View clinical trials related to Malnutrition.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to test the impact on child growth of three specially formulated complementary food supplements vs. Plumpy'Doz, a previously tested, commercially available complementary food, and vs. a control group that receives no food. All groups will receive nutrition education related to infant and young child feeding. This will be a cluster-randomised trial in children 6-18 months old in rural Rangpur and Gaibandha in Bangladesh.
Hypothesis: During rehabilitation phase of management of severe acute malnourished Bangladeshi infants less than 6 months old, rates of weight gain will be significantly more in children fed F-100 and diluted F-100 compared to those fed infant formula. Brief summary: Until recently, severe malnutrition has been relatively rare in infants younger than 6 months, but with urbanization and the HIV/AIDS pandemic it is feared that the incidence of severe malnutrition among young infants will rise. The question of how best to feed infants aged <6 months has thus come to the forefront. Given the lack of published evidence regarding the most advantageous formulations for feeding severely malnourished infants aged <6 months, there is a need for observational studies and comparative randomized trials of alternative formulations to guide decisions about optimum dietary management in this age group. This area has been aptly considered a research priority during the consultation meeting of experts from all over the world convened by the World Health Organization on management of severe malnutrition in September 2004. In the WHO case-management guidelines for severe malnutrition, there is no separate provision for young infants (infants less than 6 months old). The guidelines suggest the use of a low-solute formula (F-75) and continued breastfeeding in the initial stabilisation phase. In the rehabilitation phase, the guidelines advise F-100 with an energy density of 100kcal/100ml to promote catch-up growth. There is a concern that the renal solute load from using F-100 is too high for young infants, and some groups have started using diluted F-100 with an energy density of 75 kcal/100 ml. Another related issue is the contribution of breastfeeding in dietary intakes during rehabilitation. In severely malnourished infants, breast milk intakes are likely to be low initially when appetite is poor, but may be substantial as the infant recovers. Uncertainty about breast milk intakes has led to conflicting opinions and advice, weaning from the breast as it is not providing sufficient energy (1). The aim of this study, to be conducted in a carefully supervised Nutrition Rehabilitation Unit (NRU), will compare three recovery diets (Infant formula, F-100 and diluted F-100) in order to provide the evidence-base to determine if a change or add-on in terms of diet in the WHO guidelines is needed. It will also measure the potential renal solute load (mosmol/l), serum electrolytes and plasma osmolality of the same children. Body composition of the infants will also be measured using stable isotope dilution technique before and after the intervention diet is provided.
The prevention of malnutrition among children under 5 years of age requires consumption of nutritious food, including exclusive breast feeding for the first six months of life, followed by breastfeeding in combination with complementary foods thereafter until at least 24 months of age; a hygienic environment; access to preventive as well as curative health services, and good prenatal care. The proposed research is on the possible options for providing a nutritious diet, realizing the constraints of poverty and food insecurity faced by care givers whose children are at risk of developing or confirmed to be suffering from moderate malnutrition. Even when people are not typically food insecure but consume a relatively monotonous diet with few good-quality foods, they also have to have options for dietary improvement, and especially the possibility of ready-to-use complementary food supplements (RUCFS) for young children. This proposed research on development of RUCFS will pave the way for programmatic considerations for expansion of the use of new complementary food supplements for preventing malnutrition among young children in Bangladesh.
This randomized, controlled effectiveness study examines Nutributter programming within an integrated package of maternal and child health services offered by Haiti's Ministry of Health (MSPP) to prevent undernutrition among young children in Haiti. The aim of the process evaluation is to better understand the uptake of Nutributter® as a complementary food in the diets of young children and its feasibility and acceptability as part of MSPP's package of services. This project is being carried out at a public hospital in Fort San Michel, an impoverished community outside of Cap Haitien, Haiti.
Malnutrition occurs in up to 50% of patients requiring elective surgery for neoplastic diseases. It exerts a detrimental influence on outcome of surgery, because it can suppress immune function, exaggerate stress response and cause organ system dysfunction. Increased susceptibility to infection, protracted wound healing, impaired blood clotting and vessel wall fragility have been shown to be the leading causes of postoperative morbidity and mortality in malnourished patients undergoing major surgical resections. This trial is designed as a prospective randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot study in a academic single center in Switzerland. A total of 50 malnourished patients with gastro-intestinal tumors will receive orally glutamine or placebo-treatment during a period of 5 days prior to surgery. The investigators hypothesize that oral Glutamine administration is feasible, well tolerated, will decrease postoperative morbidity, will suppress postoperative cell damage and inflammatory response, and will improve the perioperative immunocompetence of the patients.
This pilot study aims to determine whether an agricultural intervention will improve food security, prevent treatment failure, reduce co-morbidities, and decrease secondary HIV transmission risk among people living with HIV/AIDS. The intervention will include: a) a human-powered water pump and other required farm commodities, b) a micro-finance loan (~$75) to purchase the pump and agricultural implements, and c) education in sustainable farming practices.
Longitudinal survey in Northern Senegal to investigate the environmental factors modulating the immune response to childhood vaccines and to malaria. A cohort of 410 children aged 1 to 10 from 5 villages of the Senegal River Valley(Podor District) was followed-up for 18 months. During that period, 5 visits have been made to the villages to assess the immunological and nutritional status of the children.
The broad objective is to improve zinc status in older infants and young children who are at risk of zinc deficiency because of combination of inadequate dietary zinc intake and high rates of diarrhea. As a sub-study within larger RCT using zinc fortified Sprinkles, the proposed study will measure the amount of zinc absorbed from a test meal of typical unfortified complementary foods consumed by Pakistani infants, or the same complementary foods fortified by the addition of the Zn-containing Sprinkle.
It is unclear whether children with HIV and severe acute malnutrition can be started on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) safely while they are still malnourished and the manner in which this therapy should start. This study will examine the safety, efficacy, and metabolism of children started on HAART while still severely malnourished.
A cluster-randomised trial will be undertaken in Burkina Faso to investigate whether a comprehensive mass media campaign using local radio stations can change behaviours on a scale large enough to result in measurable and sustainable reductions in under-five child mortality. It is hypothesised that as a result of the scale and multi-pronged nature of the campaign, reductions of between 10% and 20% in child mortality will be achieved.