View clinical trials related to Malnutrition.
Filter by:The study evaluates the impact of a multi-sectoral intervention (water, sanitation, and hygiene; training on climate smart activities; care groups for mothers; market gardens) on the prevalence of acute malnutrition as the primary outcome using a randomized intervention trial between 2012-2017 with four points of data collection (2012, 2014, 2015, and 2017).
A retrospective study based on Thai data from Nutrition Day study (nD). Comparing clinical outcome between malnourished patients who were prescribed oral nutrition supplement along with hospital diet and those without oral nutrition supplement.
The prevalence of disease-related malnutrition among hospitalized patients is 30-50%. There is a lack of tools to follow up the nutritional treatment of these patients. The investigators develop the decision support system "MyFood" which can be used to assess patients' dietary intake, evaluate intake against individual needs, and propose nutrition related measures and an individual nutrition plan for each patient. The investigators will study the clinical effects of using MyFood among hospitalized patients. In addition the implementation of the tool among healthcare workers will be studied.
The objectives of the study are to assess the validity of Nestlé reformulation criteria in two national dietary surveys: the US NHANES 2011, and the French INCA2 2006-07.
In this clinical non-inferiority trial, two foods will be compared for the treatment of SAM, testing the hypothesis that the difference in recovery rates and growth between the two test groups will be no greater than 5 percent.
Background Over the last 10 years there has been an increase in the female agriculture labour force, in Pakistan, resulting in a feminisation of agriculture; which could have either a positive or negative impact on maternal and young child nutrition. It could have a positive impact through increased female wage earnings that improve her bargaining/decision-making power within the household. Women are more likely than men to make pro-nutrition choices with regards to household expenditure. Conversely, women's involvement in agricultural work may have a negative impact on infant or maternal nutrition by reducing time available for child care, through increased expenditure of physical energy without compensatory increases in food consumption or exposure to harmful toxins present in pesticides and other chemicals used in farming. Understanding the dynamics of these pathways, in a specific context, is important to ensure agriculture programmes and policies do not disadvantage women or their children. Overall aim To provide insights into positive and negative pathways between women's work in agriculture and maternal and child nutritional status, in different agriculture workload contexts, to inform agriculture interventions and policies in Pakistan. Specific Objectives 1. To determine whether the number of hours a mother participates in agriculture work is associated with maternal body mass index and infant nutrition. 2. To identify factors that modify the influence of maternal participation in agriculture work on maternal and infant nutritional status. Study Design A cohort study was conducted from September 2015 in irrigated rural areas of Pakistan. Infant-mother dyads were recruited when the infant was between 2 and 12 weeks of age inclusive. Anthropometric measurements (maternal and infant height / recumbent length and weight), interviewer administered questionnaires and spot observations were collected at recruitment (Time 1) and again when the infants were between 9-15 months of age (Time 2). The interviewer administered questionnaires were collected from each infant's mother (or the household head if the father was not present). A one page questionnaire was also completed at recruitment to record the numbers of women who agreed to participate in the study, the number who were approached but were not recruited into the study and the reasons they were not eligible to participate or their reasons for refusal.
Nutrition in Disguise is focused on developing and testing the acceptability of nutrient dense food products appropriate for older adults and specifically those living in long term care.
INTRODUCTION In 2014, 50 million children under 5 suffered from acute malnutrition, of which 16 million suffered from SAM, most of them living in sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. SAM children have higher risk of mortality (relative risk between 5 and 20). It is an underlying factor in over 50% of the 10 - 11 million preventable deaths per year among children under five. At present, 65 countries have implemented WHO recommendations for SAM treatment (both in-patient for complicated cases and outpatient for uncomplicated cases) but these programs have very low coverage, reaching only around 10 - 15 % of SAM children. In 2009 the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) issued a joint statement in an effort to harmonize the application of anthropometric criteria for SAM diagnosis and monitoring in child aged 6 - 59 months; the statement presents recommended cut-offs, and summarizes the rational for the adoption, of the following two anthropometric criteria: 1. Weight-for-Height Z-Score (WHZ): "WHO and UNICEF recommend the use of a cut-off for weight-for-height of below -3 standard deviations (SD) of the WHO standards to identify infants and children as having SAM." Additionally, analysis of existing data show that children with a WHZ < -3 have a highly elevated risk of death. 2. Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC): "WHO standards for the MUAC-for-age show that in a well-nourished population there are very few children aged 6 - 59 months with a MUAC less than 115 mm. Children with a MUAC less than 115 mm have a highly elevated risk of death compared to those who are above. Thus it is recommended to [use] the cut-off point [of] 115 mm to define SAM with MUAC." GENERAL OBJECTIVE To generate new evidence on pathophysiological process, nutritional needs and risks associated with different types of anthropometric deficits in children under 5, in order to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of SAM. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES - To compare nutritional status, metabolism, pathophysiological process and risks in different types of SAM anthropometric diagnosis, with or without concomitant stunting (growth retardation). - To analyze the extent to which current SAM treatment is promoting recovery and healthy growth in different categories of children. - To evaluate the relevance of current discharge criteria used in nutrition programs and their association with metabolic recovery, in different age groups and among those who are stunted. - To test novel rapid tests of emerging biomarkers predicting long-term outcomes and mortality risk in the field. METHODOLOGY A wide range of supplementary information related to nutritional status, body composition, metabolic and immune status, including emerging biomarkers of metabolic deprivation and vulnerability, will be collected besides anthropometry during prospective observational studies. They will be collected with minimum level of invasiveness, compatible with field work requirements in the humanitarian context. Phase 1: Cross-sectional surveys. Phase 2: Prospective cohort studies involving SAM children between 6 months and 5 years old. Children admitted as SAM at the nutrition centers will be enrolled into the cohort. The follow up duration will be at least three months. EXPECTED OUTCOMES - Confirmation of current hypotheses related to: 1. possible misdiagnosis of SAM made by MUAC or WHZ criteria, 2. varying degree of severity and need for admission to treatment of the different types of diagnosis, 3. underlying heterogeneity of the pathophysiology. - Generation of new algorithms for the assessment and classification of malnourished children, based on the combined use of emerging biomarkers and anthropometric measures, or on the modification of anthropometric criteria. - Generation of new treatment paradigms based on the predictive value of biomarkers in combination with traditional anthropometric measures. This will enable us to assess the power of current treatment regimens to promote long-term weight gain and growth and will allow us to tailor treatment to the physiological needs of the child.
Summer vacation is a 3-month window of vulnerability for children from low-income households when health behaviors and academic learning decay. The goal of this project is to collect information on where low-income children go during summer, what they do when they get there, and how their behaviors (physical activity, sedentary, sleep, and diet) differ between the summer (unstructured days) and school year (structured days). This study is 1) significant because it will provide evidence on potential points of intervention that can reduce or reverse the excessive unhealthy weight gains that occur during summer and 2) innovative because it will be the first to identify changes in activity, sedentary, sleep, and dietary behaviors during prolonged and shorter periodic breaks from school and link these behaviors to changes in zBMI over time.
The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of a growing-up milk on growth and micronutrient status in children 12 to 30 months of age. The study was conducted in Cuernavaca, the state capital of Morelos, Mexico. The investigators included children who attended day-care centers. These day- care centers are part of a national government program which main objective is to support working mothers and those who intend to work and do not have access to a health service and are at risk of poverty. The study described herein is a randomized, parallel, double-blind, controlled trial by administration of growing up milk (GM) and fortified milk (FM). Results showed a significant improvement in linear growth in both supplemented groups, with no statistical difference between treatments. By using an artificial, population-based comparison group, the investigators conclude that this improvement was attributable to the supplements.