Fitness and Fat Oxidation in Overweight Chinese, Indian and Malay Men

Overweight and Obesity Clinical Trial

Official title:

Differences in Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Fat Oxidation at Rest and During Exercise in Chinese, Indian and Malay Men With Elevated Body Mass Index.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05337111
• Other study ID #: 2017-T1-002-036
• Status: Completed
• Start date: July 1, 2019
• Est. completion date: July 31, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: April 2022
• Source: Nanyang Technological University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

South Asian men have lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than white men which is associated with a reduced capacity to oxidise fat during exercise. This is a risk factor for weight gain/regain. Whilst comparisons with Europeans are valuable, Asians are not a homogenous group and substantial differences in obesity and body fat partitioning exist with ethnicity. This cross-sectional pilot investigation aims to compare CRF and fat oxidation at rest and during exercise in Chinese, Indian and Malay men (from Singapore) with elevated BMI (23 -30 kg/m2). Forty-five men (15 each ethnicity) with elevated body mass index (23 -30 kg/m2) will complete testing in a fasted state on two separate mornings separated by ≥72 hours: (i) for a measure of CRF; and (ii) for a measure of fat oxidation at rest and during incremental exercise.

Description:

South Asian men have lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) than white men which is associated with a reduced capacity to oxidise fat during exercise. This is a risk factor for weight gain/regain. Whilst comparisons with Europeans are valuable, Asians are not a homogenous group and substantial differences in obesity and body fat partitioning exist with ethnicity. This cross-sectional pilot investigation aims to compare CRF and fat oxidation at rest and during exercise in Chinese, Indian and Malay men (from Singapore) with elevated BMI (23 -30 kg/m2). Forty-five men (15 each ethnicity) with elevated body mass index (23 -30 kg/m2) will complete testing in a fasted state on two separate mornings separated by ≥72 hours: (i) for a measure of CRF; and (ii) for a measure of fat oxidation at rest and during incremental exercise. A submaximal exercise test will be used to estimate CRF (maximum oxygen uptake, VO2max) during walking using a standard protocol where subjects walk on a treadmill at 5 km/h with regular increments in gradient until individuals reach 80% of their estimated maximum heart rate [220 - age (years)]. Perceived exertion will be monitored assessed periodically during the test and expired gases continuously measured via a mouthpiece attached to an automated metabolic cart (Parvomedics MMS-2400; Parvomedics, Sandy, UT). Oxygen consumption will be extrapolated to estimate VO2max based on estimated maximum heart rate. Resting fat oxidation will be determined via a 30 minute measure of expired gases under a ventilated hood attached to an automated metabolic cart. Fat oxidation during exercise will be determined via walking on a treadmill with increments in speed and gradient until the respiratory exchange ratio is ≥ 0.95. Primary outcomes will be compared among groups and adjusted for any covariates (e.g., BMI, body fat percentage) as necessary.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 45
• Est. completion date: July 31, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: March 30, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Male
• Age group: 21 Years to 45 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• male

• age 25 - <45 years

• Chinese, Indian or Malay based on self-identity for three generations (parents and grandparents)

• BMI = 23 - < 30 kg/m2 and/or waist circumference = 90 cm

• physically inactive defined as < 150 minutes moderate or < 75 minutes vigorous leisure-time physical activity per week, or the equivalent combination of both

Exclusion Criteria:

• females

• personal history of cardio-metabolic diseases

• dieting (i.e. restricting food/energy intake)

• smokers

• consuming alcohol > 3 times per week with > 3 drinks per time

• using any medications which affect carbohydrate or lipid metabolism

• any lower body injuries

• fasting blood glucose > 6.1 mmol/L

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Overweight
• Overweight and Obesity

Intervention

Other:
• Cardiorespiratory fitness test
Progressive submaximal exercise test on a treadmill to predict cardiorespiratory fitness
• Resting measure of fat oxidation
Use of ventilated hood attached to automated metabolic cart to measure substrate oxidation at rest
• Maximum fat oxidation test
Progressive exercise test to determine maximum fat oxidation during exercise

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Singapore	Human Bioenergetics Laboratory, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University	Singapore

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Nanyang Technological University	Ministry of Education, Singapore

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Singapore, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Cardiorespiratory fitness	Predicted measure of maximum oxygen uptake during exercise	1 day (Single measurement)
Primary	Resting fat oxidation	Measure of amount of fat oxidised whilst at rest in the postabsorptive (fasting) state	1 day (Single measurement)
Primary	Maximum fat oxidation (exercise)	Measure of maximum amount of fat oxidised whilst exercising in the postabsorptive state	1 day (Single measurement)