Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
Run time |
The 5 km run is performed on a 200 m long indoor track. The running time (total time and laps times) of each runner is measured by one qualified timekeeper, which does not change between trials. The time is measured to the nearest 0.1 s with manual stopwatch. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Heart rate during running |
Heart rate during the 5 km run is continuously recorded using a heart rate monitor (Polar Team Coach, Polar, Kempele, Finland). |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Rating of perceived exertion |
The subject is asked to score subjective rating of perceived exertion using the scale developed by Borg. All subjects are familiar with the Borg scale before testing. We use the scale ranging from 6 (no exertion at all) to 20 (maximal exertion). The rating of perceived exertion is scored immediately after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Blood lactate |
Blood lactate concentration is evaluated based on blood samples taken from the fingertip. An alcohol wipe is used to clean the fingertip and the skin is punctured with a lancet. The first drop is wiped away and the second drop is used. Lactate Scout+ analyzer (EKF Diagnostics, Cardiff, United Kingdom) is used for lactate sampling. Blood lactate is evaluated after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Reactive strength index |
Reactive strength index is determined in a 5 maximum hop test performed on a mobile force platform (FP8, HUR Labs, Tampere, Finland). Each subject is instructed to maximize the jump height and minimize the ground contact time. The first hop served as a countermovement jump and is excluded from the analysis. The remaining 4 hops are averaged and reported as the outcome. The reactive strength index is determined before and after the run, 1 h and 4 h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Subjective perceived muscle soreness |
Visual analogue scale (VAS) is used to assess lower limb muscle soreness. The VAS scale is a 100 mm long line marked with the numbers 0 (no pain) and 100 (worst imaginable pain). The VAS is assessed immediately, 1 h, 4h, and 24 h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Protein carbonyls |
Protein carbonyls are detected from vein blood sample which is taken from the inside of the elbow by a healthcare specialist. The blood is taken into heparinized vacuum tubes. These is then centrifugated at 1000 g. Subsequently, the blood plasma is separated into cryotubes and frozen at -80 °C until biochemical analysis. Protein carbonyls concentration is determined by ELISA method in accordance with the manufacturer´s manual (Protein Carbonyl Content Assay Kit MAK094, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, USA). Protein carbonyls are sampled before and after the run, 1 h and 4 h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Malondialdehydes |
Malondialdehydes are detected from vein blood sample which is taken from the inside of the elbow by a healthcare specialist. The blood is taken into heparinized vacuum tubes. These is then centrifugated at 1000 g. Subsequently, the blood plasma is separated into cryotubes and frozen at -80 °C until biochemical analysis. The concentration of malondialdehydes in plasma samples as lipid peroxidation products is determined using the Lipid Peroxidation Assay Kit MAK085 (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Malondialdehydes are sampled before and after the run, 1 h and 4 h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Heart rate variability - heart rate |
Heart rate (HR) is measured using the DiANS PF8 ECG device (DIMEA Group, Olomouc, Czech Republic). ECG sampling is performed during an orthoclinostatic maneuver in a calm room without acoustic and visual disturbances. HR is measured before and after the run, 1h and 4h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Heart rate variability - RMSSD |
Root mean square successive difference of RR intervals (RMSSD) is measured using the DiANS PF8 ECG device (DIMEA Group, Olomouc, Czech Republic). ECG sampling is performed during an orthoclinostatic maneuver in a calm room without acoustic and visual disturbances. RMSSD is measured before and after the run, 1h and 4h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Heart rate variability - SDNN |
Standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN) is measured using the DiANS PF8 ECG device (DIMEA Group, Olomouc, Czech Republic). ECG sampling is performed during an orthoclinostatic maneuver in a calm room without acoustic and visual disturbances. SDNN is measured before and after the run, 1h and 4h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
|
Secondary |
Heart rate variability - LF/HF |
Ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power (LF/HF) is measured using the DiANS PF8 ECG device (DIMEA Group, Olomouc, Czech Republic). ECG sampling is performed during an orthoclinostatic maneuver in a calm room without acoustic and visual disturbances. LF/HF is measured before and after the run, 1h and 4h after the run. |
Change between values before and after 7 days of crossover. |
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