View clinical trials related to Malnutrition.
Filter by:The purpose of this research study is to determine if megestrol acetate can be used as an appetite stimulant to improve weight gain in children with cancer and poor nutrition. The study design is a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial. Secondarily, we would like to determine what effect any improvement in weight has on body composition by DEXA scan. This includes whether the drug results in an increase in fat, fat-free mass, or both. If our patients gain weight we would like to know if it improves their quality of life. Finally, many children with cancer lose too much weight and require feeding to occur through a tube put down their nose into their stomach (NG feeding). The tube can be painful to put down and is uncomfortable when in. Some children may also require nutrition to be given into a vein (Total Parenteral Nutrition or TPN). We are trying to see if we can prevent these procedures from happening by having the subjects gain weight. This study will tell doctors if the drug truly works (or does not work) in children who are underweight.
RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Giving combination chemotherapy after surgery may kill any tumor cells that remain after surgery. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving doxorubicin together with cyclophosphamide works in treating older women with stage I , stage II, or stage III breast cancer that has been removed by surgery.
This study tests the hypothesis that moderately underweight but not severely wasted 6-17-month old infants receiving fortified spread or maize-spy flour as a food supplement for 12 weeks grow better during the supplementation than infants who do not get any food supplement.
This study tests the hypothesis that moderately underweight but not severely wasted 6-17-month old infants receiving fortified spread or maize-soy flour as a food supplement for 12 weeks grow better during the supplementation than infants who do not get any food supplement.
The purpose of this clinical trial is to determine if administration of a daily chewable multivitamin-mineral supplement (Monday - Friday when school is in session) given to children (third through sixth graders) during the academic school year will lead to improved academic performance.
Background. More than a third of the world’s population is infected with intestinal nematodes. A majority of these infections occur in children. Current control approaches emphasise treatment of school age children, and there is a lack of information on the effects of deworming preschool childrenSetting: Within the Integrated Child Development System (ICDS) infrastructure in urban Lucknow (UP), IndiaDesign: Open Labeled randomised trialHypothesis: Our study hypothesis was that albendazole administration six monthly, as a single 400 mg dose in syrup, by the existing health care delivery system would be a practicable way to achieve mass deworming of preschool children and this might result in an improvement in weight gain of preschool childrenIntervention One group will receive usual health care by the existing health care staff, which included six monthly administration of Vitamin A concentrate. The other group will receive, in addition, 400 mg of albendazole (Zentel, Smith Kline & Beecham) in 10 ml syrup form. Five such doses will be given at six monthly intervals for 2 years.Main objective: To assess the impact of 6 monthly deworming on weight and height gain at the end of 2 years in children aged 1 to 5 years of age Main outcomes measures: Weight gain in 2 yearsInclusion criteria: Children 1 to 5 years, whose guardians give written informed consent. Exclusion criteria: Those not consentingSample size: Sample size was calculated for a continuous outcome. For a standardized effect size of 0.1, with a power of 80% and an alpha level of 0.05, using a 2-tailed t test, taking into account design effect, about 2000 children will be included in each arm.
Vitamin A deficiency is an important health problem globally including Bangladesh. The problem is greater among under-five children, particularly in malnourished. Vitamin A supplementation reduces morbidity from diarrhoeal diseases and also prevents future diarrhoea episodes. However, there are conflicting reports on the role of vitamin A supplementation on morbidity from acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) including pneumonia. In non-malnourished children supplementation has been reported to be associated with increased incidence and morbidity of ALRI. The WHO committee[1] has reviewed both the risk and benefit of mega dose (200,000 IU) vitamin A supplementation during acute illness particularly diarrhoea, irrespective of the nutritional status of under-5 children and recommended vitamin A supplementation in areas where vitamin A status is low. In Bangladesh mega dose (200,000 IU) of vitamin A is routinely supplemented to under-5 children every 6 months. Absorption of vitamin A precursors from the GI tract is reduced in severely malnourished children, who are also lacking in retinol binding protein (RBP), required for transportation of retinol to target tissues. Thus it is established that a significant portion of the supplemented vitamin A is excreted in feces and urine of malnourished children. The excretion of vitamin A increases substantially during acute infections including diarrhoeal diseases. On the other hand, due to reduced RBP, concentration of free vitamin A increases in the body resulting in the possibility of adverse events including "pseudotumor cerebri". It has recently been observed that low-dose daily supplementation of vitamin A to malnourished children produces a better effect on recovery from acute illness and also in preventing infectious diseases among under-five children. However, the limitations of those studies included a small sample size, delayed assessment of retinol after supplementation among the others. Thus WHO felt that the issue needs to be addressed in a well-designed clinical trial. We hope that our proposed study will enable us to compare the efficacy of low-dose daily administration of vitamin A with that of initial mega dose followed by daily low dose of vitamin A in malnourished children presenting with acute diarrhoeal diseases with or without ALRI. If the results of this study indicate that the daily low-dose has similar efficacy to that of the currently recommended mega dose followed by daily low-dose of vitamin A, would have important programmatic implications.
The Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Project (BINP) of the Government of Bangladesh has started showing reduction in malnutrition of women and children under two years of age in last 3 years of it’s activities. That was a demonstration study to test the efficacy of the approach on a relatively small number of children with intensive intervention. A study will be therefore conducted in 4 division of BINP thanas of Bangladesh over an 18-month period. Moderately malnourished children will be in management intervention and mildly malnourished and well-nourished infants will be in preventive intervention group. For management intervention, a total of 750 moderately malnourished will be randomized to receive either intensive nutrition education or less intensive education. For preventive purpose, 380 mildly malnourished children of 6 months to 2 years of age and 240 well nourished infants of 6 to 9 months of age will receive either less intensive education or no education. Infants between 6 to 9 month ages will be brought under less INE to ensure their complementary feeding practice. Care givers of one group of mildly malnourished children and one group of 6-9 month old infants will not receive any education to serve as controls. Focus group discussion will be held before the educational intervention to identify the perception of the mother, her husband and female decision maker of her family on child nutrition, caring practice and common practice of health care. BCC materials will be developed after FGD and that will be used during nutrition education. Mothers of the first intervention group will receive intensive nutrition education for child feeding twice weekly for first three months, which will be then reinforced once in a week for the last three months of intervention. The less intensive intervention group will receive nutrition education twice a week for the first month then once a week for two months and then twice monthly for the last three months of intervention. INE will be given for a total of 6 months. An observation will be done to identify for sustainability effect for an additional period of 6 months. Their weight and length gain will be recorded. It is expected that the results of the study will help define the effectiveness of our nutrition education package to prevent and reduce moderate malnutrition existing in large proportion of children in setting with different geographical, and cultural and feeding practices.
This study is designed to test whether calcium supplementation alone or calcium plus vitamin D reduces the incidence of fractures, reduces high parathyroid secretory activity, and halts bone loss in a population-based sample of women 55+ years of age. - A calcium supplement of 1400 mg/d will significantly reduce the cumulative incidence of spine and appendicular fractures over four years for independently living, rural women 55 years of age and older compared to similar women on their usual diets. - A calcium supplement of 1400 mg/d plus 1100 IU vitamin D/d will significantly reduce the cumulative incidence of spine and appendicular fractures compared to a calcium supplement only.
The aim of this study is to investigate if enteral immunonutrition of head and neck or esophageal cancer patients, using an arginine, omega 3 fatty acid, nucleotides-enhanced diet [Impact (R), Novartis] versus a standard enteral nutrition (control, Novartis), could improve clinical outcomes (mucositis frequency, treatment tolerance), nutritional and immune status, and life quality parameters.