View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:A Pilot Study of the WoundWand™ Debridement Device on Infection Prevention
In this study, investigators are trying to see if infusion of "m-CTLs" will prevent or treat cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and adenovirus (AdV) reactivation or infection after cord blood transplant. Patients with blood cell cancer, other blood disease or a genetic disease may receive a cord blood transplant (UCBT) from an unrelated donor. After receiving a cord blood transplant, they are at risk of infections until a new immune system to fight infections grows from the cord blood cells. In this study, investigators are trying to give special cells from the cord blood called T cells. These cells will try to fight viruses that can cause infection. Investigators will test to see if blood cells from donor that have been grown in a special way, can prevent patients from getting an infection. EBV, AdV and CMV are viruses that can cause serious life-threatening infections in patients who have weak immune systems after transplant. T lymphocytes can kill viral cells but normally there are not enough of them to kill all the virus infected cells after transplant. Some researcher have taken T cells from a person's blood, grown more of them in the laboratory and then given them back to the person during a viral infection after a bone marrow transplant. Some of these studies have shown a positive therapeutic effect in patients receiving the CTLs (specially trained T cells) after a viral infection in the post-transplant period. In this study we are trying to prevent or treat viral infections by given the CTLs soon after getting the umbilical cord blood transplant. With this study, investigators want to see if they can use a kind of white blood cell called T cells to prevent or treat AdV, EBV and CMV infection. Investigators will grow these T cells from the cord blood before transplant. These cells have been trained to attack adenovirus/EBV/CMV- infected cells and are called multivirus-specific cytotoxic (killer) T-cells or "m-CTL." Investigators would plan to give patients one dose of m-CTL any time from 30 to 364 days after your transplant. They have used T cells made in this way from the blood of donors to prevent infections in patients who are getting a bone marrow or blood stem cell transplant but this will be the first time investigators make them from cord blood.
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there has been a change in the number of hospital admissions for respiratory tract infections among children following the July 2007 introduction of a ban on smoking in public places in England.
Many studies have showed that rapid point-of-care (POC) c-reactive protein (CRP) test can reduce inappropriate use of antibiotic at primary health care level. In Vietnam, prevalence of antibiotic abuse for community acute respiratory infection has been reported. This study will test the hypothesis that CRP POC testing for patients with non-severe acute respiratory illness at primary healthcare stations reduces inappropriate antibiotic use safely. The study will be conducted at ten district health care facilities in Hanoi, Viet Nam. Investigators intend to enroll 2,000 participants aged 6-65 years with non-severe acute respiratory infection. Patients will be randomly allocated to the control or the intervention arm. Participants in the control group will be treated according to routine care. Participants in the intervention arm will have a CRP test, the results of which will be available to the health care practitioner to contribute to their diagnosis and treatment decisions. All patients will be followed-up via telephone call after 14 days. The study will compare the proportion of patients in each arm receiving any antibiotics within 2 weeks of study enrollment.
This is an observational prospective study of an in-vitro diagnostic (IVD) assay planned to enroll 632 subjects. The study will be conducted in two stages: Stage A is aimed at identifying individual biomarkers and constructing a multi-parametric diagnostic model, whereas Stage B is aimed at testing the multi-parametric diagnostic model using a fresh cohort of patients. A collection of clinical, radiological and laboratory data will be gathered in order to establish a final diagnosis. Blood samples will be analyzed and the levels of approximately 700 and 250,000 biomarkers will be determined using immunoassays and molecular measurements respectively. A final diagnosis will be determined based on a majority decision of a panel of three or more independent physicians. Based on the final diagnosis, the accuracy of individual biomarkers and combined sets of biomarkers for differentiating between distinct groups of patients will be evaluated.
Set-up of a biobank for patients with an estimated date of infection seroconverters: store plasma and cells samples at initial contact and during follow-up for future analysis and analysis in international collaborative cohort seroconverters.
The principle purpose of this multicenter trial is to determine the definition, timing and the percentage of nosocomial RSV epidemics throughout Turkey. In addition, secondary purpose of the trial is to determine the prevention strategies of further spread of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is the reconstitution of normal flora by a "stool transplant" from a healthy individual to a C. difficile-infected recipient, and has long been a successful approach to recurrent/refractory C. difficile. The purpose of this project is to generate a frozen FMT inoculum from well-screened healthy volunteer donors which can be used repeatedly, particularly in those who do not have a healthy intimate partner or other related donor. Delivery of FMT has been performed colonoscopically, by fecal retention enema, or by the nasogastric route. This study will evaluate the safety and secondarily the efficacy of an inoculum administered by frozen orally-administered capsules. Subjects with recurrent/relapsing C. difficile infection will receive FMT via oral capsules The primary endpoint is assessment of safety as measured by clinical events (GI, procedural, systemic). Efficacy will be defined as a resolution of diarrhea off antibiotics for C. difficile, in the absence of a need for OTHER systemic antibiotics, i.e. resumption of a normal bowel status for the individual. Secondary efficacy endpoints include weight, subjective well-being and relative clinical improvement per standardized questionnaire, and subject qualitative assessment of, and satisfaction with, the transplant procedures. Subjects will be monitored for clinical safety by history and standard exams and the follow-up questionnaire as well as followed closely by phone and in person.
Background The over use of antimicrobials is recognised as the main selective pressure driving the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in human bacterial pathogens. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are one of the most common infections presented in primary care and empirical antimicrobial treatment is currently recommended. Previous research has identified that a substantial proportion of Irish GPs prescribe antimicrobials for UTI that are not in accordance with the Guidelines for Antimicrobial Prescribing in Primary Care in Ireland. Aim To design, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention on GP antimicrobial prescribing and adult (18 years of age and over) patients' antimicrobial consumption when presenting with a suspected UTI. Methods The SIMPLE study is a randomised three armed intervention with practice level randomisation. Adult patients presenting with suspected UTI in primary care will be included in the study. The intervention integrates components for both GPs and patients. For GPs the intervention includes interactive workshops, audit and feedback reports and automated electronic prompts summarising recommended first line antimicrobial treatment and, for one intervention arm, a recommendation to consider delayed antimicrobial prescribing. For patients multimedia applications and information leaflets are included. A minimum of 920 patients will be recruited through 30 practices. The primary outcome is change in prescribing of first line antimicrobials in accordance with the Guidelines for Antimicrobial Prescribing in Primary Care in Ireland. The intervention will take place over 15 months. Data will be collected through a remote electronic anonymised data extraction system (iPCRN), a text messaging system and through GP and patient interviews and surveys. The intervention will be strengthened by the implementation of a social marketing framework and an economic evaluation.
The wound infection rate in the groin after vascular surgery has been denoted to be high since the wound surveillance register started in 2005. The current wound infection rate based on a validation study was 22.9% (24/105 patients with groin incision(s) between 1 March to 30 June in 2012). This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate if negative pressure wound therapy on closed inguinal incisions (INPWT) after vascular surgical procedures can reduce the risk for surgical site infections and other wound complications.