View clinical trials related to Lung Function.
Filter by:Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common, major complication of premature birth, associated with developmental and health consequences that continue into adulthood. Prediction of who will have these problems is challenging using traditional definitions of disease. It is believed that underdevelopment and injury occur in both lung tissue and the blood vessels in the lungs, with a sophisticated interplay between them that contributes to lung disease seen in prematurity. New magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques can delineate tissue structure with unprecedented granularity, assessing lung tissue, blood vessels, and their interplay. The ability to identify, at an early stage, those infants destined for chronic lung disease with greater certainty will be useful in counseling families and critical for the effective introduction of promising new BPD therapies. 319 infants born less than 29 weeks gestation will be recruited from 4 centres, including 5 babies who received stem cell therapy in a clinical trial. Babies will be evaluated at 36 weeks post-conception with lung MRI, oscillometry (lung function), echocardiogram (heart ultrasound), and oscillometry. Lung health will be assessed every 3 months by phone questionnaire and chart review. At 18-21 months post-conception, babies will undergo neurodevelopmental assessment and lung function testing. The investigators will look at how well baseline MRI markers predict subsequent lung health and development, independently and combined with echocardiogram, lung ultrasound, and traditional markers of BPD. The investigators anticipate that these new MRI markers will measure lung health safely and longitudinally in babies born extremely preterm. By identifying predictors of longer-term lung disease, clinicians will be able to allocate resources to babies at the highest risk of severe disease. Further, The investigators envision that MRI will help identify babies who would benefit most from interventions like stem cell therapy and be useful for evaluation of future treatments.
Laryngotracheal surgery often requires a small diameter endotracheal tube to oxygenate patients under general anesthesia. Oxygenation is often only possible with high-frequency jet ventilators due to the use of small diameter and high resistance airway cannulas. Flow controlled ventilation is a new ventilation modality capable for ventilation through a small diameter endotracheal tube (Tritube) with an active expiratory phase and the possibility of controlled carbon dioxide elimination during mechanical ventilation. The aim of the present trial is to characterize perioperative changes in lung volume, ventilation inhomogeneity and respiratory mechanics in patients undergo upper airway surgery under general anesthesia with either flow controlled or high-frequency jet ventilation.
Investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial substituting traditional forms of household energy (biomass for cooking and kerosene for lighting) with liquified petroleum gas (LPG) stoves/fuel and solar power (in areas marker for solar grids by the Government of Rwanda) in rural Rwanda. Eligible households (n=650) using traditional forms of energy will be recruited from eastern Rwanda. In each household, investigators will recruit either one adult female and one adult male or just one adult, and one child (aged 8-15 years). Following baseline health and exposure assessment, a randomized treatment arm (n=250 homes) will receive a full subsidy for LPG fuel and solar power, a control arm (n=250 homes) will continue to use traditional energy, and a random-subsidy arm (n=150 homes) will be randomized to a discounted price (at baseline and every 6-months) for solar and LPG in a pay-as-you-go (PAYG) service model (i.e., pre-pay a desired amount through mobile money). The random subsidy arm will then decide whether or not to cook with the discounted LPG or their traditional stove. Participants will be followed for 3 years with repeated measures of household air pollution (HAP) exposure (48-hour fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC)), energy use, health, and preferences. Primary health endpoints include blood pressure (BP) in adults and lung-function growth in children; secondary endpoints include BP in children and lung-function change in adults. To complement the trial, the random-subsidy arm will generate policy-relevant information on causal relationships between energy costs, solar and LPG usage, and HAP exposures. The investigators propose 3 aims: Aim 1. In an ITT framework, investigators will evaluate the effect of a household energy intervention on exposure to HAP and indicators of morbidity separately among Rwandan women, men, and children within n=500 households. Aim 2. Using exposure-response modeling, investigators will characterize associations between exposure to HAP and indicators of morbidity separately among Rwandan women, men, and children within n=650 households (500 trial households + 150 random subsidy households). Aim 3. Using a random-encouragement design, investigators will investigate causal relationships between randomized energy costs, measured energy usage, and estimated exposure to HAP among n=400 households (150 random subsidy households + 250 full subsidy treatment arm households).
(a) Objectives 1. To assess the full lung function, exercise capacity, quality of life in patients with COVID-19 over 2 years. 2. To assess the longevity of the serology response to SARS-CoV2. 3. To investigate the association of the neutralization titer in plasma from different vaccinated cohorts to its protection of infection using in vivo model 4. To investigate the SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular and humoral immunities as well as their determinant factors from community subjects who have received different types of COVID-19 vaccines. 5. To assess the third booster dose for subjects who have poor antibody response despite having received two doses of CoronaVac (Sinovac)
Asthma, abbreviation for bronchial asthma, is one of the common chronic airways disease that threatens human health. Typical symptoms of asthma are recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough, usually occurring at night or early morning. However, there are still some patients with only persistent clinical manifestations of chest tightness. Concerned about this group of patients, investigators presented a subgroup of bronchial asthma, namely, chest tightness variant asthma (CTVA). This asthma subgroup usually lacks asthma-specific clinical features such as wheezing, shortness of breath, wheezing, and therefore often misdiagnosed for a long time. However, there is lack of definite treatment strategy for CTVA. In order to further understand the clinical characteristics and treatment of patients with CTVA, investigators conducted a national multicenter randomized control trial(RCT) study that compares inhaled corticosteroid(ICS)/ long-acting beta2-agonist(LABA) + Montelukast with ICS/LABA. Finally, investigators plan to clarify whether ICS/LABA plus Montelukast is more appropriate treatment than only ICS/LABA in CTVA patients.
The general objective of this project is to determine the best method to measure maximal inspiratory flow rates, to study their reproducibility and create reference equations in healthy subjects.
Patients with vertebral fractures often have problems to straighten and as a consequence of impaired lung ventilation that leads to a impaired lung function. Furthermore, it comes to the sintering of the vertebra and a so-called hunchback. This also contributes to the poorer expansion of the lung. Pain is also caused by respiratory excursions of the chest which hinder the patients to use their entire lung volume. Kyphoplasty is designed to counter all these consequences of vertebral fractures by bringing stability to the fracture. In order to prove the thesis the results of lung function test (FEV1, PEF) are assessed.