View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:The objective of the study is to assess safety and impact of a non-antibiotic therapy approach with Canephron® N in the management strategy of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (UTIs).
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety in Japanese adult subjects with Intra-abdominal/Pelvic infections receiving Metronidazole IV 1,500-2,000 mg/day in combination with ceftriaxone sodium.
This phase III, multi-centre, comparative, double-blind, randomized trial on 2 parallel groups is designed to evaluate a strategy for the prevention of HIV infection including "on demand" antiretroviral pre-exposure with Truvada versus placebo, associated with overall prevention (counselling, condoms, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) screening, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccinations and post-exposure treatment of HIV infection) in men who have sex with men (MSM), exposed to the risk of HIV infection. Indeed recent studies have reported a higher incidence of new HIV infection in MSM as compared to the general population, new approaches to the prevention of HIV infection are, therefore, necessary in order to consider the limits of current strategies.
Use of long-term central venous access devices (including tunneled lines and ports) can be associated with development of bloodstream infection caused by build-up of bacteria or fungus on the inside of the device, called central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI). This infection generally requires hospital admission and antibiotic therapy. This treatment usually helps eradicate the infection but sometimes it is not possible to clear or it comes back after treatment. Also, once someone has had one line infection the chance of getting another one is higher. This study will test whether treatment and secondary prophylaxis of CLABSI with ethanol lock therapy (ELT) can significantly reduce the risk of treatment failure (comprising failure to clear initial infection, relapse or reinfection) in children and adolescents treated for cancer or hematologic disorders or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). ELT involves injecting a solution of ethanol and water into the line or port, allowing it to dwell for 2 hours, and then withdrawing the solution.
The investigators propose a randomized controlled clinical trial to determine the comparative effectiveness of chlorhexidine-alcohol and iodine-alcohol preoperative skin preparation for preventing surgical site infections at cesarean section. While estimates vary, surgical site infections complicate up to 5 - 10% of all cesarean sections and result in significant human suffering and excess health care costs. Interventions such as preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis reduce surgical site infections by 60%, but the rate of infection remains high. There is therefore a great need to identify and test other potential interventions to further reduce these infections. The skin is a major source of pathogens that cause surgical site infection. Therefore, optimizing preoperative skin antisepsis has the potential to decrease postoperative surgical site infections. There is paucity of evidence to guide the choice of antiseptic for skin preparation at cesarean section. To date, only two underpowered trials have been published comparing two methods of preoperative skin preparation at cesarean section. A recent randomized trial in adults undergoing clean-contaminated mostly general surgical procedures demonstrated a 41% reduction in surgical site infection with the use of chlorhexidine-alcohol when compared to the more commonly used povidone-iodine. While it is plausible that findings from trials in other clean-contaminated surgical procedures may apply to cesarean sections, physiological changes in pregnancy, the peculiar dual microbial source for cesarean-related infections and the hormone-mediated immune-modulation in pregnancy make the validity of such extrapolation uncertain. The study has the following specific aims: Primary Aim: To test the hypothesis that preoperative chlorhexidine-alcohol skin preparation at cesarean section significantly reduces surgical site infections compared to iodine-alcohol. Secondary Aim 1: To test the hypothesis that preoperative chlorhexidine-alcohol skin preparation at cesarean section significantly reduces bacterial contamination at the surgical site compared to iodine-alcohol. Secondary Aim 2: To determine clinical outcomes and medical costs associated with cesarean-related infections and quantify potential cost savings attributable to use of chlorhexidine-alcohol for preoperative skin preparation at cesarean section.
The overall goal of the present study is to provide evidence of concordant test results using the Identigene STD Test Collection Kit for self-collection and transport of specimens to a qualified testing laboratory. It is expected that this method will aid in detection of CT and NG and that offering a method of self-collection of a male urine or female vaginal swab specimen will encourage testing for CT and NG and improve the overall detection of reporting of these STDs by allowing persons who suspect they have the infection to be tested in a discrete and confidential manner. The reporting of CT and NG are underestimated and many subjects will not visit a clinic or obtain treatment if gone undetected. Thus, allowing a self-collection kit that is more convenient may result in improved reporting, identification of CT and NG positive individuals, and subsequent treatment to help prevent the spread of these diseases. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the Identigene STD Test Collection Kit and labeled instructions for use instructions provide test results that are concordant (at least 95% or better) with test results obtained using the Gen-Probe APTIMA Combo 2 specimen collection and transport methods performed under the supervision of a healthcare provider. The laboratory technology and test method used for the IDTG-100.
The purpose of this study is: 1. To assess the validity and reproducibility of the MP Diagnostics HTLV Blot 2.4. 2. To conduct a sensitivity analysis of the HTLV Blot 2.4 using a known positive population.
Hypothesis Response guided therapy improves significantly the overall SVR in Hispanics compared to historical control. There is no difference in SVR between patients with an undetectable HCV RNA at week 8 and week 28 who received a 4 week lead-in of PR plus 24 weeks of PR+BOC based treatment and patients with detectable HCV RNA at week 8 and undetectable HCV RNA at week 24 who received a lead-in of PR plus 32 weeks PR+BOC followed by based therapy and 12 weeks of PR.
This study is addressed to patients suffering from an acute febrile upper respiratory tract infection suspected to be of viral origin. The purpose of this study is to determine the antipyretic efficacy (reduction of fever by lowering the body temperature from a raised state) of Aspirin in doses of 500 and 1000 mg (study medication) compared to the one of Paracetamol in doses of 500 and 1000 mg (comparator medication) as well as the one of Placebo (comparator medication without an active substance). Despite of its common use for fever treatment, the scientific data in adults which support the antipyretic efficacy of Aspirin are sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to collect such data.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of inhaled zanamivir in treatment of influenza A and B virus infections in China.