View clinical trials related to Foreign Bodies.
Filter by:WHY IS THIS STUDY BEING DONE? Little is known about the best treatment for choking. New airway clearance devices like LifeVac© and Dechoker© are being sold to help a choking person. Researchers do not know how well they work compared to other techniques like abdominal thrusts or back blows. The purpose of this research study is to see how well bystanders can use the choking techniques. RESEARCH QUESTION Among laypersons, which FBAO intervention (abdominal thrusts, LifeVac©, or Dechoker©) results in the greatest proportion of FBAO relief within one-minute? PARTICIPANTS Adults who have not completed prior training on any of the devices or techniques within 5 years, or used them in real life. INTERVENTIONS View a video of each choking intervention, and then complete a choking scenario where participants will try to relieve an airway obstruction on a simulation mannequin. The three interventions are: LifeVac, Dechoker, and Abdominal Thrusts. Participants will be invited back between 90-120 days to repeat the scenarios to assess retention.
Airway foreign body is one of the common emergencies. Its clinical presentation is variable, ranging from a clinically asymptomatic state to dire state of respiratory failure needing urgent attention and intervention. The gold standard for management is rigid bronchoscopy (RB) under general anaesthesia. Complications that can occur during removal of foreign body include bleeding, pneumothorax and rupture of tracheobronchial tree. Complication rates are higher during foreign body removal in children. Performance of routine post bronchoscopy chest radiography (CXR) results in an extremely low diagnostic yield but nevertheless is the common clinical practice prevailing today. It has previously been suggested that routine post bronchoscopy CXR could be avoided in asymptomatic patients.
Accidentally retained surgical items or swabs are well-recognised errors that result in adverse consequences for patients. This error is one of the commonest "Never Events" - patient safety incidents that are considered preventable. Although uncommon, these incidents can have devastating consequences. Retained surgical items have 70% re-interventions, reaching 80% morbidity and 35% mortality. Swabs or sponges are like small towels that soak up blood and body fluids so that the surgeon can visualise the operating area effectively. Swabs are used in all areas of surgery which include operations on the tummy, chest, limbs. They are also used in the vagina during childbirth, to assess for tears and to minimise blood oozing from the vagina. The common risk factors for this error are out of hours surgical or childbirth procedures, multiple handovers in the care of the patient, raised BMI (Body Mass Index) and unplanned change to the operative intervention. As the name suggests, a 'never event' should never happen in the first place. Never. Unfortunately, this is not the case. Incidents involving surgical swabs being left behind, particularly during a caesarean section or a perineal repair following a vaginal birth, are still happening despite over 100 years of institutional awareness of the problem and tentative solutions being implemented in clinical practice. never-event incidents involving retained surgical swabs are a widespread problem affecting healthcare systems worldwide. It is therefore reasonable to ask the question: why are surgical swabs being left behind and what can be done to prevent this from happening?
Some pathological clinical conditions can strongly perturb the link between body and self. One disorder of body representation is the feeling of disownership over body parts, experienced by neurological patients usually after a stroke affecting the right hemisphere. Body disownership and more complex somatoparaphrenic delusions are described as rare in the scientific literature and no clear consensus about their features, brain correlates and recovery mechanisms are on record. Recently, the investigators have discovered that using new sensitive tools it is possible to unveil the presence of covert disownership deficits in patients, who seemed completely unimpaired at the standard assessment. Within a bigger exploratory study of this covert disownership in stroke patients, the aim is to implement a proof-of-concept rehabilitation study, using a multisensory stimulation paradigm, with the hypothesis that a positive remission of disownership will be found and that this treatment can influence both the implicit and explicit features of disownership.
The use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has facilitated implant-based breast reconstruction, both in single-stage direct-to-implant (DTI) and staged tissue expander placement. Nearly half of all breast reconstruction procedures performed within the United States have incorporated ADM. Despite such widespread acceptance among both patients and plastic surgeons, manufacturers of ADM face difficulties in obtaining approval by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use of their product as a medical device in breast reconstructions. ADM is defined as banked tissue and, as such, is approved for use as tissue support. Under section 510k of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, ADM must exhibit "soft tissue reinforcement of integument" to be considered a medical device, a criterion that has yet to be physiologically or clinically defined. This distinction precludes the development and manufacture of xenogeneic ADM. The aim of this research is to compare reconstruction outcomes between ADM and Vicryl, a non-ADM control that is hydrolyzed and degraded within 6-8 weeks after surgery. The investigators propose a prospective cohort study to determine whether post-operative outcomes provide clinical and anatomic evidence for soft tissue reinforcement within the ADM group.