Influenza Clinical Trial
Official title:
2009 H1N1 Pandemic and Seasonal Influenza in SCI/D: Infection Control Strategies
The purpose of this study is to evaluate specific approaches used to prevent/reduce influenza transmission in the SCI/D System of Care in response to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, including assessing infection control strategies used by SCI staff and guidance provided by local infection control units. Due to the rapid spread of and uncertainties about the H1N1 virus, we will evaluate patient's beliefs, behaviors, and information seeking strategies (e.g., social media). These findings will lend to the understanding of ways to handle emergent issues, such as the H1N1 pandemic, in special populations.
In the United States, H1N1 influenza has been widespread, resulting in many infections,
hospitalizations, and deaths. Due to impaired respiratory function following injury, persons
with spinal cord injuries and disorders (SCI/D) are at extremely high risk from respiratory
complications that occur as a result of contracting influenza.
The overall goal is to understand approaches used to prevent/reduce influenza transmission
in the SCI/D System of Care in response to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, in addition to seasonal
influenza. Due to the rapid spread of and uncertainties about the H1N1 virus, one objective
is to evaluate patient's beliefs, behaviors, and information seeking strategies (e.g.,
social media). The other objective is to assess infection control strategies used by SCI
staff (and perceptions of) and guidance provided by local infection control units.
Multiple data collection efforts will be used to evaluate strategies used and their impact
to address influenza (H1N1 and seasonal) in the VHA SCI/D population. At the facility level,
the guidance provided by local infection control units in general and specific to SCI/D will
be assessed via a semi-structured interview with infection control Chiefs/liaisons. An
anonymous survey will be conducted to assess SCI health care providers' beliefs about and
use of infection control strategies (vaccination and non-vaccine methods such as personal
protective equipment, hand hygiene practices, appropriate work attendance practices) in
addition to their perceptions of strength of evidence for H1N1 prevention measures, resource
availability, and outreach by local infection control to facilitate infection prevention
strategies. In addition, Veterans with SCI/D will be surveyed about their beliefs and
information seeking strategies (e.g., social media) about seasonal and H1N1 influenza during
the most recent influenza season, in addition to occurrence of influenza/ILI, receipt of
influenza vaccination (H1N1 and/or seasonal) during the current influenza vaccination
period, and perceived adverse effects from vaccination. Finally, the use of antiviral
medications to treat influenza in Veterans with SCI/D, a two-group retrospective
pre-posttest review of all visits and admissions associated with influenza (or related)
diagnosis and/or antiviral prescription will be conducted. Charts for Veterans with SCI/D
and Veterans who do not have SCI/D will be reviewed and compared for differences in
practices in the SCI/D population versus the general veteran population.
This study will provide critical information that can be used to improve compliance with and
understanding of influenza vaccination and infection control strategies at the patient,
provider, and facility levels. These findings will lend to the understanding of ways to
handle emergent issues, such as the H1N1 pandemic, in special populations.
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Observational Model: Cohort, Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
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