| Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria:
- BMI = 28 kg/m2, meeting the indications for surgical weight loss surgery (gastrectomy)
- Normal glucose tolerance group: HbA1c = 5.6%; = 6 cases aged 24 years or above
- IGT patients: 5.7% = HbA1c = 6.4%; = 12 cases aged 24 years or above
- T2DM patients: Subjects with HbA1c = 6.4% or HbA1c well controlled by medication can
be diagnosed as T2DM based on self-reported or fasting/postprandial blood glucose
diagnosis; = 12 cases aged 24 years and above.
- Between the ages of 16 and 65 (inclusive), with no less than one-third of either
gender
- The subjects understand the content of the informed consent form and voluntarily sign
it, which allows them to maintain good communication with the researchers and comply
with the requirements of the clinical trial
Exclusion Criteria:
- Type I diabetes patients (autoimmune diabetes patients with T1DM antibody)
- Suffering from special types of diabetes, including cortisolism, growth hormone tumor,
glucagon tumor and diabetes caused by some genetic factors
- Significant weight loss occurred before enrollment (>3% weight loss in the first 3
months)
- Participated in other research projects as a subject within 6 months prior to
screening
- Donate or lose = 400 mL of blood within 8 weeks prior to screening
- Regular use (cumulative use for 3 months in the past 12 months) or treatment with
corticosteroids, contraceptives, thiazide diuretics, and quinolone antibiotics in the
past two months
- Regular use (cumulative use for 3 months in the past 12 months) or treatment with anti
obesity drugs in the past two months
- The following hypoglycemic drugs have been used routinely (for 3 months accumulatively
in the past 12 months) or in the past two months: sulfonylureas (glibenclamide,
glipizide, gliclazide, gliquidone, glimepiride, etc.), non sulfonylureas (repaglinide,
nateglinide, migglinide, etc.), GLP-1 receptor agonists (exenatide, lilalutide, etc.)
DPP-4 inhibitors (sigliptin, alogliptin, vildagliptin, shagliptin, linagliptin, etc.)
or glucokinase agonists (doegliptin, etc.)
- Contraindications to magnetic resonance imaging
- The risk of complications significantly increases during the perioperative or
postoperative period
- Those with a history of other weight loss surgeries
- Individuals with a history of cardiovascular surgery and severe cardiovascular and
pulmonary diseases: including stroke, severe coronary heart disease, arrhythmia,
unstable angina, myocardial infarction within 6 months, peripheral vascular disease,
heart failure, and uncontrolled hypertension
- Clinically significant history of ECG abnormalities or family history of long QT
syndrome (grandparents, parents, brothers and sisters)
- People with a history of kidney disease: have a history or evidence of renal
insufficiency, manifested as clinically significant creatinine abnormalities or
urinary composition abnormalities (such as tubular abnormalities), or eGFR<60
ml/min/1.73m2
- Patients with a history of gastrointestinal surgery (excluding appendectomy and
cholecystectomy), inflammatory bowel disease, esophageal disease, including severe
refractory esophagitis, Barrett's disease, esophageal motility disorders, or other
gastric motility impairments, or those with esophageal hiatal hernia>3cm in size,
chronic or acute bleeding, including peptic ulcer disease, portal hypertension
(gastric or esophageal varices), chronic pancreatitis or cirrhosis
- Individuals with a history of eating disorders or mental illness
- Individuals with a history of infectious diseases are excluded if they have any of the
following: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies, hepatitis B surface antigen
(HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies, or those who have tested positive for
syphilis
- Smokers, those who smoke more than 10 cigarettes or equivalent amounts of tobacco per
day and cannot stop smoking during the trial period
- There is a history of drug or alcohol abuse within the 12 months prior to the trial,
or evidence of such abuse is found during laboratory examinations during the screening
period evaluation
- Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to conceive and are unwilling to
use contraception during the trial period
- Malignant tumor patients
- The researcher believes that it is not suitable for participants in the experiment
- For different types of subjects, additional exclusion criteria: obese patients with
normal glucose tolerance: fasting blood glucose = 7.0 mmol/L or = 3.9 mmol/L
(excluding diabetes and hypoglycemia)
- Obese patients before glucose: fasting blood glucose = 7.0 mmol/L or = 3.9 mmol/L
(excluding diabetes and hypoglycemia)
- Obese T2DM patients: Fasting blood glucose = 3.9 mmol/L (excluding those with
hypoglycemia)
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