Pembrolizumab and Chemotherapy Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant of NSCLC

Stage IIIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Trial

Official title: Single Cell Analysis of CXCL13+PD1+ CD8 T Cell in Association With Resistance to Pembrolizumab and Chemotherapy Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant of NSCLC

Status Recruiting

Clinical Trial Summary

This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy following by pembrolizumab adjuvant in stage IIA-IIIB (N2) NSCLC participants without sensitizing EGFR/ALK mutation. The study will also investigate the role of CXCL13+PD1+ CD8 T cells in association with pathological response / resistance to neoadjuvant immunotherapy by comparing the proportion of CXCL13+PD1+ CD8 T cells in all CD8 T cells in post-treatment (surgical sample) between MPR group and non-MPR group.

Clinical Trial Description

Lung cancer is still the world's leading cancer in terms of mortality. Although the early screening of lung cancer has made great achievements, for example, many lung cancer patients were already in the middle and late stage of lung cancer when they were diagnosed. The majority of patients with resected Stage II and IIIA NSCLC are destined to suffer tumor recurrence despite the administration of standard adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy. In recent years, neoadjuvant immunotherapy based on PD-1 receptor has provided new opportunities for surgery of locally advanced NSCLC, including the positive results from KEYNOTE-671 and KEYNOTE-091 study. However the mechanism of immunotherapy response and resistance are still less understood. CXCL13+ PD1+ CD8 T cells demonstrate an exhausted phenotype and have been proposed as a surrogate of tumor antigen-specific T cell, a key subset of tumor-infiltrating immune cells that have successfully recognized and killed tumor cells but kept from continued functioning by immune checkpoints including PD-L1. Research on T cell exhaustion in chronic viral infection has also suggested that T cell exhaustion is a result of chronic antigen stimulation, corroborating with the notion that exhausted T cells inside the tumor microenvironment represents successful tumor immune recognition Therefore, in this study, we hypothesize that patients with resectable stage IIA-ⅢB(N2) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without sensitizing EGFR/ALK mutation could benefit from pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy. Based on the single cell analysis of the pre-treatment and post-treatment samples, we hypothesize that lack of CXCL13+PD1+ T cells is one of the major resistance mechanisms of PD1/PD-L1 blockade. ;

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
• Lung Neoplasms
• Stage IIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
• Stage IIB Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
• Stage IIIA Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

• NCT number: NCT05894889
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: Peking University
• Contact: Zemin Zhang, PhD
• Phone: +86 18201293339
• Email: zemin@pku.edu.cn
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• Start date: January 30, 2024
• Completion date: August 1, 2027