View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:Microorganisms that colonize hospital environments play an important role in the transmission of hospital acquired infections (HAI) and multi-drug resistant organisms. Previous studies examining microorganisms in the hospital environment have been limited by reliance on targeted culture-based methods resulting in potentially missed or unrecognized organisms. Evidence now suggests that using microbiome analysis offers an innovative strategy that may improve our understanding of HAI and how best to prevent them. This pilot longitudinal observational study aims to characterize the taxonomic composition of microbial communities on environmental surfaces and people in these environments prior to and following the introduction of patients, caregiver, and hospital staff to newly constructed inpatient care areas at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (SJCRH). This proposed study is uniquely characterized by evaluating the hospital environment of a pediatric immunocompromised oncology patient population that has not been studied in the past using advanced molecular techniques such as microbiome analysis. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: - To describe the pattern of microbial communities of the hospital environment before, during and after patient occupancy of a newly constructed hospital space. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: - To describe the similarity or difference of environment microbial communities to that of the humans occupying this environment in a newly occupied hospital space. - To describe the pattern in environment microbial communities after each step of disinfection (manual cleaning with chemical disinfectant and Ultraviolet light disinfection machine) after patient discharge from the inpatient hospital environment. - To evaluate the correlation between environmental Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) measures and organism bioburden.
ASPIRE-SSI is a prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study among adult surgical patients, which aims to determine the incidence of healthcare-associated S. aureus infections, particularly S. aureus surgical site infections (SSIs), across Europe and to assess the most important risk factors for this type of infection.
Rationale: Oral vaccination is known to induce a systemic immune response as well as an immune response in mucosal tissues, and can therefore serve as a model to study systemic and mucosal immunity. In this study, the oral cholera vaccine Dukoral® was chosen as model vaccine. The kinetics of the immune response and the interaction with a raw milk matrix have been evaluated in a previous, pilot study (NL49042.081.14). Based on the outcomes of this pilot, in this study oral cholera vaccination will be applied to study the support of immunity by raw milk, compared to heat-treated milk. The study design has been optimised based on previous results: study duration is extended and sample size is based on relevant change and known variation in the primary outcome parameters. Infections are an important worldwide cause of death, both in elderly and young children. Therefore, support of immunity could help to reduce the incidence of infections. To screen the potential of specific foods or food ingredients to support immunity, oral vaccination can serve as a model. In a previous study, this model was developed using oral cholera vaccination in human adult volunteers. In that study, raw milk was shown to support the immune response to vaccination. In this follow-up study, the effect of raw milk will be compared with pasteurized and ultra-heat treated (UHT) milk. Objective: To investigate whether pasteurized milk and/or UHT milk are able to enhance the immune response as induced by oral cholera vaccination, in comparison to raw milk and to regular vaccination. Study design: The study is designed as a single-blind randomized controlled trial of 6 weeks. Study population: Healthy subjects of 18-50 years of age. Interventions: 1) Raw milk, obtained from farms that comply to the high quality requirements for production of raw milk, and that has been screened according to the safety criteria for raw milk; 2) commercially available full-fat UHT milk; 3) commercially available full-fat pasteurized milk.
Double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of Arabinoxylan Rice Bran Supplementation for 12 weeks with BRM4 in HIV-infected participants with inadequate immune reconstitution.
The purpose of this research study is to compare the effectiveness and efficiency of using a sterile sheath (EndoSheath®) during cystoscopy versus a standard scope.
The purpose of this study is to compare the urinary tract infection rate on the four postoperative day between the 2 groups of patients who have undergone total mesorectal excision for cancer and low anastomosis, with either suprapubic or transurethral catheterization.
DetermInants of Antimicrobial use aNd de-escalAtion in critical care (DIANA study), is a multicenter, international, prospective, observational cohort study, aiming to describe the rate of de-escalation as well as the associated outcome and the empirical antibiotic therapy for infections at the intensive care unit.
Prospective, observational study at Stanford University Hospital comparing the Karius Infectious Disease Diagnostic Sequencing Assay to the Final Microbiologic Diagnosis in Patients with Fever and Neutropenia.
This study aims to use a clinically validated metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) assay to provide a demonstration of precision medicine for diagnosis of acute infectious disease in hospitalized patients. From June 2016 to June 2017, 200 patients will be enrolled from multiple hospitals in California and outside of California. Patients will be evaluated to determine the impact on the mNGS assay on diagnostic yield, hospital costs and clinical outcomes.
This study evaluates behavioral interventions to increase adolescent's motivation for self performed periodontal infection control, by means of adequate oral hygiene. Study subjects will be allocated to test and control group where the test will be subjected to an individually tailored oral health education program, based on cognitive- behavioral theory and principles, and the control to standard educational intervention.