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Filter by:Due to remarkable advances in cancer treatments, the investigators are witnessing a growing population of long-term survivors of childhood malignancies. However, fertility in adult life may be severely impaired by gonadotoxic therapies. Since prepubertal boys cannot produce spermatozoa, banking of testicular tissue prior to gonadotoxic treatment is a crucial step towards fertility preservation for this population. Several centers around the world are now cryopreserving testicular tissue for prepubertal boys in anticipation that future technologies will allow the utilization of the banked samples for fertility restoration. Testicular tissue cryopreservation has now emerged as the leading strategy for fertility preservation in prepubertal boys before gonadotoxic treatments. Fertility restoration can theoretically be obtained after allo-transplantation of testicular tissue fragments that preserve both the SSCs and the supporting microenvironment (spermatogonial stem-cell niche).
This adaptive seamless Phase II/III trial is to compare the efficacy and safety of adjuvant systemic chemotherapy (SCT) with or without hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) after complete hepatic resection for Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
The purpose of the study is to describe the molecular mechanisms related to an increased visceral fat mass and changed T-cell homeostasis. the project is expected to add new knowledge to the field of metabolic diseases after menopause and increase the focus of how lipid affects the development of metabolic disease in relation to the menopausal transition.
Countless studies are performed to quantify the severity of heart disease and its influence on the respiratory system, checking that their heart conditions and the surgical process determine pulmonary complications, one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery . After surgical procedures, there is a reduction of the residual volume (RV), total lung capacity (TLC), vital capacity (VC) and functional residual capacity (FRC), leading to the formation of atelectasis, with alterations in the ventilation-perfusion ( V / Q), the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO 2). Pulmonary function is impaired in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery, due to various factors common to this major surgery that will drive the patient to develop respiratory complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. Physical therapy plays an important role in the treatment of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, both in the preoperative period and postoperative, in order to prevent or minimize the respiratory complications. Follow-up studies on cardiac rehabilitation quantify the quality of all the activities necessary to ensure to patients with heart disease patients the best physical , mental and social conditions so that consequently they are able , with its effort to regain a normal position in the community and lead a active and productive life over time, therefore, the clinical changes resulting from an extensive cardiac surgery are already highly dedicated described in literature but which daily life factors or rehabilitation interventions that the patient will take in the late postoperative period that really assisted in his complete recovery and inclusion into society they are still not well elucidated , so it is appropriate to carry out this project due to the fact exposed to up. The project to be developed whose main justification clarify issues related to the return or preservation of the individual feature that undergoes extensive cardiac procedure , as well as incidence of mortality after 12 months of the procedure. The current literature does not expressed clearly, possible impacts on functionality and return the daily activities of the individual in the late postoperative period , since such malfunctions in the immediate post operative period are already fully understood.
Title: A Prospective Household observational cohort study of Influenza, Respiratory Syncytial virus and other respiratory pathogens community burden and Transmission dynamics in South Africa (The PHIRST Study) This study will improve understanding of the community burden of influenza, RSV, pertussis, tuberculosis and pneumococcal infection in South Africa. It will also provide data on the carriage prevalence of meningococcus and diphtheria. The data generated from this study will also provide important information on the transmission dynamics of influenza, RSV, pertussis and pneumococcus in the community allowing to better strategize interventions (including targeted vaccination strategies) and evaluate their potential impact. Moreover, there is an absence of prospective data on tuberculosis infection from high tuberculosis burden countries. The data generated will both inform modelling of transmission, sample size for prevention studies and surveillance assessing the impact of the National Tuberculosis Control Program.
To see if there is a relationship between the level of LIF in IUGR fetuses and compared to the level of LIF in AGA fetuses
The main objective of this study is to reach 80% circumcised men in a random sample of men living in the township of Orange Farm (South Africa).
This study evaluates the current situation and follow-up of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Andalusia.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF) are two epidemics that share several physiopathological links. CHF patients present a significantly increased risk of developing AF and the related detrimental hemodynamic effects are even more relevant than in patients without CHF. Within CHF patients rate control is the most widely used strategy to manage AF, having proved non-inferior to rhythm control strategies. However, by this strategy, the hemodynamic effects of AF persist, not contrasting the natural evolution towards progressive left ventricular (LV) function, cardiac output , and symptoms worsening. Rhythm control strategy, instead, has shown, in the general population, advantages over rate control concerning survival, quality of life and thromboembolic events. The main limitation is that antiarrhythmic therapy used to achieve this goal has several side effects, and that transcatheter AF ablation has been assessed only in modest sample size studies. Available literature focusing on a direct comparison between two specific management strategies in patients with CHF and AF is limited to a small randomized study comparing pulmonary veins isolation to AV node ablation and biventricular PM implantation (PABA-CHF study). Additional indirect evidences may derive from meta-analyses of observational studies. The investigators therefore designed this multicenter, randomized controlled trial aiming to assess if, in recently diagnosed (less than 6 months) and optimally treated CHF patients with impaired LV function, AF catheter ablation is effective in improving LV function and clinical functional class, potentially driving to a reduction of device implantations (ICD/CRTs).
During embryonic development, there are several cytokines such as: LIF (Leukemia inhibitory factor), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), epidermal growth factor family (EGF), neuregulin 1 (NRG1) and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) that were found are associated with neurogenesis and differentiation of brain cells. LIF is a cytokine that is essential for the development of the central nervous system, and has recently been shown in rats that maternal LIF stimulates placental ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) that in turn promotes secretion of fetal LIF from nRBC (nucleated red blood cell ), which in turn promotes brain development of the fetus In other studies on rats a theory was proposed that LPS (lipopolysaccharide) and infection during pregnancy influence the normal development of the brain and may cause brain damage by altering placental ACTH thank in turn alters LIF secretion in the embryo which could be the cause of brain damage. Our hypothesis is that by treating the mother with Magnesium Sulphate we can protect the embryo's brain in one of two ways: 1. Altering Placental ACTH 2. Altering the number of receptors for LIF in the brain Women who are at risk for preterm labor prior to 32 weeks of gestation are treated with Magnesium Sulphate for neuroprotection, randomized controlled studies showed that if these women are treated in the 24 hours prior to labor with magnesium sulphate the risk for cerebral palsy and other severe motor problems are decreased. The mechanism for this decrease is unknown and that is the purpose of our study. The purpose of our research is to examine maternal LIF levels prior to birth and Maternal and cord levels after delivery and to see if levels are different if the mother was treated with Magnesium Sulphate. We will also check the placental ACTH level