View clinical trials related to Infections.
Filter by:This project aims to produce synthetic bone tissue graft that supports bone regeneration and combats infection simultaneously, according to industry standards and regulations. This original and high value added biomaterial "silver doped calcium phosphate based synthetic bone tissue " will be used in clinical trials in patients with osteomyelitis and implant-related infections for the treatment. Chronic bone infections are one of the most important problems in orthopedic surgery and are not just a problem of developed societies. When open fracture cases, which may get infected in 1-50%, implant-related infections and diabetic foot ulcer cases are taken into consideration, osteomyelitis will be seen as a very common problem all over the world. Multiple surgeries, long-term use of antibiotics and the high costs affects all societies. The use of synthetic bone grafts is growing faster than the natural bone grafts in the world. USA has spent 246 million US dollars for the use of synthetic bone graft in 2010. For the treatment of bone infections antibiotic impregnated synthetic bone grafts with different characteristics are used. Although these antibiotic impregnated synthetic bone grafts are superior compared to antibiotic bone cement with the implementation of different antibiotics and to be absorbable but they cannot show optimum benefit because the release of antibiotics is not due to host matrix degradation but diffusion control. The other issue to be considered as this regard that the development of microbial resistance to these antibiotics which is also a serious problem. Innovative synthetic bone graft with better contribution of the needs of mechanical properties, depending on the applied bone region, optimized antimicrobial activity and bone tissue regeneration are needed. In this study, it will be determined whether this silver ion -doped antimicrobial synthetic bone graft that has the capacity to fill the bone voids that may occur in chronic bone infection during disease process or after surgical debridement, also has the capacity to treat the infection in the bone will be used in 12 patients who had been diagnosed as chronic osteomyelitis to see if it cause any unwanted side effect in normal usage conditions and generates unacceptable risks. Clinical, laboratory and radiological investigations will be used to demonstrate the healing of the infections and the cavities in the bone. Blood and urine levels of silver will be detected from patients. Antimicrobial activity of silver is well-known. The effectiveness of the silver and potential toxicity is related to the dose of silver and application form. In orthopedics, the use of silver is mostly limited to elemental silver coating of metal implants. There is no biotechnologic approach manufactured silver ion -doped calcium phosphate -based synthetic bone graft in the health sector yet. Ionic silver has advantages such as low toxicity, no tolerance of silver against bacteria, and strong antibacterial activity. The trapping of silver ions in the calcium phosphate based ceramic structure overcomes the other systems with its controlled release and its ability to be effective at minimum doses. The project is an original work since it will contribute to bone regeneration while at the same time removing the infection.
This is a study to determine if the incidence of infection at the Surgical SitE is impacted if with Antibiotic Irrigation is used during Ventral Hernia Repair (RINSE Trial)
People who inject drugs (PWID) have increased risk of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonization, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), and systemic infections like septicaemia and endocarditis. International research and data from Malmö needle exchange program (NEP) show a 60 - 70% lifetime SSTI prevalence. Longitudinal colonization pattern of S. aureus and its association with infection frequency among PWID is unknown. Cultures from the anterior nares, throat and perineum are used to indirectly assess S. aureus skin colonization. In PWID 28 - 45% are colonized in the nares, which increases risk of infections. Clinical significance of extra-nasal colonization, and persistent/intermittent colonization is uncertain. The S. aureus genome can be characterized by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Certain types are associated with abscesses and systemic infections. The infection pattern among PWID is unknown. S. aureus skin colonization level is decreased by chlorhexidine body wash and nasal mupirocin used as surgical prophylaxis and treatment of furunculosis. To our knowledge, disinfection effect on infections in PWID is not studied. However, the clinical impression is that severe infections have somewhat diminished since the NEP started distributing skin disinfectant tissues. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. Can repeated skin wash with chlorhexidine decrease infection frequency among PWID? 2. Is the longitudinal S. aureus colonization pattern associated with infection prevalence among PWID? 3. Can the risk of S. aureus-infections be predicted by quantification of bacterial level in anterior nares, throat, perineum or skin lesions/eczema? 4. Can different types of S. aureus be identified, that are associated with colonization or infection among PWID (by WGS)? METHODS AND TIME PHRAME Malmö NEP was established in 1986, and several studies assessing HIV, hepatitis and sociological questions have been conducted in this setting. In December 2016 continuous inclusion of 100 PWID for the actual study started at Malmö NEP. The study period is estimated to two years, with scientific papers expected for publication. During the first year of the study, mapping of S. aureus colonization pattern among all study participants is conducted by repeated sampling, clinical evaluation of eczemas, and interviews regarding infections. Every third month samples are collected from nares, throat, perineum and skin lesions. Semi quantification of S. aureus takes place at the microbiological research laboratory at Lund University. BBL CHROMagar Staph aureus-plates are used and incubated in 35oC air for 48h. S. aureus-colonies are identified and quantified manually by pink colour change and Pastorex. MALDI-TOF will be used in unclear cases. Disk-diffusion will be used for resistance determination. Bacterial isolates will be frozen to -70oC for later WGS. Intervention with chlorhexidine wash starts one year after inclusion for each study subject, and will continue for one additional year. Study participants with S aureus colonization will undergo regular showers with chlorhexidine (intervention group) at the needle exchange. In order to avoid bacterial resistance, muporicin will not be used. During the intervention, cultures, interviews and clinical evaluation will continue.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of letermovir (LET) in pediatric participants. Participants will be enrolled in the following 3 age groups: Age Group 1: From 12 to <18 years of age (adolescents); Age Group 2: From 2 to <12 years of age (children); and Age Group 3: From birth to <2 years of age (neonates, infants and toddlers). All participants will receive open label LET for 14 weeks (~100 days) post-transplant, with doses based on body weight and age.
This is a prospective, multicenter, open-label Phase 3 study of a microbiota suspension of intestinal microbes. Patients who have had at least one recurrence of CDI after a primary episode and have completed at least one round of standard-of-care oral antibiotic therapy or have had at least two episodes of severe CDI resulting in hospitalization may be eligible for the study. Subjects may receive a second RBX2660 enema if they are deemed treatment failures following the initial enema per the protocol-specified treatment failure definition.
In this protocol, investigators are examining the ability for a novel multiplex PCR assay with mixed floral antibiotic resistance profiling is safe and increases effective treatment for urinary tract infections in a urology clinic over traditional culture methods alone and decreases retreatment rates in this population.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of letermovir (LET) versus placebo when cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis was extended from 100 days to 200 days post-transplant in CMV seropositive participants who received an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). It was hypothesized that LET is superior to placebo in the prevention of clinically-significant CMV infection when LET prophylaxis is extended from 100 to 200 days.
A trial to assess cumulative incidence of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) in infants (by three months of age) born to mothers receiving a single-dose of 2 grams of oral azithromycin during labour (or immediately prior to delivery in the case of caesarean section), compared to infants whose mothers received placebo.
This project will notify centers of center's post-endoscopic infection rates and evaluate the effectiveness of this notification system to decrease infection rates. The investigators aim to notify centers of the number of patients and center's risk-adjusted rates of hospitalizations for infections after colonoscopy and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) procedures performed between January 2015 and September 2018. The investigators will randomize centers to two notification groups: (1) Ability to view center's rate compared with all other centers (ASCs and outpatient centers notified and compared separately) or (2) Ability to view center's rate compared with the other centers with a similar patient comorbidity profile and in addition to viewing option 1. Facilities will answer questions about center's infection control practices. The investigators hypothesize that centers with high rates of post-procedural infections will (1) be more likely to report that the center took action to investigate the center's infection control practices after the first notification and (2) observe a decrease in infections after the notification. The investigators anticipate that centers with high rates of post-procedural infections that are randomized to group 2 will have greater change. The investigators anticipate no change in rates of infection in the facilities that had zero or very low (n=1) event rates.
This study looks at the difference between XF-73 and placebo in reducing the carriage of a bacteria S. aureus in the nose before, during and after heart surgery. Only people who normally have S.aureus in their nose will be enrolled onto the study. This will be confirmed by analysis of a nasal swab (a cotton bud placed in the nose) before entering the study. It is expected 125 people will participate in this study. Participation will be confirmed by analysis of a nasal swab (a cotton bud placed in the nose) before entering the study. XF-73 or placebo will be given 5 times, with an equal chance of participants receiving either XF-73 or placebo. During the hospital stay more nasal swabs will be taken to determine the amount of S.aureus present in the participant's nose. Other tests such as blood samples, blood pressure and an examination of the nose and sense of smell will be performed as part of the safety assessment. After the hospital stay participants will be followed up for 30 days or if a device has been inserted into the body as part of the surgery for 90 days to look at the rates of post-operative infection between the placebo and XF-73 groups. The study will run for about 18 months. During this period, an independent data monitoring committee will review the study to make sure that the balance of benefits and risks of participating in the study does not change.