View clinical trials related to Infant, Newborn, Diseases.
Filter by:The study will follow a cross-sectional survey design. The target population for the survey was neonatologists, paediatricians, paediatric surgeons and neonatal surgeons treating the newborn infants. The study will be nationwide survey of neonatal specialists regarding the common neonatal surgeries performed in the tertiary care teaching hospital in India. This cross-sectional survey study will commence once the project is approved by DST's Start-up Research Grant (SRG) approval committee and will continue for the period of two years. The protocol of this study was approved by the Institutional Ethics committee of the recognized tertiary care teaching university and will be conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki guideline (Revised) 2013 and Indian Council of Medical Research guidelines 2017.
There are many causes of admission of neonates in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.So knowing such causes and their outcomes will give us knowledge about different risk factors of each disease and the prognosis of each cause.
In recent days, necrotizing enterocolitis is one of the most common and devastating problem in preterm infants. Therefore, it became a high growing research topic in the last decade. The development of medical care increases the survival of preterm babies and consequently increase the number of cases with this serious problem. A systematic review shows the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis is about 2-7% in babies less than 32weeks gestation and 5-22% in baby's birth weight less than 1000gram.
This study compares giving prophylactic IgM enriched Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) with placebo in 1 hour after birth, in neonates with risk factors of Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis (EONS). In addition to the intervention, standard regimen antibiotics are also given within 1 hour. The IVIG is given for 3 days and primary and secondary outcomes will be collected. Risk factors are both from maternal and neonate origin.
The aim of this clinical audit is to assess the degree of adherence of medical physicians in Assiut university children hospital protocol for diagnosis and management of neonatal shock to the international guidelines.
Sixty neonates and infants will be enrolled and randomised into two groups of n=30 each . For their surgical procedures, one group general (GA) anaesthesia the second group will receive a combined general and epidural anaesthesia (CGEA). Anaesthetic technique: Patients in the GA group will be induced with intravenous propofol (2-4 mg.kg-1) and fentanyl (2-4 µg.kg-1) and will receive rocuronium bromide (0.5 mg.kg-1) to facilitate endotracheal intubation. Anaesthesia will be maintained with sevoflurane (2-3%) in an air/oxygen mixture as well as intravenous fentanyl as required. In the (CGEA) 0.5 ml.kg-1 of 0.25% bupivacaine will be injected into the epidural catheter, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.1% bupivacaine at a rate of 0.2 mg.kg-1.hr-1 for up to 48 hours postoperatively. Assessment of anaesthetic efficacy will be measured Intraoperative care vital signs. And will continuously be monitored with a Datex AS/3 (Engestrom®, Helsinki, Finland) monitor. The use of antibiotic prophylaxis will be determined by the degree of bowel contamination during surgery, with the commonest regimen consisting of penicillin, gentamicin and metronidazole will be administered. Antibiotics will be continued for 36-48 hours postoperatively to prevent infection arising from the disturbed bowel flora. Postoperative care, following surgery, will be conducted. The feeding volume will be increased in steps as long as the volume of regurgitated fluid will be less than 20% of the administered breast milk or formula volume. Full feeding will define as oral tolerance of at least 80% of daily maintenance volume. In cases of abdominal distension or vomiting, feeding will withheld until symptom resolution. The nasogastric tube will be removed on bowel function restoration The CRIES score will be use to assess the severity and duration of postoperative pain during the patients' NICU stay. If the CRIES score is ≥4, fentanyl will be continuously intravenously infused in both study group. Fentanyl will be also administered to CGEA patients who experienced pain despite a continuous epidural infusion at 1-5 µg.kg-1.h-1. The amount of fentanyl required for adequate postoperative pain relief will be recorded in both groups.
Glucose has analgesic and calming effects in newborns. To date, it is not known whether the beneficial effects extend to care giving procedures that are performed after painful procedures. The investigators objective is to determine the effect of glucose 25% analgesia in comparison to Materna RTF Stage 1 for procedural pain on infant pain responses during a subsequent care giving procedure.
Diazoxide is an oral hyperglycemic medication. Diazoxide has been proven effective for treating hypoglycemia in infants and children with some types of persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. The mechanism of action results in decreased insulin secretion. One of the causes of hypoglycemia in infants of diabetic mothers occurs due to a transient hyperinsulinemic state postnatally. The investigators have clinical experience and success using diazoxide in their unit for patients with hypoglycemia not adequately managed with intravenous (iv) dextrose and enteral supplementation. In this randomized controlled study the investigators expect that by using diazoxide as the initial treatment for infants of diabetic mothers with asymptomatic hypoglycemia (blood glucose of 2.5 to 2.0mmol/L), the investigators will be able to decrease the number of infants requiring an intravenous by at least thirty percent.