View clinical trials related to Exposure to Pollution.
Filter by:The adverse effects of current ambient air pollution on cardiovascular and respiratory health have been demonstrated in an extensive series of epidemiological, observational and experimental studies. Similar cardiovascular responses seen post diesel exposure have been shown to occur following biodiesel exhaust exposure as well. In the current project the investigators aim to determine whether an acute exposure to biodiesel exhaust (rapeseed methyl ester) causes impacts on sympathetic nervous system activation in healthy volunteers.
Purpose: To determine whether exposure to levels of fine particles that are close to the current standard will cause cardiovascular changes in healthy individuals.
Exposure to pyrethroid pesticides is a growing concern in the workplace especially since they are also present in the diet of the general population. It is important to monitor human exposure to these contaminants. Exposure to pyrethroids may occur by multiple routes of exposure (oral, inhalation and dermal), such that it is difficult to assess absorbed doses from external exposure assessments. Biological monitoring, which consists of measuring urinary metabolites, is now recognized by the scientific community as a preferred approach to assess exposure to this type of compound. These metabolites are biotransformation products produced in the human body from the exposure compounds. However, interpretation of these biological monitoring data requires a proper knowledge of the kinetic behavior and thus the fate of the substance of interest in the human body in order to link levels of biomarkers in individuals to actual absorbed doses. Human kinetic data are still poorly documented in the case of pyrethroids. The study in volunteers exposed to pyrethroids in controlled conditions will allow acquiring new urinary and blood profiles to refine and address uncertainties in the toxicokinetics of lambda-cyhalothrin following oral and dermal exposure. Those data will serve to build a toxicokinetic model to predict absorbed doses in workers from urinary metabolite measurements and therefore better assess health risks.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness in removing chemical exposure on hand, the investigators compare removal efficiency of Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) on hands by hand washing with soap and water vs. water only. In two three-day N-of-1 trials, residual DEHP was measured in a single female adult who washed exposed hands with soap-and-water or water-only. Subsequently, a crossover study was performed by randomly assigning another 28 subjects equally to wash with soap-and-water or with water-only, and then each one received the other treatment 24 hrs later.
Professionals working in polluted areas may present increased clinical airways symptoms and dysfunction. Rhinopharyngeal retrograde clearance (RRC) has been used to improve mucus clearance in infants with bronchitis and bronchiolitis, and instillation the nasal cavity with saline has been used to reduce nasal inflammation in rhinitis and sinusopathies. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of RRC and RCC combined with saline (RRC+S) on nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC), mucus surface property, cellularity and airways symptoms in professional motorcyclists.
Exposure to air pollution is associated with increase in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Controlled human exposure studies have demonstrated impaired vascular function and heart rate variability on healthy volunteers. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of reducting diesel exhaust inhalation on endothelial function, heart rate variability and cardiopulmonary stress testing in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic heart failure, by using a filter mask.
Purpose: The purpose of this protocol is to compare the genetic and epigenetic effects between diesel exhaust and ozone exposure in healthy individuals and in mild/moderate asthmatics. Participants: The investigators will recruit up to 30 mild to moderate asthmatics and up to 50 healthy adults to participate in this study. Procedures (methods): Subjects will be exposed to clean air, to 300 µg/m3 of diesel exhaust for 2 hours and to 0.3 ppm of ozone for 2 hours with intermittent exercise in a controlled environment chamber. Primary endpoints will include spirometry and lung cell changes post-exposure. Secondary endpoints will include analysis of blood clotting/coagulation factors, Holter monitoring of cardiac parameters, analysis of soluble factors present in plasma and bronchial lavage and analysis of intracellular factors present in lung tissue obtained from a brush biopsy.