View clinical trials related to HIV.
Filter by:The proposed study addresses a significant public health threat of HIV, HCV and other STIs among a very high risk population of active IDUs and their sexual partners in Kazakhstan a region that is experiencing one of the fastest rising HIV epidemics in the world. There is a race to develop and implement effective HIV preventive interventions for IDUs and their sexual partners to stem the spread of HIV, HCV and other STIs in Almaty, Shu and other Central Asian towns along drug trafficking routes. The proposed study will test the effectiveness of a couplesbased HIV/STI risk reduction intervention to decrease new cases of HIV and Hepatitis C (HCV) and incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), as well as to reduce unsafe injection practices and increase condom use among injecting drug users (IDUs) and their heterosexual, intimate partners in Kazakhstan.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether a combined individual and structural level stigma reduction intervention is effective in reducing high risk injecting and sexual behaviors among HIV positive injecting drug users.
This study proposes to balance supply and demand of male circumcision through a systematic scale-up of coordinated biomedical surgical and behavioral counseling services. The study will compare the combined biobehavioral sexual risk reduction intervention to the standard of care, which focuses exclusively on the provision of circumcision services alone, with the goal of optimizing both local and national HIV prevention efforts.
Tuberculosis (also known as TB) is a common infection and a major cause of death in children. Effective treatment using a combination of anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) medications saves lives, but dosages of these medications are not well established in children. Several research studies have shown that the recommended dosages of the anti-TB medications in children do not lead to adequate blood levels to kill the bacteria in some children. This situation may lead to treatment failure and emergence of drug resistance. As a result, the world Health Organization (WHO) recently recommended increased dosages for all the TB medications in children. This study is being conducted to find out if the increased dosages of the anti-TB drugs are safe and lead to adequate drug levels in the blood of children with TB with or without HIV infection.
The aim of the investigators study is to demonstrate in healthy subjects and a cohort of patients infected with HIV, the presence of miRNAs in circulating peripheral blood microparticles (MPs).
MTN-017 is a Phase 2, multi-site, randomized, six-sequence, two three-period, open label crossover study, examining the effects of oral Truvada and reduced glycerin 1% tenofovir gel. The study population will be sexually active, HIV-uninfected males who are 18 years of age or older, who report a history of receptive anal intercourse in the past 3 months. Each of the study product regimens offers different advantages to participants seeking an effective HIV prevention agent. How these relative advantages will compare in terms of safety, acceptability, systemic and local absorption, and adherence will be examined within this study.
HIV-infected patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Large investigations support an inverse correlation between HDL-C levels and coronary heart disease. Therefore a treatment lowering HDL-C such as niacin could reduce the risk of atheroprogression not only through its benefit in terms of lipid profile, but also by reducing atherosclerotic inflammation. The study aims at showing that a therapy targeting HDL-C increase in HIV-infected patients on suppressive cART has the potential for reducing subclinical atherosclerotic inflammation associated with HIV itself in HIV-individuals on cART. NILACH is a randomised, multicenter, double blind, placebo controlled, 48 weeks trial to test the effect of the newly marketed niacin/laropiprant on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in 90 subjects. - Regimen 1: ER niacin/laropiprant 1g/20 mg for the first 4 weeks and 2g/40mg from week 5 to the end of the study (the titration aims to reduce adverse reactions) - Regimen 2: ER niacin/laropiprant placebo p.m. The primary end point is the change in mean common carotid intima-media thickness from baseline and 48 weeks, compared between the niacin/laropiprant group and the placebo group. The proposed in vivo experiments should provide insights on the potential benefits of niacin treatment of cardiovascular disease in HIV patients. In addition, we will be able to further clarify the role of systemic inflammatory mediators in the development of early atherosclerosis of HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy. Detection and treatment of non-infectious co-morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases have become essential for HIV-infected individuals exposed to lifelong antiretroviral therapy and go beyond mere management of opportunistic infections or virologic suppression.
This is a randomized controlled intervention trial with 1,500 pregnant and postpartum women to examine the efficacy of an enhanced model of ongoing post-test support for women attending antenatal and postnatal care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Through the intervention, the investigators will tailor voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV to the ANC setting and provide a continuum of psychosocial support for pregnant women through: (1) a standardized health education video before HIV pre-test counseling; (2) HIV pre- and post-test counseling sessions that prepare women for decisions related to testing, serostatus disclosure and anti-retroviral (ARV) prophylaxis and help women plan strategies for sexual risk behavior change; (3) two additional post-test counseling sessions postpartum focusing on legal education and referral, partner testing, sexual risk behavior change and family planning decisions and; (4) an active referral system to post-test support groups run by a clinically trained staff psychologist and (5) an active referral system to legal services run by a lawyer at the clinic. Through this intervention trial the investigators will be testing the following hypotheses: H1: Women receiving the intervention will have significantly lower sexual risk of HIV at 14 weeks and 9-months post-partum as compared to women in the control arm. Sexual risk of HIV will be measured by: STI incidence (Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia), consistent condom use, unprotected sex in past 30 days, and unprotected sex since delivery. H2: Women receiving the intervention will report significantly better outcomes related to prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) service uptake at 14 weeks and 9 months post-partum as compared to women in the control arm. PMTCT service uptake will be measured by acceptance of HIV VCT among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women; acceptance of ARVs, adherence to national infant feeding guidelines, and family planning use among HIV-positive women. H3: Women in the intervention arm will report significantly better psychosocial outcomes at 14 weeks and 9 months post-partum as compared to women in the control arm. Psychosocial outcomes will be measured by: perceived social support, emotional distress, and partner violence among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.
The purpose of this non-interventional study is to implement a survey initiative to assess HIV prevalence for one or more diseases and/or conditions within a specific segment of the population not yet diagnosed with HIV, who presents for care with the specific disease/condition. The list of diseases below is not indicative of the most important indicator diseases for HIV but rather a list of diseases suggested for surveillance. This study will enrol patients presenting with the following diseases/conditions: 1. Presenting for care of malignant lymphoma, irrespective of type 2. Presenting for care of cervical or anal dysplasia or cancer, (Cervical CIN II and above) 3. Presenting for care of Hepatitis B or C virus infection (acute or chronic - and irrespective of time of diagnosis relative to time of survey), 4. Presenting with ongoing mononucleosis-like illness 5. Presenting with unexplained leukocytopenia or thrombocytopenia lasting at least 4 weeks 6. Presenting with seborrheic dermatitis / exanthema 7. Presenting with pneumonia, admitted to hospital for at least 24h 8. Presenting with unexplained lymphadenopathy 9. Presenting with peripheral neuropathy of unknown cause (diagnosed by neurologist) 10. Presenting with primary lung cancer 11. Presenting with severe or recalcitrant psoriasis (newly diagnosed)
Conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the hypothesis that offering client-centered HIV counseling and testing (HCT) to blood donor candidates will reduce the risk of HIV contamination in the blood supply and also increase appropriate referrals to preventive and care services to persons in need in São Paulo, Brazil.