View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:On a global scale, tuberculosis (TB) is the single most important infectious cause of morbidity and mortality. The World Health Organization has estimated that one-third of the entire world's population carries latent TB infection. A key TB control strategy is therapy of latent TB infection (LTBI). The current standard regimen is 9 months of Isoniazid (9INH). This regimen has excellent efficacy if taken regularly, but its effectiveness is substantially reduced by poor compliance. Serious side effects, such as hepato-toxicity can occur. Three shorter alternatives have been recommended: 6 months INH (6INH), 2 months Rifampin - Pyrazinamide (2RIF-PZA) and 4 months Rifampin (4RIF). The regimen of 6INH is less efficacious than 9INH, while 2RIF-PZA has been largely abandoned because of serious toxicity. Based on some evidence in treatment of LTBI, and extrapolating from extensive experience with treatment of active TB, it is believed that 4RIF has similar efficacy as 9INH. Therefore, the investigators are initiating the first multi-site international randomized trial that will compare the effectiveness of 4RIF and 9INH in preventing active tuberculosis.
A prospective epidemiological study conducted in pediatric hematology oncology center in Hadassah medical center. The study will include all newly diagnosed pediatric cancer patients age 0-18 years admitted with fever during chemotherapy. In each event of febrile episode during chemotherapy, the following data will be collected using a patient data form and computerized software. Demographic data: age, gender, ethnicity. Clinical data: Underlying disease, immunizations, prophylactic antibiotics, presence of central venous catheter, intensity of chemotherapy, duration of fever, duration and severity of neutropenia, diagnosis of present event. Imaging data Microbiological data Outcome The statistical analysis will be performed by an epidemiologist and statistician using the SPSS 12.0 software.
The objective of this study is to estimate the costs of empiric antibiotic therapy and hospitalization costs for patients with a complicated intra-abdominal infection, and to assess the impact of treatment failure of initial antibiotic empiric therapy on pharmacological and total healthcare costs for these patients in Greece.
This study tests the following hypothesis: Does induced asymptomatic bacteriuria (E. coli 83972) protect against symptomatic urinary tract infections in individuals with bladder emptying dysfunctions and prone to recurrent infection episodes? The study is performed using a double-blind randomized study protocol with a cross-over, with re-inoculations being patient-blinded (phase 1). After patients have fulfilled the cross-over, those who have had bacteriuria or placebo-periods < 12 months will be subjected to additional patient blinded inoculations (phase 2). During the entire study (phase 1+2) the study-team and the patients are unaware of urine culture results.
This is a pilot study of treatment of acute HIV infection with a once daily regimen of Emtricitabine, Tenofovir and Efavirenz. The primary objectives of this study are: 1. To determine the safety and tolerability, and the virologic and immunologic efficacy of FTC, TDF, and efavirenz given once daily to patients with acute HIV infection. 2. To assess the impact of once daily therapy combined with a standardized adherence program on treatment adherence, virologic suppression, and rate of viral load decline in blood and infectious fluids (semen, cervico-vaginal secretions). 3. To define the prevalence of genotypic and phenotypic resistance to antiretroviral agents among persons diagnosed with acute HIV infection in the Southeastern United States.
This is a register-based, epidemiological study of HPV type distribution in women aged 18 years and above with recurrent conization following a primary conization for high grade lesions/ microinvasive carcinomas. This study will involve data collection from different databases in the Cancer Registry of Norway.
Background: - Fungal infections of the lung (pneumonia) can be caused by molds, such as Aspergillus and Zygomycetes, but these causes are often difficult for a doctor to diagnose. Early and accurate diagnosis of these infections can help doctors to select the correct medicines for proper treatment. - A number of methods are used to diagnose fungal pneumonia. Ones that are commonly used in clinical practice include radiographic imaging (chest X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans), blood tests, and cultures taken from fluid from the lungs (broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid). Other new methods may improve the diagnosis of fungal pneumonias. These methods include tests that can detect DNA from the fungal germ in blood and BAL fluid of some patients with these infections. Objectives: - To help develop better and more accurate methods of diagnosing fungal lung infections. - To detect fungal DNA and chemicals in the bloodstream and BAL fluid of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia. Eligibility: - Immunocompromised patients who are currently enrolled in another NIH protocol and who have a CT scan that shows a possible fungal infection of the lung. Design: - Researchers will review patients' existing medical records and CT scans, and current pneumonia treatment plans. - Patients will provide blood and BAL samples for the duration of their treatment for pneumonia, as required by researchers. Additional CT scans will not be performed, except as part of existing treatment plans.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous CXA 101 and comparator in complicated urinary tract infection
Bundling infection control interventions should decrease incidence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in General Medical Wards at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
The goal of this study is to determine whether injecting the antibiotic vancomycin directly into surgical wounds can decrease the rate of infection following implantation of neurosurgical devices.