View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:The present research aims to collect virological and clinical data on hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections, either in acute or chronic forms of HEV infection in North-Eastern France, with liver- or non liver-related symptoms, plus data on HEV circulation in the outside environment. The purpose of this study is to improve the diagnosis and care of HEV-infected patients, as well as the preventive features to take into account in order to avoid food- and environment-borne infections. At last, we will investigate HEV molecular characteristics, with the hypothesis that some advantageous HEV strains coul be more pathogenic for some tissues and/or organs.
Among patients with thunderclap headache who were admitted to the four participating hospitals, who has diffuse segmental vasoconstriction on CT angiography or MR angiography will be eligible for the study. Participants who meet the definition of RCVS will be enrolled as the case-patients and others will be enrolled as control-patients. The RCVS group will be defined when two or more neurologists agree by the clinical features and angiographic findings. The result of tests for varicella zoster virus titer will not be opened to neurologists until the end of the study. For case and control patients, tests for varicella zoster virus infection are (1) Pre-existing virological markers (ex. VZV-IgG, IgM, and VZV PCR in CSF or Skin lesion if present) (2) VZV-specific cell mediated immune response (CMI) at the time of admission and one month later (3) VZV in blood measured by quantitative test of viral load with real-time PCR and digital PCR for latent viral load (4) Quantitative test of viral load with real-time PCR in saliva at time of admission and one month later. Reactivation or infection of VZV of patients with RCVS and controls will be compared.
Treatment failure of Spondyloarthropathies (SpA) leads to marked functional disability, higher rates of morbidity, mortality and poor quality of life. In TB endemic countries effective and safe drugs are to be in hand to manage this group of patients. The aim of this study will be to evaluation the risk of tuberculosis and other infections in refractory SpA patients treated with tofacitinib. After having consent 174 adults will be enrolled. Follow up period will be 9 months (visits 0, 1, 3, 6 and 9). Study subjects (87) will receive tofacitinib (5 mg 12 hourly). Control patients will get etanercept (50 mg subcutaneously every 7 days interval for 1st month then 50 mg in 15 days interval for 2nd month then 50 mg every 21 days interval till final visit. Treatment efficacy assessment tool will be BASDAI, ASDAS-ESR, ASDAS-CRP and ASQoL for quality of life. Occurrences of tuberculosis and serious infection will be the primary end point of this study. The quantitative variables like ESR, CRP, BASDAI, ASDAS-ESR, ASDAS-CRP and ASQoL scores will be computed as mean and SD. Occurrences of TB and infection will be expressed in number and percentage. In between groups according to data distribution, students't test or ManWhitny U test will be done. The P value <0.05 will be considered significant. Each patient will enjoy every right to participate or refuse or even withdraw from the study at any point of time. Anonymity and data confidentiality will be maintained strictly. Ethical clearance will be obtained from Institutional Review Board (IRB) of BSMMU. The expected utility of this study will be; a) reporting on occurrence of TB and other infections in SpA patients with tofacitinib and etanercept, b) if identified safe and effective physician can use the agents without fear, c) for dose spacing of etanercept the cumulative dose will be low might make the drug affordable and also reduce the risk of TB and other infections, d) for spaced follow up schedule there will be minimized physician visit, lab testing etc.
This study is a single center, randomized controlled trial investigating the use of an abdominal closure bundle to reduce surgical site infection in patients undergoing cesarean section. The abdominal closure bundle consists of surgeon repeat scrub, changing gown and gloves, as well as usage of new instruments for closure of fascia, subcutaneous tissue, and skin. Patients will be randomized to either abdominal closure bundle or normal operative procedure. Primary outcome is surgical site infection within 30 days of procedure.
Stool and blood samples from patients with a non-typhoid Salmonella infection will be collected during an observation period of six months and analyzed for changes in the microbiota diversity and composition, mutation rates in the Salmonella strains and the specific immune response evoked by the infection. Findings are compared to healthy individuals and individuals with acute, infectious diarrhea caused by other microorganisms.
The triple treatment including Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) -clarithromycin and amoxicillin or metronidazole was proposed 30 years ago at the first Maastricht conference to treat helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and since that time, it has become the universal and standard treatment for helicobacter pylori. However, the efficacy of this triple regimen has been seriously challenged, and they are gradually becoming ineffective
Immunocompetent subjects with high load of Epstein-Barr virus DNA (EBV-DNA) in peripheral blood will be enrolled and prospectively followed up to track the natural histories of the chronic high load of EBV virus. The primary goal of this study is to explore the association of peripheral high load of EBV with the hematological malignancies, and second goal is to investigate the genetic mechanisms of immune escape and tumorigenesis of chronic EBV infection.
The foods we eat - our diet - can affect whether we develop diseases during our lives, such as diabetes or heart disease. This is because the amount and types of foods we eat can affect our weight, and because different foods are metabolised (processed) by the body in different ways. Scientists have also found that the bacteria in our guts (the gut microbiome) affects our metabolism, weight and health and that, together with a person's diet and metabolism, could be used to predict appetite and how meals affect levels of sugar (glucose) and fats (lipids) found in blood after eating. If blood sugar and fat are too high too often, there's a greater chance of developing diseases such as diabetes. The gut microbiome is different in different people. Only 10-20% of the types of bacteria found in our guts are found in everyone. This might mean that the best diet to prevent disease needs matching to a person's gut microbiome and it might be possible to find personalised foods or diets that will help reduce the chance of developing chronic disease as well as metabolic syndrome. The study investigators are recruiting volunteers aged 18 years or over from the TwinsUK cohort to take part in a study that aims to answer the questions above. The participants will need to come in for a clinical visit where they will give blood, stool, saliva and urine samples. The participants will also be given a standardised breakfast and lunch and fitted with a glucose monitor (Abbott Freestyle Libre-CE marked) to monitor their blood sugar levels. After the visit, the participants will be asked to eat standardised meals at home for breakfast for a further 12 days. Participants will also be required to prick their fingers at regular intervals to collect small amounts of blood, and to record constantly their appetite, food, physical activity and sleep using apps and wearable devices.
To explore whether gut microbiota would impact CD4 T cells recovery in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We prospectively enroll patients initiate ART and collect their fecal at followup for one year.
Immunoprophylaxis with two hepatitis B vaccinations following the hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIg) and hepatitis B vaccine at birth is largely effective in protecting infants from hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, hepatitis B infection due to immunoprophylaxis failure often occurs in approximately 10% of infants who are born to highly viremic mothers with HBeAg-positive. Maternal HBV DNA > 200,000 IU/mL is the major independent risk for mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). A recent randomized controlled trial has shown that Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) use during the third trimester of pregnancy could safely reduce the rate of MTCT with few adverse effects when combined with the administration of the standard immunoprophylaxis to the infants. However, HBIg is expensive and not available in many developing countries, resulting approximately 30% of infant infection when they received only HBV vaccination. The present study aims to investigate if highly viremic mothers who are treated with TDF from the second trimester to delivery in combination of infant's standard series of HBV vaccinations (omission of HBIg) have a comparable MTCT rates, when compared to those of mothers who receive TDF at the third trimester in combination of infant's standard HBV vaccinations and a birth dose of HBIg.