Intestinal Permeability in Obesity — LEAKY GUT  

Obesity Clinical Trial

Official title: Intestinal Permeability in Obesity of Intercellular Tight Junctions to Metabolic Complications

Status Terminated

Clinical Trial Summary

In rodents, obesity is associated with changes in tight junctions' structure in small intestine, which impacts intestinal permeability and results in metabolic complications. Few data exist in human. We hypothesized that intestinal permeability is altered in obese subjects in comparison to lean subjects, linked to metabolic and inflammatory status and that these alterations are modified after gastric bypass.

Clinical Trial Description

The regulation of the permeability of the intestinal barrier is essential in the molecular traffic between the lumen and the internal environment. It affects the absorption of nutrients and tolerance or immunization against foodborne non-self antigens that penetrate the barrier. In rodents, increased endotoxemia has been proposed as an important player in low-grade inflammation accompanying the development of obesity and metabolic disorders. In humans, the intestinal barrier function is altered in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and celiac disease). The term "leaky gut" is used to describe a porous intestine with hyper-permeability associated with acute or chronic inflammatory diseases such as "systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),"acute inflammatory bowel disease (IBD for "inflammatory bowel disease").

Deficiencies of the barrier are also observed in extra-intestinal diseases (type-1 diabetes, food allergies, and autoimmune diseases). Impairments in tight junctions may precede clinical signs and constitute a risk factor for developing diseases or secondarily be altered and cause an increased entry of undesirable bacterial or nutritional antigens. The state of the intercellular tight junctions of the intestine controls the diffusion of molecules between cells. A deficiency of the intestinal barrier function is often associated with structural changes in the tight junctions resulting from loss of localization of protein or expression of genes and / or cellular signals such as ZO-1, occludin or tricellulin.

There are few studies about the condition of the intestinal barrier in the context of human obesity.

The objectives of our study are to :

• compare intestinal permeability in obese subjects with non obese subjects and after gastric bypass.

• search links between intestinal permeability and 1) metabolic and inflammatory bioclinical parameters 2) dietary profiles 3) microbiota ;

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Body Weight
• Metabolic Diseases
• Nutrition Disorders
• Obesity

• NCT number: NCT02292121
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
• Status: Terminated
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: February 24, 2014
• Completion date: March 17, 2016