| Eligibility |
Inclusion Criteria For Healthy Volunteers (Part 1)
1. Female or male
2. Age between 19 and 65 years
3. BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m²
4. Good general and mental health state without clinically significant abnormalities in
medical history, confirmed by physical examination
5. Female subjects who are heterosexually active and of childbearing potential (e.g., not
surgically sterile at least 6 months prior to first dose or naturally postmenopausal
for at least 1 year prior to the first dose) must have been using one of the following
forms of contraception and agree to continue using it through completion of the study:
1. hormonal (e.g., oral, vaginal ring, transdermal patch, implant, injection)
consistently for at least 3 months prior to first dose,
2. double barrier (i.e., condom with spermicide or diaphragm with spermicide)
consistently for at least 2 weeks prior to first dose,
3. intrauterine device for at least 3 months prior to first dose, exclusive partner
who has been vasectomized for at least 6 months (inclusive) prior to first dose.
Female subjects of childbearing potential who are not currently engaging in
heterosexual intercourse must agree to use one of the above methods of birth
control, in the event that they have heterosexual intercourse during the course
of the study (and until the final study visit) :
Female subjects who are of non-childbearing potential must have undergone one of
the following sterilization procedures at least 6 months prior to first dose:
4. hysteroscopic sterilization;
5. bilateral tubal ligation or bilateral salpingectomy;
6. hysterectomy;
7. bilateral oophorectomy;
8. Transcervical sterilization or tubal occlusion (e.g., Essure® implantation)
9. Be postmenopausal with amenorrhea for at least 1 year prior to first dose and FSH
levels consistent with postmenopausal status as per the Investigator's judgment.
6. Stable body weight for at least 3 months (fluctuation of less than 5% and no more than
4 kg)
7. Agrees to keep food, drink, physical activities and alcohol consumption habits
unchanged throughout the study
8. Willing and able to comply with the protocol procedures, including feces processing.
Inclusion Criteria for Overweight/Obese patients (Part 2)
1. Female or male
2. Age between 19 and 65 years, included.
3. BMI between 25 and 35 kg/m², included
4. Waist circumference > 94 cm for male (>90 cm for male of South-East Asian, Chinese and
Japanese ethnic groups based on self reported ethnicity) and > 80 cm for female
5. With at least ONE of the following untreated metabolic disorders related conditions:
- Triglycerides levels = 1.5 g/L (1.71 mmol/L)
- HDL cholesterol levels <0.40 g/L (1.03 mmol/L) for male and <0.5 g/l (1.29
mmol/L) for female,
- Fasting plasma glucose =1 g/L (5.6 mmol/L)
6. Female subjects who are heterosexually active and of childbearing potential (e.g., not
surgically sterile at least 6 months prior to first dose or naturally postmenopausal
for at least 1 year prior to the first dose) must have been using one of the following
forms of contraception and agree to continue using it through completion of the study:
1. hormonal (e.g., oral, vaginal ring, transdermal patch, implant, injection)
consistently for at least 3 months prior to first dose,
2. double barrier (i.e., condom with spermicide or diaphragm with spermicide)
consistently for at least 2 weeks prior to first dose,
3. intrauterine device for at least 3 months prior to first dose, exclusive partner
who has been vasectomized for at least 6 months (inclusive) prior to first dose.
Female subjects of childbearing potential who are not currently engaging in
heterosexual intercourse must agree to use one of the above methods of birth
control, in the event that they have heterosexual intercourse during the course
of the study (until the final study visit) :
Female subjects who are of non-childbearing potential must have undergone one of
the following sterilization procedures at least 6 months prior to first dose:
4. hysteroscopic sterilization;
5. bilateral tubal ligation or bilateral salpingectomy;
6. hysterectomy;
7. bilateral oophorectomy;
8. Transcervical sterilization or tubal occlusion (e.g., Essure® implantation)
9. Be postmenopausal with amenorrhea for at least 1 year prior to first dose and FSH
levels consistent with postmenopausal status as per the Investigator's judgment.
7. Stable body weight for at least 3 months (fluctuation of less than 5% and no more than
4 kg)
8. Agrees to keep food, drink, physical activity and alcohol consumption habits unchanged
throughout the study Willing and able to comply with the protocol procedures,
including feces processing.
An individual fulfilling ANY of the following criteria should be excluded from study
enrollment:
Exclusion Criteria for Healthy volunteers, Overweight and Obese patients (Part 1 and Part
2)
1. Simultaneous participation in other clinical trials or previous participation within
30 days before randomization
2. Any clinically confirmed congenital or acquired metabolic disorder incompatible with
the conduct of the study by the investigator's opinion (including but not limited to:
diabetes, hypothyroidism, familial hypercholesterolemia, etc.) Subjects with
hypothyroidism on a stable dose of levothyroxine for at least 3 months and with a TSH
in the normal range at screening may participate.
3. Clinically significant cardiac, inflammatory, renal, gastrointestinal or
cerebrovascular disorder, as judged by the investigator.
4. Blood Pressure of =140/90 mmHg, Oral Temperature of =37.8°C, Pulse Rate of =100 bpm,
at screening after 5 minutes of rest in the supine position. All screened subject with
a blood pressure of =140/90 mmHg will be referred to their primary care physician.
5. Medical history of any type of cancer except for squamous cell or basal cell skin
carcinoma or uterine cervix carcinoma in situ treated surgically by local excision at
least twenty-four weeks (6 months) prior to enrollment
6. Major surgical procedure within the last 6 months or planned during the study
7. Any history of Bariatric surgery
8. Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the investigational product or its
excipients (Xla1 or placebo)
9. Genetic obesity, i.e. obesity secondary to a genetic or medical condition, such as
polycystic ovarian syndrome, hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, growth hormone
deficiency, insulinoma, hypothalamic disorders (e.g., Froelich syndrome, Bardet-Biedl
syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome), or use of any medication known to impact body weight
within the last 6 months(e.g., antipsychotics).
10. Clinically significant laboratory abnormalities as judged by the investigstor
11. Patients with known positive serology for Human Immunodeficiency Virus - 1 or 2,
Hepatitis B Virus or Hepatitis C Virus
12. Pregnant or lactating women
13. Concomitant treatment or medical history of treatment (in the last 6 months prior to
enrollment) with drugs considered as acting on body weight such as:
- Anticonvulsants
- Anti-HIV therapy
- Anti-TNFa
- Anticoagulants
- FDA-approved obesity medications :
Phentermine (Adipex, Suprenza) Diethylpropion (Tenuate) Phendimetrazine (Bontril PDM)
Benzphetamine (Regimex Didrex) Orlistat (Xenical) Phentermine/Topiramate (Qysmia)
Liraglutide (Saxenda) Naltrexone-bupropion (Contrave)
14. Concomitant treatment or medical history of treatment (in the last 2 months prior to
enrollment) with agents acting on gastrointestinal mobility (laxatives) irrespectively
to the mode of action, antibiotics (oral, IM, IV)
15. Less than 3 months from initiation of hormonal contraception, i.e. birth control
pills, the contraceptive patch, vaginal ring, contraceptive implant, sustained release
injectable hormone therapy, and hormonal intrauterine devices
16. Significant changes in food habits or in physical activity within the last 6 months
prior to enrollment
17. Medical or personal history of eating disorder
18. Consumption of more than 3 standard drinks of alcoholic beverage daily for men or 2
standard drinks daily for women (one drink is defined as 5 ounces (150 mL) of wine or
12 ounces (360 mL) of beer or 1.5 ounces (45 mL) of strong alcohol)
19. Patients with a recent history (less than 2 years) of chronic excessive alcohol
consumption (=20g/daily) or clinical indication of alcohol abuse and dependence
20. Recreational drugs consumption and/or substance use disorder within the past two years
21. Current or former smokers, electronic cigarette smokers or users of any nicotine-based
products (including Nicotine Replacement Therapy) for the period of 3 months prior to
enrollment
22. Person under legal protection (guardianship, wardship) or deprived from his/her rights
following administrative or judicial decision
23. Presenting a psychological or linguistic incapability to sign the informed consent
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