Clinical Trial Details
— Status: Completed
Administrative data
| NCT number |
NCT03678857 |
| Other study ID # |
22261 |
| Secondary ID |
|
| Status |
Completed |
| Phase |
N/A
|
| First received |
|
| Last updated |
|
| Start date |
September 15, 2018 |
| Est. completion date |
June 1, 2020 |
Study information
| Verified date |
December 2020 |
| Source |
Brandon University |
| Contact |
n/a |
| Is FDA regulated |
No |
| Health authority |
|
| Study type |
Interventional
|
Clinical Trial Summary
Emerging evidence suggests that the timing of creatine supplementation may be an important
regulator of muscle growth and strength. It is unclear whether creatine ingested before or
after resistance training is more beneficial. A limitation of previous research is the use of
a between subject design. A between subject design is associated with several potential
confounders (habitual diet, genetics, activities of daily living, etc.) that may have masked
the true effect. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of creatine timing
(creatine before vs. creatine after) using a randomized, double blind, repeated measures,
within-subject design. Participants will resistance train their left arm and left leg one day
and their right arm and right leg the next day. Participants will supplement with creatine
BEFORE one of the training days (randomized to either left or right side) and on the opposite
training day (opposite side of the body to the previous training day) supplement with
creatine AFTER training. Having the same person in both conditions will control for genetics,
habitual diet, other daily activities, and so on, that may have confounded previous research.
Muscle mass and strength changes will be measured in each limb prior to and following 8 weeks
of training to determine whether creatine timing influenced muscle growth.
Research Question: To determine whether creatine supplementation timing (i.e., before versus
after training) effects 8 weeks of resistance training adaptations (i.e., muscle growth and
strength changes).
Description:
Emerging evidence suggests that the timing of creatine supplementation may be an important
regulator of muscle growth and strength. It is unclear whether creatine ingested before or
after resistance training is more beneficial. A limitation of previous research is the use of
a between subject design. A between subject design is associated with several potential
confounders (habitual diet, genetics, activities of daily living, etc.) that may have masked
the true effect. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of creatine timing
(creatine before vs. creatine after) using a randomized, double blind, repeated measures,
within-subject design. Participants will resistance train their left arm and left leg one day
and their right arm and right leg the next day. Participants will supplement with creatine
BEFORE one of the training days (randomized to either left or right side) and on the opposite
training day (opposite side of the body to the previous training day) supplement with
creatine AFTER training. Having the same person in both conditions will control for genetics,
habitual diet, other daily activities, and so on, that may have confounded previous research.
Muscle mass and strength changes will be measured in each limb prior to and following 8 weeks
of training to determine whether creatine timing influenced muscle growth.
Methods:
Day 1 - A 3-day dietary record (to determine typical energy intake and macronutrient
breakdown for participant characteristics), anthropometric testing (height and weight), age,
muscle thickness (via ultrasound for elbow flexors and leg extensors), and bicep curl and leg
extension 1-repetition maximal strength will be determined. In addition, strength training
experience and hand dominance will be determined via standardized questionnaires. Muscle
thickness of the elbow flexors and leg extensors will be measured before and after the 8
weeks training period using B-mode ultrasound (LOGIQ e BTO8, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee,
Wisconsin, USA). Bicep curl and leg extension maximal strength will be assessed on each limb
using a 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) standard testing procedure. Briefly, following 5 minutes
of cycling on a stationary cycle ergometer, participants will perform 2 warm-up sets (to
reduce the risk of injury) in the following order: 1 set of 10 repetitions using a weight
determined by each subject to be comfortable and 1 set of 5 repetitions using increased
weight. Two minutes after the warm-up sets, weight will be progressively increased for each
subsequent 1-repetition maximum attempt with a 2-min rest interval. The 1-rep max will be
reached in 4-6 sets, excluding the 2 warm-up sets. All exercise testing will be superivsed by
a a trained research assistant or by a Canadian Society for Exericse Physiology certified
exercise physiologist.
Next 8 Weeks (Resistance Training Program):
The Resistance Training will include 3 to 6 sets (progressing overtime; starting at 3 sets
and increasing 1 set per week until a maximum of 6 sets) of 80% of 1 repetition maximum with
a 3 second eccentric phase (i.e., 1-2 seconds up and 3 seconds down) until failure (unable to
complete another repetition or form failure). Each participant will complete 3 training
sessions per week per side (total of 6 sessions per week). Prior to each training session,
but after the supplement had been consumed, each participant will perform a 5-min stationary
cycling warm-up at a self-selected intensity. Resistance exercises will include bicep curls
and leg extensions. These two exercises were selected because they are safe and easy to learn
and include large upper body and lower body musculature that are known to respond to
resistance training. Participants will maintain daily training logs that include the weight,
number of sets, and number of repetitions.
Supplementation Protocol:
Participants will supplement with creatine on one of the training days (either when they are
training their left or right side) BEFORE training in a dose previous shown to enhance
training adaptations (0.1 grams of creatine per kilogram of body weight before training and a
placebo - cornstarch maltodextrin after training). When the participants trains their
opposite side of the body they will supplement with creatine AFTER training (0.1 grams per
kilogram of placebo before and 0.1 grams per kilogram of creatine after). The placebo will be
identical in color, texture, tast, and appearance. The purpose of the placebo is so the
participants will not know which day they are receiving creatine before training and which
day they are receiving creatine after training. The creatine is research grade and has been
independtly tested and will be provided free of charge. Any adverse events related to the
exercise or the supplement will be recorded.
Post Testing:
Following the 8 weeks of training. Participants will complete the baseline testing (Day 1)
protocols to determine strength and muscle thickness changes in each limb.
