Uncontrolled Insulin-treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Trial
Official title:
Modulating Effects of Oil Palm Phenolics in Uncontrolled Insulin-treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Study reported that providing Oil Palm Phenolics to Nile rats blocked diabetes progression in this spontaneous diabetes model. The present study aims to determine the beneficial effects of Oil Palm Phenolics in uncontrolled insulin treated type 2 diabetic patients.
Recent studies suggest the potential of polyphenols as a supplementary treatment for
diabetes mellitus owing to their biological properties. Polyphenols are natural
phytochemical compounds found in fruits and vegetables. The most common group of phenolic
compounds in our diet are phenolic acids and flavonoids. The two main classes are
hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives.
The potential efficacy of polyphenols on glucose homeostasis and carbohydrate metabolism is
being aggressively investigated in in vitro, animal models and clinical trials. The
anti-hyperglycemic property of polyphenols is mainly contributed by the reduction of dietary
carbohydrate absorption through intestines, improvement of β-cell function and insulin
action, stimulation of insulin secretion, modulation of the enzymes involved in glucose
metabolism, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.
The key enzymes responsible for the digestion of dietary carbohydrates to glucose are
α-glucosidase and α-amylase. One of the most well-known properties of polyphenols especially
phenolic acids on carbohydrate metabolism is the inhibition of these enzymes. Some
investigations have shown that polyphenols are also able to regulate postprandial glycemia
and inhibit the development of glucose intolerance by a facilitated insulin response and
increased secretion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagonlike
polypeptide-1 (GLP-1).
The current study focuses on the glucose-controlling properties of phenolic compounds
extracted from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), a high oil-producing tropical plant that also
rich in phytochemicals. The major phenolic components in OPP are identified as
caffeoylshikimic acid, protocatechuic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. OPP has been found to
exert various positive health effects parallel to the well-established physiological
benefits of polyphenols. It has been shown that OPP protects against early type 2 diabetes
and encouraging results suggest its role in modulating the development of diabetes. The
current study aims to investigate and determine the effects of oil palm phenolics (OPP) on
the blood glucose control in patients with uncontrolled insulin treated type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
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