Effect of the Diode Laser (940nm) on Orthodontics

Pain Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effect of Diode Laser (940nm) on Total Relief of Dental Crowding and Pain Perception in Orthodontics: Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05469451
• Other study ID #: UniCIEOLaser01
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: August 20, 2022
• Est. completion date: December 20, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: August 2022
• Source: Fundación Universitaria CIEO
• Contact: Diana M Montoya, MSc
• Phone: 3164469500
• Email: dm.montoya[@]unicieo.edu.co
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

To evaluate the effect of the low power density 940nm diode laser in the total relief of dental crowding during the alignment phase and the perception of pain in patients who initiate orthodontic treatment.

Description:

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the low power density 940nm diode laser in the total relief of dental crowding during the alignment phase and the perception of pain in patients who initiate orthodontic treatment. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Setting: orthodontic treatment from the Orthodontic postgraduate course at the CIEO University (CIEO), located in the city of Bogotá, Colombia Participants: 50 randomized subjects, 25 per group, seen during the alignment phase with ages between 20 and 40 years, male or female, with all lower permanent teeth or at least 36 to 46, with Little's irregularity index 3mm to 6mm, without prior orthodontic treatment, periodontally stable, non-smokers and who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study by signing the informed consent. Patients with a history of long-term medications that interfere with bone metabolism and / or pain synthesis (bisphosphonates, anti-inflammatory or analgesic drugs and hormonal supplements, with systemic diseases (Diabetes, hyperthyroidism, disease with bone metabolism) were excluded. , pregnant women, infants and patients who, during the alignment phase, require the implementation of metal ligatures, springs to expand spaces and lace back uses in the technique. Intervention: group 1 irradiated with low power laser (940nm) and. Group 2: it was simulated that they were irradiated. The therapeutic laser was applied for a time of 10 seconds on the buccal surfaces of the teeth and 10 seconds on the lingual surfaces of the teeth, both at the gingival level and at the apical level in scanning mode, on the day of cementation of the appliance and subsequently every fifteen days for 3 months. Main outcome measures: total relief of dental crowding measured through the little index in digital models and pain perception through the visual analog scale. Randomization: Four patients were randomized with the randomized blocks technique. Blinding (masking): The patients participating in the clinical trial, the statistician, the students and the study operators who are going to measure Little's irregularity index will be blinded to the interventions, except the principal investigator.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 50
• Est. completion date: December 20, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: December 20, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 20 Years to 40 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Ages between 20 and 40 years
• Male or female
• All lower permanent teeth or at least 36 to 46
• Little's irregularity index 3mm to 6mm
• Without prior orthodontic treatment
• Periodontally stable
• Non-smokers
• Voluntarily agreed to participate in the study by signing the informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a history of long-term medications that interfere with bone metabolism and / or pain synthesis (bisphosphonates, anti-inflammatory or analgesic drugs and hormonal supplements
• Systemic diseases (Diabetes, hyperthyroidism, disease with bone metabolism)
• Pregnant women
• Infants
• Patients who, during the alignment phase, require the implementation of metal ligatures, springs to expand spaces and lace back uses in the technique.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Crowding, Tooth
• Low Level Laser Therapy
• Malocclusion
• Pain

Intervention

Procedure:
• Low level laser therapy
Irradiated with a low power density laser of 940 (nm), 100 megawatt, which will be calibrated and the result of the calibration will be checked with the use of the power meter. The equipment used will be a diode laser (BIOLASE™), the area to be irradiated will be the anterior segment of the lower arch, each tooth will be irradiated for a time of 10 seconds on the vestibular surfaces of the teeth and 10 seconds on the lingual surfaces of the teeth, both at gingival level and at apical level in scanning mode.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Colombia	Fundación Universitaria UniCIEO	Bogotá

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Fundación Universitaria CIEO

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Colombia, 

References & Publications (28)

Al-Jundi A, Sakka S, Riba H, Ward T, Hanna R. Efficiency of Er:YAG utilization in accelerating deep bite orthodontic treatment. Laser Ther. 2018 Sep 30;27(3):193-202. doi: 10.5978/islsm.27_18-OR-15. — View Citation

AlSayed Hasan MMA, Sultan K, Hamadah O. Low-level laser therapy effectiveness in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Angle Orthod. 2017 Jul;87(4):499-504. doi: 10.2319/062716-503.1. Epub 2016 Nov 21. Erratum in: Angle Orthod. 2018 Jan;88(1):125. — View Citation

Asiry MA. Biological aspects of orthodontic tooth movement: A review of literature. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2018 Sep;25(6):1027-1032. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.03.008. Epub 2018 Mar 14. Review. — View Citation

Camacho AD, Velásquez Cujar SA. Dental movement acceleration: Literature review by an alternative scientific evidence method. World J Methodol. 2014 Sep 26;4(3):151-62. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v4.i3.151. eCollection 2014 Sep 26. Review. — View Citation

Chen H, Han B, Jiang R, Su H, Feng T, Teng F, Xu T. PASS versus MBT™ for evaluation of anchorage control in three-dimensional measurements: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Orthod. 2021 Jan 29;43(1):113-119. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjaa021. — View Citation

Demirsoy KK, Kurt G. Use of Laser Systems in Orthodontics. Turk J Orthod. 2020 May 22;33(2):133-140. doi: 10.5152/TurkJOrthod.2020.18099. eCollection 2020 Jun. Review. — View Citation

Diddige R, Negi G, Kiran KVS, Chitra P. Comparison of pain levels in patients treated with 3 different orthodontic appliances - a randomized trial. Med Pharm Rep. 2020 Jan;93(1):81-88. doi: 10.15386/mpr-1311. Epub 2020 Jan 31. — View Citation

El-Angbawi A, McIntyre GT, Fleming PS, Bearn DR. Non-surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Nov 18;(11):CD010887. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010887.pub2. Review. — View Citation

Elkattan AE, Gheith M, Fayed MS, Yazeed MAE, Farrag AH, Khalil WKB. Effects of Different Parameters of Diode Laser on Acceleration of Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Its Effect on Relapse: An Experimental Animal Study. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Feb 10;7(3):412-420. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.089. eCollection 2019 Feb 15. — View Citation

Fernandes LM, Ogaard B, Skoglund L. Pain and discomfort experienced after placement of a conventional or a superelastic NiTi aligning archwire. A randomized clinical trial. J Orofac Orthop. 1998;59(6):331-9. English, German. — View Citation

Fleming PS, Dibiase AT, Sarri G, Lee RT. Pain experience during initial alignment with a self-ligating and a conventional fixed orthodontic appliance system. A randomized controlled clinical trial. Angle Orthod. 2009 Jan;79(1):46-50. doi: 10.2319/121007-579.1. — View Citation

Gounder R, Gounder S. Laser Science and its Applications in Prosthetic Rehabilitation. J Lasers Med Sci. 2016 Fall;7(4):209-213. doi: 10.15171/jlms.2016.37. Epub 2016 Oct 27. — View Citation

Isola G, Matarese M, Briguglio F, Grassia V, Picciolo G, Fiorillo L, Matarese G. Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy during Tooth Movement: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Materials (Basel). 2019 Jul 8;12(13). pii: E2187. doi: 10.3390/ma12132187. — View Citation

Jahanbin A, Hasanzadeh N, Khaki S, Shafaee H. Comparison of self-ligating Damon3 and conventional MBT brackets regarding alignment efficiency and pain experience: A randomized clinical trial. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects. 2019 Fall;13(4):281-288. doi: 10.15171/joddd.2019.043. — View Citation

Li B, Zhao ZH. [Adjunctive interventions to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement]. Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Dec 1;37(6):648-655. doi: 10.7518/hxkq.2019.06.014. Review. Chinese. — View Citation

Little RM. The irregularity index: a quantitative score of mandibular anterior alignment. Am J Orthod. 1975 Nov;68(5):554-63. — View Citation

Long H, Wang Y, Jian F, Liao LN, Yang X, Lai WL. Current advances in orthodontic pain. Int J Oral Sci. 2016 Jun 30;8(2):67-75. doi: 10.1038/ijos.2016.24. Review. — View Citation

Miles P. Accelerated orthodontic treatment - what's the evidence? Aust Dent J. 2017 Mar;62 Suppl 1:63-70. doi: 10.1111/adj.12477. Review. — View Citation

MOORREES CF, REED RB. Biometrics of crowding and spacing of the teeth in the mandible. Am J Phys Anthropol. 1954 Mar;12(1):77-88. — View Citation

Peck H, Peck S. An index for assessing tooth shape deviations as applied to the mandibular incisors. Am J Orthod. 1972 Apr;61(4):384-401. — View Citation

Proffit WR, Ackerman JL. Rating the characteristics of malocclusion: a systematic approach for planning treatment. Am J Orthod. 1973 Sep;64(3):258-69. — View Citation

Qamruddin I, Alam MK, Mahroof V, Fida M, Khamis MF, Husein A. Effects of low-level laser irradiation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and associated pain with self-ligating brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017 Nov;152(5):622-630. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.03.023. — View Citation

Scott P, Sherriff M, Dibiase AT, Cobourne MT. Perception of discomfort during initial orthodontic tooth alignment using a self-ligating or conventional bracket system: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Orthod. 2008 Jun;30(3):227-32. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjm131. Epub 2008 Mar 13. — View Citation

Shaughnessy T, Kantarci A, Kau CH, Skrenes D, Skrenes S, Ma D. Intraoral photobiomodulation-induced orthodontic tooth alignment: a preliminary study. BMC Oral Health. 2016 Jan 13;16:3. doi: 10.1186/s12903-015-0159-7. — View Citation

Sonesson M, De Geer E, Subraian J, Petrén S. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in accelerating tooth movement, preventing relapse and managing acute pain during orthodontic treatment in humans: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health. 2016 Jul 7;17(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0242-8. — View Citation

Üretürk SE, Saraç M, Firatli S, Can SB, Güven Y, Firatli E. The effect of low-level laser therapy on tooth movement during canine distalization. Lasers Med Sci. 2017 May;32(4):757-764. doi: 10.1007/s10103-017-2159-0. Epub 2017 Mar 14. — View Citation

Varella AM, Revankar AV, Patil AK. Low-level laser therapy increases interleukin-1ß in gingival crevicular fluid and enhances the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018 Oct;154(4):535-544.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2018.01.012. — View Citation

Yassaei S, Aghili H, Afshari JT, Bagherpour A, Eslami F. Effects of diode laser (980 nm) on orthodontic tooth movement and interleukin 6 levels in gingival crevicular fluid in female subjects. Lasers Med Sci. 2016 Dec;31(9):1751-1759. Epub 2016 Sep 28. — View Citation

* Note: There are 28 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Total relief of dental crowding	This was measured as the resolution of anterior crowding in the lower arch calculated by the difference of Little's irregularity index, the distance in millimeters between the contact points from mesial of the canine to mesial of the contralateral canine in the lower arch in the digitized models in each of the established times. Perfect alignment from the mesial aspect of the left canine to the mesial aspect of the right canine would theoretically have a score of 0, with greater crowding represented by greater displacement and thus a higher index score.	3 months
Secondary	Pain perception	by means of the visual analog scale that represents the intensity of the pain in a line from 0 to 10. At one end there is the phrase "no pain" and at the opposite end "the worst pain imaginable". A value of less than 4 on the VAS means mild or mild-moderate pain, a value between 4 and 6 implies the presence of moderate-severe pain, and a value greater than 6 implies the presence of very intense pain.	3 months