an infant crying, which specifically addresses AHT, to the Take 5 message given to parents of newborns on the postpartum floor of the hospital strengthens the preventive message. This is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of parents on the postpartum ward; half will receive just Take 5, and the other half will receive the audio-clip and Take 5. Our hypotheses to be tested are that relative to parents who had Take 5 alone, those parents who hear the audio-clip before learning Take 5 will: 1. Have higher HR/BPs and higher negative affect after the training session 2. Be more likely to remember use Take 5 when they became frustrated with their infant's crying when followed up 6 weeks later. 3. Be more likely to tell other people about Take 5 and be more likely to say Take 5 was useful.
Mental health problems and overweight often co-occur, they have their origin in early childhood and new research evidence suggest a key role of cognitive, emotional and behavioral regulation in the early developmental trajectories and points to the benefits of intervention in infancy that builds on strategies of sensitive parenting. The research group behind this project has developed the PUF program (PUF: In Danish: 'Psykisk Udvikling og Funktion') to target infants' mental health and development within the settings of community health nurses. Still, measures are lacking that address the infants most vulnerable regarding the development and progression of mental health problems and overweight. In this project, we develop and test a new intensified intervention to address major cognitive and regulatory vulnerabilities identified at child age 9-10 months and adapted to the settings of community health nurses. The intervention is created as an add-on to the PUF-program, using an evidence-based method to promote sensitive parenting, the Video-based Intervention to Promote Positive Parenting (VIPP). The new intervention VIPP-PUF comprises six therapeutic sessions delivered by the community health nurse during home visits over a three months period. The intervention builds on teaching the health nurses to promote parents' sensitivity to meet the infants' cognitive and regulatory vulnerabilities, and it takes in account the needs of psycho-socially disadvantaged families. The Infant Health project is conducted in sixteen municipalities across Denmark. We use the Intervention Mapping approach as the study frame and integrate the best practice of community health nurses. The efficacy of the VIPP-PUF intervention is examined in a randomized controlled step-wedge design, in which approximately 1.000 children are followed up to the age of 24 months. The VIPP-PUF intervention is hypothesized to reduce mental health problems at ages 24 months among infants with high levels of cognitive and regulatory problems at age 9-10 months, (primary outcome). Also, it is hypothesized that among children with high levels of cognitive and regulatory vulnerabilities at age 9-10 months, adding the VIPP-PUF intervention to treatment as usual at age 9-10 months, will reduce infants' cognitive and regulatory problems; promote healthy weight development; reduce parents' experiences of stress; promote sensitive parenting and promote parents' feeling of competence and relatedness.
Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effect of parental active/passive presence technique (PAP/PPP) on the overall behavior of preschool children with different intelligence and fear levels. Methods: This randomized controlled trial recruited 150 healthy children, 3-6 years old, with no history of previous dental pain/treatment, IQ level ≤70 to ≤110. After sample collection, in the first visit, children were stratified according to their Intelligence Quotient into 3 equal groups (high, average, low) in which each group was further equally and randomly divided into 2 sub-groups (test and control). In the second visit, before intervention with preventive measures, dental fear was assessed using facial image scale. During intervention, the control sub-groups were managed using PPP technique, while the test sub-groups were managed using PAP technique. Overall behavior was assessed using Frankl behavior rating scale at the end of the 2nd visit. Data was analyzed using chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The PAP technique had significantly higher odds of positive behavior than the PPP technique (P=0.002). Conclusions: Children with low intelligence showed higher dental fear and negative behavior in the dental setting. PAP technique had significant positive effect on the children's overall behavior with different fear and intelligence levels.
The purpose of this study is to incorporate behavioral economics approaches to determine whether 3 novel interventions of varying intensity improve the frequency of parent-child reading behaviors among low-income families. Participants will be randomized to comparative groups to test the effects of automated hovering approaches on frequency of parent-child shared reading. Investigators long-term goal is to test the effects of these approaches to promote child language and socio-emotional development.
Early developmentally-based behavioral intervention has well-established positive effects and is recommended as the standard of care to support early brain maturation, health, and development. However, few neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) provide this early intervention. H-HOPE (Hospital to Home: Optimizing the Preterm Infant's Environment) has established efficacy, and has a standardized protocol, making it ready for widespread implementation. The infant-directed component of H-HOPE provides Auditory (voice), Tactile (moderate touch massage), Visual (eye to eye), and Vestibular (rocking) stimulation starting when infants are ready for social interaction. The parent-directed component of H-HOPE includes participatory guidance and support to help parents engage with infants in the NICU and the transition to home. In this NIH-funded research, H-HOPE improved growth, developmental maturity and mother-infant interaction, and reduced initial hospitalization costs and acute care visits through 6-weeks corrected age. This research tests whether H-HOPE can be implemented and sustained in five diverse NICUs, using a Type 3 Hybrid design to evaluate both implementation processes and effectiveness. The specific aims are to: 1) Identify the degree of implementation success; 2) Evaluate the effectiveness of H-HOPE for infants, hospital costs from H-HOPE enrollment until discharge, and parents, compared to a pre-implementation comparison cohort; and 3) Determine influences (facilitators and barriers) associated with implementation success and H-HOPE effectiveness, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). An incomplete stepped-wedge design guides staggered roll-out for five clinical sites. Each NICU completes the CFIR implementation steps (Planning and Engaging, Executing, and Reflecting and Evaluating), followed by 6 months of Sustaining. For Aim 1, degree of implementation success is determined every two months as Sustainability (still offering H-HOPE), Reach (% of eligible parent/infant dyads receiving H-HOPE) and Degree of Implementation (mean H-HOPE services received per parent-infant unit) (primary implementation outcomes). For Aim 2, effectiveness is analyzed using generalized linear mixed models for infant, cost, and parent outcomes (primary outcomes: infant growth at discharge and acute care visits from discharge to 6-weeks corrected age). Propensity score analysis is used to make the pre- and post-implementation comparable. For Aim 3, a mixed methods analyses is used to identify influences from H-HOPE records and interviews that are associated with implementation success and effectiveness at each site and across sites. This is the first time implementation in a NICU is guided by the evidence-based CFIR framework, and results will make a major contribution to implementation science. This study will produce an evidence-based implementation strategy and Toolkit to disseminate nationwide. Widespread H-HOPE implementation will make a significant change in clinical practice and improve preterm infant health and health care costs.
Children in foster care have an increased risk of exposure to adverse experiences during childhood and across the lifespan. In current studies of interventions children in foster care are often excluded, or they are too few to be included in statistical analyses of outcomes. As a consequence, knowledge on feasibility of treatment methods for some of the most exposed and maltreated children in society is sparse. Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) is an intervention for children 0-6 years who have been exposed to adverse and traumatic events. CPP is currently being implemented in Sweden. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of CPP for children in foster care.
The purpose of this research is to adapt and evaluate the efficacy of an existing family based intervention to be delivered via telehealth to child welfare-involved (CWI) youth and their caregiver of origin.
This study will pilot a family-focused, behavioral health intervention while also developing and piloting mHealth tools to support Community Health Workers (CHWs) in Sierra Leone. This dual focus will help build capacity both for delivery of evidence-based mental health services to reduce family violence and harsh parenting practices, and for effective use of mHealth strategies to improve healthcare delivery quality. This study will leverage Government of Sierra Leone investments in community health initiatives as a strategy to address critical healthcare workforce limitations that plague delivery of evidence-based interventions to vulnerable families in post-conflict Sierra Leone. Study aims are to: Aim 1. Employ a five-phase user-centered design approach to develop and test mHealth tools to improve training, supervision, and fidelity monitoring of Community Health Workers. Study investigators hypothesize that mHealth tools will be feasible, acceptable, and user-friendly. Aim 2. Conduct a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to assess feasibility, acceptability, costs and preliminary effects of the mHealth-supported delivery of FSI-ECD on parent mental health, emotion regulation, and familial violence in high risk families with children aged 6-36 months (n=40) in comparison to control families (n=40) who receive standard care. Parental mental health, emotion regulation, household violence, and parenting practices will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention and 6-month follow-up. Study investigators hypothesize that (a) the effects of the FSI-ECD will be comparable to results observed with vulnerable families in Rwanda; (b) digital tools will be feasible and acceptable to CHWs and supervisors. Aim 3. Leverage well-established relationships and government partners to strengthen capacity for mHealth research and quality healthcare delivery in Sierra Leone. Partners include the University of Makeni, the Directorate of Science, Technology and Innovation, and the Ministry of Health and Sanitation.
Parents' mental health contributes to their feeding practices how they perceive and respond to their children's behavior. Suboptimal feeding practices may promote dysfunctional eating behaviours in children and contribute to children's weigh. The purpose of this review is to identify existing literature on the association between parents' stress and their feeding styles and practices