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Nicotine Addiction clinical trials

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NCT ID: NCT01830842 Completed - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

Acute and Chronic Nicotine Modulation of Reinforcement Learning

NicLearning
Start date: February 2014
Phase: N/A
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this study is to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the acute and chronic effects of nicotine on motivational behavior and prediction error-related neural activation. Nonsmokers (n = 24) and smokers (n = 24) will undergo fMRI scans on two separate occasions while performing a decision-making task that will elicit prediction error signals in the mesocorticolimbic pathway of the brain. Nonsmokers will be scanned once following an acute dose of nicotine and once following placebo administration. Smokers will be scanned once following smoking as usual and once following 24-hours of smoking abstinence, in order to measure the effects of nicotine withdrawal. The study team hypothesizes that acute nicotine will increase the prediction error signal in nonsmokers compared to placebo, and that nicotine withdrawal will decrease the prediction error signal in smokers compared to the normal satiated condition. Furthermore, nonsmokers (during the placebo condition) will have greater prediction error activation than smokers (during the satiated condition). The results of this study will inform whether the initiation and maintenance of smoking behavior could be facilitated by the effects of nicotine on reinforcement learning.

NCT ID: NCT01788943 Completed - Smoking Cessation Clinical Trials

Nicotine Receptor Levels and Smoking Cessation

Start date: February 2013
Phase: N/A
Study type: Observational

The investigators propose to use positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to determine whether nicotinic receptor availability at pretreatment predicts smoking cessation success. The investigators will recruit 30 smokers from those enrolled in the Pharmacogenetics of Nicotine Addiction Treatment clinical trial. The investigators will measure nicotinic receptor availability using the PET radioligand 2-[18F]FA, after overnight abstinence and prior to initiation of treatment.

NCT ID: NCT01772641 Terminated - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

A Smoking Intervention Study Using Scheduled Gradual Reduction With Varenicline to Help With Cessation

Start date: December 2012
Phase: Phase 4
Study type: Interventional

This study has three main aims. Aim 1: To provide initial data on the efficacy of combined Scheduled Gradual Reduction (SGR) and Varenicline (VN) for smoking cessation, by assessing abstinence and levels of smoking at 2 time points (4 and 12 weeks post quit). Aim 2: To explore the possibility that SGR+VN will be particularly efficacious among smokers with higher background levels of Cue Reactivity (CR), as assessed at the start of the study, using a classic experimental smoking CR paradigm. Aim 3: To explore possible mechanisms underlying the effects of SGR+VN, by assessing potential mediators (i.e., self-efficacy, cue-induced cravings) of treatment effects.

NCT ID: NCT01756053 Terminated - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

Effects of ABT-089 on Smoking Abstinence Symptoms and Reward

Start date: March 2013
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional

This Phase IIa within-subject, cross-over pilot study will evaluate the effects of ABT-089 (an experimental medication not approved by the FDA) when administered as 40mg oral once daily dose for 10 days, compared to placebo, on the following: abstinence-induced cognitive deficits, smoking withdrawal, smoking urges, smoking reward, and a brief, monitored quit attempt (~4 days). The key cognitive domains include: working memory, sustained attention, and response inhibition.

NCT ID: NCT01704573 Completed - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

Nicotinic Receptor Levels After Stopping Smoking

Start date: October 2010
Phase: N/A
Study type: Observational

This positron emission tomography (PET) study examines the effects of 24 hours abstinence from smoking on return to availability of neuronal nicotinic receptors in slow and fast metabolizers of nicotine.

NCT ID: NCT01548638 Completed - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

Effect of Galantamine on Smoking Abstinence

Start date: February 2012
Phase: Phase 2
Study type: Interventional

This is a preliminary open-label study to determine whether a medication called galantamine (Brand Name: Razadyne) will help smokers quit and whether it reduces cognitive problems that smokers experience during a quit attempt.

NCT ID: NCT01523730 Completed - Schizophrenia Clinical Trials

Effects of rTMS on Cigarette Smoking and Cognition in Schizophrenia

rTMSsmokelab
Start date: April 2012
Phase: N/A
Study type: Interventional

Cigarette smoking rates are extremely high in persons with schizophrenia and this increases the risk of disease and death due to tobacco-related disorders. One of the features of schizophrenia is reduced cognitive abilities, such as poor attention and memory. It is thought that people with schizophrenia smoke cigarettes to reduce these cognitive problems, as nicotine can improve cognitive function in these people. When people with schizophrenia stop smoking it causes further cognitive difficulties, which makes quitting harder for them compared to people without schizophrenia. A method called repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) allows clinicians to give repeated magnetic pulses through the scalp to cause changes in brain activity and behaviour. rTMS can improve cognitive function in people with schizophrenia. Studies have also shown that rTMS can reduce tobacco craving and consumption of cigarettes. Therefore, we believe that rTMS will improve the cognitive deficits observed during cigarette smoking abstinence and help reduce cravings for cigarettes. Ultimately, rTMS may help smokers with schizophrenia who can't quit smoking with available treatments. This study will examine the effect of rTMS on tobacco cravings and cognitive problems produced by overnight abstinence from cigarette smoking in persons with schizophrenia in comparison to people without mental illness who smoke. Important information about the potential of rTMS for the treatment of cognitive deficits and tobacco addiction in schizophrenia will be obtained. Providing more effective smoking cessation treatments in people with schizophrenia may lead to improved physical and mental health for these patients, who are extremely susceptible to tobacco addiction and tobacco-related illness.

NCT ID: NCT01495819 Completed - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

Nicotine Reinforcement and Aversion in Young Adult Light Smokers

Start date: January 4, 2017
Phase: Early Phase 1
Study type: Interventional

The proposed study will examine the threshold for nicotine self-administration (NSA) using five different nicotine doses in young adult male and female non-dependent smokers (light and intermittent smokers or LITS). We propose a double-blind, placebo-controlled study that will enroll 195 individuals, targeting a total of 72 completers (36 male and 36 females). In each of the five experimental sessions, smokers will be randomly assigned to one of the five doses of nicotine (0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/70 kg). The highest dose, 0.2 mg/70 kg, corresponds to nicotine delivered by about one or two puffs of a cigarette. At the beginning of each experimental session, smokers will sample the assigned both the nicotine dose for that experimental session, and the placebo (saline) dose, followed by the opportunity to choose between nicotine and placebo for a total of ten choices over a 150-minute period. The main outcomes will be threshold dose (the minimum dose of nicotine that is self-administered more than placebo) and the slope of dose-response for nicotine self-administration (changes in nicotine self-administration per unit change in nicotine dose). We will also collect measures of nicotine intake (cotinine), nicotine clearance (3-hydroxycotinine (3-HC) / cotinine), and self-report drug effects

NCT ID: NCT01314001 Completed - Nicotine Addiction Clinical Trials

Pharmacogenetics of Nicotine Addiction Treatment

Start date: December 2010
Phase: Phase 3
Study type: Interventional

The purpose of this research program is to understand how a biomarker called the "nicotine metabolite ratio" (also referred to as NMR) may influence a smoker's ability to quit smoking.

NCT ID: NCT01252966 Completed - Clinical trials for Tobacco Use Disorder

Cognitive Training for Nicotine Dependence

Start date: March 2011
Phase: N/A
Study type: Interventional

This randomized clinical trial tested the effects of a computerized (web-based) cognitive training intervention on smoking cessation. All participants received 8 weeks of standard nicotine patch therapy, smoking cessation counseling, and were randomized to 1 of 2 different training programs: cognitive training vs. control training.