View clinical trials related to HIV.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acceptability and uptake of a combination package of biomedical, behavioral and community-level HIV prevention interventions and services for men who have sex with men (MSM) in South Africa.
The purpose of this study is to: - find out the intensity and duration of the immune response after multiple injections of the investigational study product AGS-004 made from one's own dendritic cells and one's own strain of HIV; - understand the changes in the body's HIV DNA , and HIV-1 RNA in peripheral and resting CD4+ cells prior to and following administration of AGS- 004. - find out if low levels of HIV virus that are not detectable by standard HIV RNA assays will decrease following the administration of AGS-004. - find out if it is safe to give individuals with HIV multiple injections of AGS-004 made from the person's own dendritic cells and their own strain of HIV. - find out if administration of AGS-004 decreases the amount of latent HIV infection in resting CD4 cells
The study aims to describe the changes of combination antiretroviral therapy and the causes that motivated them.
The purpose of this study is to determine efficient, scalable, evidence-based strategies to link HIV positive individuals to care and HIV negative individuals to prevention measures, such as voluntary male circumcision.
This study is being done to understand if using birth control causes changes in the immune cells within the reproductive tract of healthy women. Immune cells are important because they help prevent infections from starting and help fight infections that have started. Immune cells are also the type of cells that HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infects so understanding more about them will help to better understand how to prevent the spread of HIV. Immune cells will be studied from the reproductive tract of women who want to start using one of the following contraceptives: Depo-Provera (DMPA), NET-EN, MPA/E2 (Cyclofem®), the levonorgestrel subdermal implant (Jadelle® ), the etonogestrel subdermal implant (Implanon® or Nexplanon® ) and the copper IUD.
The SHAZ! study was a randomized trial that compared a package of life skills education, reproductive health care services, and economic livelihood development to a control package of life skills education and reproductive health care services alone. SHAZ! enrolled young women 16 to 19 years old who had been orphaned and who were currently out of school and not infected with HIV. Individuals participated in the project for up to two years.
This Phase 1 clinical trial will evaluate MIV-150, a third generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, co-formulated with a potentially potent agent, zinc acetate for the prevention of HIV infection in women. This is the first in-human of PC-1005 (MIV-150/zinc acetate in a carrageenan gel), the first study in which females will be exposed to MIV-150, the first time MIV-150 will be administered topically, and the first time MIV-150 will be administered intravaginally.
Immunosuppressed patients are at increased risk for complications of influenza infection, including secondary pneumonia and are recommended for annual influenza vaccination. Thus, the appearance of a novel subtype of influenza A virus designated as 2009 swine H1N1 virus has added an extra layer of complexity in the immunization regimen in this population. In general, susceptibility to swine H1N1 infection among young population is higher as young adults and children completely lack protective titers. According to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), 70 percent of people hospitalized with H1N1 have been "high risk" cases, including persons 65 years of age or older, or people with compromised immune systems as observed during HIV infection. This has prompted CDC to include HIV infected children to be one of the five groups to be vaccinated with the new H1N1 vaccine (National Center for Immunization). Currently no information exists about the nature of the immune response to the vaccine against H1N1 swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) in HIV infected children. It is unknown whether HIV impairs the immunogenicity of the vaccine predisposing this population to infection with S-OIV. Thus, a pilot proposal is being undertaken to study the mechanism of H1N1 vaccine protection in HIV infected children, by investigating the correlation of infection status with seroresponse, duration of response and development of influenza-like illness following vaccine. Additionally we will establish whether we can identify immune signatures by characteristic gene expression patterns correlating with the vaccine immunogenicity that can be predictive of efficacy for "good" and "suboptimal" vaccination regimen. Data generated will be used to initiate a comprehensive study on the immunogenicity of the influenza vaccines in HIV-infected children and youth, which is critically important to address the health care needs of this vulnerable population.
Despite significant increases in global health investment and the availability of low-cost, efficacious interventions designed to reduce mother to child HIV transmission in low and middle income countries with high HIV burden, the translation of these scientific advances into effective delivery strategies has been slow, uneven and incomplete. As a result, pediatric HIV infection remains largely uncontrolled. Enhancing the implementation of pMTCT interventions through contextually appropriate systems analysis and improvement approaches can potentially reduce drop-offs along the pMTCT cascade, leading to dramatic improvements in infant and maternal outcomes. The goal of this proposal is to develop a model for systematic assessment and improvement of pMTCT services in sub-Saharan Africa. In specific aim 1, we will identify health system factors and service delivery approaches associated with high and low performing pMTCT services in Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya and Mozambique. In specific aim 2 we will adapt evaluate the feasibility and impact of a systems analysis tool and associated performance enhancement approach for pMTCT services in Côte d'Ivoire, Kenya and Mozambique. This systems analysis tool and associated performance enhancement approach is currently being developed and piloted for pMTCT services in Mozambique. The results of this implementation research are expected to generate knowledge of global health significance, and by disseminating the study results and intervention tools through the broad PEPFAR network, can rapidly impact pMTCT service delivery enhancements across the highest need countries.
Although HIV testing and highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) have improved survival with HIV, the relatively low level of ART adherence presents a significant public health challenge in terms of the potential to transmit HIV. Preventing transmission in virally unsuppressed HIV+ MSM who have condomless anal sex (CAS) with serodiscordant partners can have a great public health impact. As new HIV infections in MSM have been attributed in part to increased access to sex partners online, it is critical to deliver behavioral interventions to HIV+ MSM online to reach many high-risk men at a relatively low cost. The investigators' theoretically-grounded HIV prevention videos about CAS, HIV disclosure, and testing in MSM were rigorously evaluated among MSM recruited online. Findings indicated significant reductions in CAS and significant increases in HIV status disclosure at 3-month follow-up, compared to baseline. In a subsequent online, randomized controlled trial (RCT) for MSM, investigators found significant reductions in CAS among MSM in the video arm at 60-day follow-up, compared to baseline; HIV+ MSM in the video arm reduced UAI, including serodiscordant CAS (SDCAS) at 60-day follow-up, compared to baseline. Based on these findings, investigators worked with POZ.com (POZ), the largest website for HIV+ individuals, to test whether they could recruit ethnically diverse HIV+ MSM and were very successful. The investigators have identified a potentially highly effective and feasible risk reduction intervention approach for HIV+ MSM. With the commitment of POZ and a strong team of experts, the investigators propose to reshoot the videos to show the perspective of an HIV-positive man's experience with relationships and struggle ART adherence. The intervention videos will provide short doses for 10 online sessions (including boosters). We will target HIV+ MSM who are virally unsuppressed and monitor self-reported clinical indicators (i.e., viral load). Further, we will target online recruitment by race/ethnicity to enroll equal numbers of HIV+ White, Black and Hispanic MSM for balanced representation; improving retention with incentives and a proven online platform; including educational information about ART adherence; and cost and cost-effectiveness analyses for potentially averted HIV infections to determine health-related cost savings. Online, the investigators will recruit and follow a national sample of 1,500 high-risk, virally unsuppressed HIV+ MSM for 12 months.