Role of Probiotic Use in Outcomes of Premature Birth

Necrotizing Enterocolitis of Newborn Clinical Trial

Official title:

Role of Probiotic Use in Outcomes of Premature Birth

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05710575
• Other study ID #: IRB/2022/920/SIMS
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: February 20, 2023
• Est. completion date: September 10, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: February 2023
• Source: University of Health Sciences Lahore
• Contact: komal khadim hussain, MBBS
• Phone: 03056714280
• Email: drkomalkhadimhussain[@]gmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Project Summary:

The prevalence of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% across 184 countries, and an estimated 15 million infants are born preterm globally. These infants with an immature immune system and gastrointestinal tract are at risk of complications of premature birth, which is the leading cause of neonatal death. According to researcher hypothesis for this study, there is role of probiotics in promoting food tolerance and reducing the incidence and severity of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) and death related to NEC in pre-term VLBW infants. In the current study, we will examine the effects of probiotics in premature infants and figure out the optimal intervention through randomized controlled trial (RCT).

A prospective, masked, randomized single blinded controlled trial will be conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Services Hospital Lahore. In this trial the treatment group will receive the probiotics during their first month of life, and the control group will receive no treatment. Primary outcome will be the incidence of death or NEC (≥ stage 2). Death is included as a primary outcome because it is a competing variable of NEC. The x2 test will be used to analyze the categorical data, along with Fisher's exact test when applicable. The Student's t test will be used for continuous data. A logistic regression model will be used to analyze the treatment effects on the primary and secondary outcome variables (death, NEC, and sepsis). Values will be expressed for mean and standard deviation. Statistical significance is set at P-value of 0.05.

The objective of this study is to confirm the evidence and to get the more reliable and authentic results regarding the more effective treatment of NEC in preterm neonates. In this way, the researcher shall be able to improve the outcome of premature births and to reduce the complications by increasing the cure rate. Similarly, it will help the researcher to improve knowledge for better management of NEC in neonates.

Description:

Despite improvement in antenatal services, preterm births have remained a common but serious problem. In recent years because of environmental factors and increase rate of in vitro fertilization, the prevalence of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% across 184 countries, and globally, the number of infants with preterm birth is around 15 million. . These infants, with immature immune system and gastrointestinal tract, are at risk of complications of premature birth, which is a leading cause of neonatal death .

Recent studies suggest that the composition of infants' gut micro biota is affected by birth weight and gestational age. Altered gut micro biota has proven to be an important factor putting infants at high risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis, which may lead to death and lifelong physical impairment. It is evident that early probiotic supplementation may benefit premature infants by improving their gastrointestinal tolerance against potential pathogens and regulating the altered gut micro biota to resemble that of a term healthy infant.

Probiotic with or without prebiotic supplementation is a practicable method among nutrition interventions and may support gut micro biota colonization growth, and long-term neurologic development in premature infants. Probiotic supplements in formula may regulate the stability and composition of premature infants' gut microbiota. Recent studies and meta-analyses suggest that probiotic intervention has some positive effects on premature infants, especially in reducing the mortality and morbidity of NEC and sepsis. Deshpande et al. showed that probiotics could reduce the risk of late-onset sepsis and NEC when Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus was part of the supplementation through a subgroup analysis in pairwise meta-analysis, but the result was restricted to low- and middle-income countries. However, previous pairwise meta-analysis only focused on efficacy but could not find the most effective intervention method. It is suggested that there are different effects when different strains or combinations are used.

As numerous strains and preparations, including multi strains without given reasons, have been used in relevant trials, probiotic usage in infants needs to be regulated by more evidence. Previously published network meta-analyses in which authors compare the effect of different strains also have several shortcomings in their methodology or design. Thus, the authors of these studies did not point out which strain is an optimum option for infants' health and failed to provide powerful evidence for clinical use of probiotics. In the current study, the researchers will examine the effect of probiotics in premature infants and will figured out the optimal intervention through randomized controlled trial (RCT).

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 100
• Est. completion date: September 10, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: June 10, 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 28 Weeks to 36 Weeks

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Premature infants with gestational age of more than 28 weeks and less than 36 weeks

• Birth weight of 1000 - 2500 grams

• Admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Pediatric Medicine Unit II, Services hospital Lahore

• With intestinal feeding.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Infants with major congenital malformations (including congenital heart disease, gastrointestinal obstruction, gastroschisis, etc.)

• Congenital metabolic errors hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) of grade two or more according to Sarnat scoring system (Gordon et al., 2020)

• Death in the first 72 hours of life

• Newborns of addicted mothers

• Postpartum age more than two weeks

• Parental unacceptance

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Enterocolitis
• Enterocolitis, Necrotizing
• Necrotizing Enterocolitis of Newborn
• Premature Birth

Intervention

Biological:
• probiotic
Probiotic or placebo administration will be started from the first feed of the infants. Infants in the probiotic group will receive five drops of oil-based suspension containing 1×108 colony-forming units of L reuteri (DSM 17938 Biogaia AB, Stockholm, Sweden) once a day, until death or discharge from the hospital. For infants on oral feeds, after suctioning oral secretions, five drops will be placed in the posterior oropharynx of the infants. For infants without per oral feeds, five drops will be administered through a gastric tube followed by a flash of 0.5 mL of sterile water. For the infants in the placebo group, five drops from an identical vial containing only oil base will be administered following the same protocol as the probiotic group.

Other:
• placebo
Probiotic or placebo administration will be started from the first feed of the infants. Infants in the probiotic group will receive five drops of oil-based suspension containing 1×108 colony-forming units of L reuteri (DSM 17938 Biogaia AB, Stockholm, Sweden) once a day, until death or discharge from the hospital. For infants on oral feeds, after suctioning oral secretions, five drops will be placed in the posterior oropharynx of the infants. For infants without per oral feeds, five drops will be administered through a gastric tube followed by a flash of 0.5 mL of sterile water. For the infants in the placebo group, five drops from an identical vial containing only oil base will be administered following the same protocol as the probiotic group.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Pakistan	services hospital Pakistan	Lahore	Punjab

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Health Sciences Lahore	Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Pakistan

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Pakistan, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	number of participants who develop necrotizing enterocolitis	necrotizing enterocolitis will be stage according to bell's staging	1 month
Primary	number of participants with prolonged hospital stay	length of hospital stay from day of admission to day of discharge according to medical records	1 month
Secondary	number of participants with culture proven sepsis	culture proven sepsis in premature infants after taking probiotics	1 month
Secondary	number of participants with feeding intolerance	premature infants unable to take feed and at what time infants achieve fll enteral feed	1 month