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Filter by:There is a well established link between physical inactivity and increased mortality in the general population and across many of the more common disease areas including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patients with CKD have very high levels of morbidity and mortality and are known to have low fitness levels. Randomised controlled trials of exercise have demonstrated the benefits of physical activity for CKD patients. Despite this, physical activity levels remain low and translating these research findings into clinical practice is challenging. This feasibility study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an instructor led structured exercise programme which includes an educational component to engage and increase physical activity levels in haemodialysis patients attending the Oxford University Hospitals Trust haemodialysis unit. Consented participants will fill in a self reported physical activity questionnaire (Human Activity Profile), partake in functional mobility assessments including (Timed-Up and Go) and a chair based exercise programme. At the end of the study, participants, and nursing staff will undertake a semi-structured interview aimed at understanding acceptability of the intervention. The results of this feasibility study will then be used to inform whether a larger trial in haemodialysis patients is feasible. All questionnaires, physical activity interventions and interviews will be undertaken during routine visits to the haemodialysis unit.
The aim of this study is to assess how the use of a breathing tube (Supraglottic Airway Device) can affect the function of the jaw joint (Temporomandibular joint) movement. This type of breathing tube is used for nearly 60% of general anaesthetics. To facilitate insertion of this breathing tube, assisted mouth opening and forward movement of the jaw are required. These movements occur at the jaw joint (temporomandibular joint). In addition, for the duration of the operation the mouth is kept slightly open by a breathing tube. There are a few case reports in the literature suggesting minor effect on the jaw joint. Therefore, we wish to study this further by evaluating the function of the jaw joint, 4 to 24 hours after the operation.
Study BT200-01 is a first in human (FIH) study in male and female normal human volunteers (NHVs) that uses an Integrated Protocol Design. This Phase 1 study will comprise 4 sub-parts: Part A, a single ascending dose (SAD) study; Part B, a multiple ascending dose (MAD) study; Part C, a desmopressin challenge study to explore (i) whether desmopressin could be used as an antidote, and/or (ii) whether desmopressin stimulated vonWillebrand Factor (VWF) release is overcome with increasing BT200 doses; and Part D, a relative bioavailability (BA) study. The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety and tolerability profile of BT200 in NHVs.
This study is a randomized double-blind clinical trial that intends to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LGG administration at two different doses, for 1 month, in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients with mild-moderate disease activity in therapy with oral mesalamine. Efficacy of therapy will be evaluated by clinical (Clinical Mayo score, quality of life assessment), endoscopic (Endoscopic Mayo score), histological, biochemical (white cell count, C-reactive protein), and molecular (mucosal colonization of the bacteria, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines measurement) parameters. UC patients with mild-moderately active disease despite oral treatment with mesalamine will be assessed at baseline for clinical, endoscopic, histologic inflammatory activity. After a wash-out period of 4 weeks of mesalamine, patients will be randomized to assume a regular (LGG 1.2 × 10^10 Colony Forming Units (CFU)/day, 2 capsules a day) or a double (LGG 2.4 × 10^10 CFU/day, 4 capsules a day) dose of LGG for 1 month. At the end of the treatment, clinical, endoscopic, and histologic inflammatory activity will be evaluated and compared to pre-treatment data. Adhesion and molecular effect of LGG will be also evaluated. Safety will be assessed by weekly phone calls and with direct physical examination at the end of the study period.
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is essential to treat acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. However, facial pressure ulcers appearing during facemask-delivered noninvasive ventilation are a source of NIV failure by interface intolerance. A Philips facemask (model : AF541 SE Oro-Nasal mask) has the particularity to display two options for its positioning : a usually used "over-the-nose" positioning or an "under-the-nose" positioning that is supposed to reduce the incidence of facial pressure ulcers while keeping in the same time the qualities of a standard facemask. The goal of this controlled randomized trial is to test the hypothesis that the "under-the-nose" positioning actually reduces the incidence of facial pressure ulcers, compared to the usually used "over-the-nose" positioning. Results of this trial should lead to the proposition of a new interface strategy to prevent facial pressure ulcers and therefore to improve the tolerance of NIV via the use of facemasks displaying an "under-the-nose" positioning.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible application of metabolomics to identify follicular fluid changes in cancer patients undergoing fertility preservation. Although metabolomics have been applied already in cancer studies, this is the first application on follicular fluid of cancer patients. Methods: The investigators selected for the study 10 patients with breast cancer and lymphoma who resorted to oocyte cryopreservation to preserve fertility and 10 healthy women undergoing in vitro fertilization treatments. Follicular fluid was collected at the time of oocytes retrieval. Metabolomic analysis of follicular fluids was performed by 1H NMR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate analysis to interpret the spectral data. Univariate statistical analysis was applied to find correlations between patients' features and metabolites identified by NMR.
Upper extremity motor impairment is one of the major sequelae of stroke, resulting in limitation of activities of daily livings. Noninvasive neuromodulation is one of the therapies for motor recovery, which includes transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS). Anodal tDCS increases excitability and cathodal tDCS decreases excitability of neurons. In systematic reviews, tDCS applied over primary motor cortex showed positive results on motor learning and improvements of hand fine motors. Recently, there has been trials of tDCS over cerebellum, considering the connectivity of primary motor cortex and cerebellum in motor controls. However, the results of these trials are yet contradictory, and the study using the functional near infrared spectroscopy to prove the effects of tDCS over distant area is lacking. Therefore, in this study, we used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to observe the hemodynamic change of primary motor cortex when applying tDCS over cerebellum ascertain their connectivity. In this crossover design, participants are randomly allocated to "sham tDCS-washout period-anodal tDCS group" or "anodal tDCS- washout period- sham tDCS group". The recording of fNIRS starts 3 minutes before the tDCS stimulation and continues throughout 20 minutes of stimulation, until 30 minutes after the stimulation cessation. After 7 days of washout period, second recording is done as the same protocol. Outcome measures are the changes of concentration of deoxyhemoglobin [deoxy-Hb] and oxyhemoglobin [oxy-Hb].
This study aims to compare between 4 and 7 points blood glucose monitoring in women with gestational diabetes on diet modification.
Aim: To investigate the possible immune modulatory effects of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) on respiratory immunity in patients with allergic asthma (AA). Background: Allergic sensitization to aeroallergens is a common co-morbidity in asthma that is associated with more frequent and severe asthma attacks. The investigators have recently shown that patients with allergic asthma also have an increased risk of pneumonia, and hence allergy in asthma may be associated with a relative respiratory immunodeficiency. However, the increased risk was obliterated in patients treated with AIT. Methods: Patients with asthma sensitized to house-dust mite (HDM) is enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of HDM-AIT. Patients will be scheduled for 9 visits through 8 months including, randomization to 6 months of treatment with either HDM-AIT (Acarizax/Odactra) or placebo. Primary interferons (IFN) type I and III will be investigated in human bronchial epithelial cells as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes such as: Inflammatory cytokines, immunologic phenotype and immunohistochemistry will be investigated in bronchial biopsies, blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, sputum and HDM-patch biopsies as well as a thorough respiratory and allergic evaluation. Expected outcomes: The investigators expect that, patients with AA have 1) decreased production of anti-viral type I and III IFN and that AIT increases these measures. 2) Anti-bacterial response is reduced through IL12, ß-defensin and IFN-γ and that AIT increases these measures. 3) Lastly, the investigators expect that T-cell response is dysregulated (Th1↓1/Th2↑) in patients with AA and that these findings are modulated in an immuno-protective direction after AIT. Perspectives: This project will expand our understanding of the clinical significance of allergy in asthma in a completely novel direction and show how AIT may modulate the immune response to prevent infections.
To determine the Effect of multiple instrumentation regarding bacterial contamination in transportal and transtibial techniques in ACL reconstruction .A Randomized controlled study