View clinical trials related to Exercise Training.
Filter by:Ageing in humans is accompanied by a progressive decline in lower-limb muscle power production. In addition to a decline in musculoskeletal fitness, ageing is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular and metabolic fitness. Therefore, if exercise interventions aim for a high impact on the overall health status of middle-aged and older adults, they should combine endurance, high-intensity interval training and muscular strengthening activities. Recreational football training combines all these training components, which implies that it could constitute an adequate training modality for participants of all ages. What remains to be investigated in more detail, is whether recreational football training can improve muscle power production in middle-aged to older adults and whether this potential improvement is present across the full force-velocity (F-V) profile. Next to a detailed analysis of the leg-extensor F-V profile as primary outcome, simultaneous effects on functional capacity, body composition and endurance exercise capacity were investigated. In addition, feasibility and the physical demands (internal and external load indicators) of the training program were tracked throughout the intervention period.
The research project is aiming to examine the muscular adaptations to resistance training (RT), detraining (DT) and repeated RT (i.e. retraining). The research project will also examine differences in muscular adaptations between 20 weeks of continuous RT and 20 weeks of intermittent RT including a 10-week DT period in the middle of the training intervention. This is randomized controlled trial in which the research participants will be randomized into discontinuous and continuous groups (both n=~20). Both will be doing a 2-3-week familiarization and control period at the start. Then in the former there will be an initial strength training period (10-wks), a DT period (10-wks), and a second strength training (retraining) period (10-wks). The second group includes a 10-wk non-training control period (10-wks) followed by a RT period (20-wks). Participants will be young, healthy men and women (age 18-35, which 50% are females) with no systematic RT experience during the last 6 months. Measurements will be completed before and after each study period. Body composition will be measured via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and 3D body scans. Dynamic leg press and elbow flexion one repetition-maximum (1RM) will be used to test maximal strength. Anaerobic performance and strength endurance will be tested in elbow flexion and dynamic leg press using RM tests. Vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps brachii muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) will be assessed via ultrasound. Muscle biopsies of the VL muscle will be obtained to assess changes in muscle fiber morphology and factors regulating and associated with the hypertrophic processes and metabolism. Blood samples will be collected to analyze changes in metabolism and physiology. A rating of perceived exertion (RPE) during training will be collected after every exercise to ensure proper training intensity. Finally, nutrition and habitual physical activity will be assessed with 4-day diet diaries and physical activity questionnaires before the intervention and during each 10-week period.
With increasing usage of electronic devices and sedentary lifestyle, chronic neck pain has become a more prevalent musculoskeletal disorder around the world. Many impairments have been identified in people with chronic neck pain including pain, muscle weakness, proprioceptive deficits and altered breathing pattern. Diaphragm is the key muscle for inspiration and also plays an important role in spinal stability. Previous studies have found that diaphragm functions are related to the stability of the lumbar spine through the fascial, neural and visceral systems. Diaphragmatic resistance training thus could have some positive effects on reducing pain and disability in people with low back pain. However, to date how diaphragmatic resistance training would affect chronic neck pain is still unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic resistance training on pain, disability and movement quality in people with chronic neck pain.
This study is designed to evaluate the effects of a multimodal exercise program in the sprint performance and kinematics of adolescent rugby players. For this, an experimental study with an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG) is designed. During 6 weeks of the 2022-2023 preseason of rugby seven, IG will include a multimodal exercise program in their training routine. Meanwhile, CG will maintain their training routine. The study will be developed in the Sport High Performance Centre of Balearic Islands during the season of rugby seven (from August to September, 2022). All rugby athletes from under-16 and under-18 autonomic rugby teams will be invited to participate in this study throughout an email invitation from their regional rugby federation. Prior to the beginning of the study, all participants will sign the inform consent, or their legal tutors in case of minors. The Ethical Committee of the local university approved this study (278CER22) according to the Declaration of Helsinki. One week before intervention period, sociodemographic and sportive data will be registered (age, sex, body mass, height, and sport experience). Body mass and height will be evaluated with a ±100-g precision digital weight scale (Tefal, France) and a t201-t4 adult height scale (Asimed, Spain), respectively. Also, the rugby players will complete a familiarization process consisting on a standardized warm up and 3 progressive sprints (i.e. 30 m at 50%, 70% and 90% of maximal effort). All testing procedure (pre-test and post-test) will be completed at a similar daytime (between 17h and 19h) on the same natural grass field. The test procedure listed in our study will consist on two maximal 30-m sprints to obtain mechanical variables of horizontal force-velocity profile and kinematics during sprinting. Players from IG will perform a multimodal exercise program two days per week during six weeks. This program will include running technical drills, exercises for lumbopelvic stabilization and resisted sprints. This program will be supervised by two experts in this field. The investigators hypothesize that those rugby players who add the multimodal exercise program to their training routine will increase mechanical and kinematics variables of sprint performance.
The overall goal of this study is to investigate the effects of a 6-week training program between two hamstring exercises-the Romanian deadlift (RDL) and the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE)-on hamstring strain injury risk factors and sprint performance.
The effect of an online exercise course on the increase of elders' regular exercise intention.
Non-selective closed kinetic chain exercises and or selective closed kinetic chain exercises has been shown to increase Vastus medialis obliquus muscle power in patellofemoral pain syndrome. However, the superiority of the exercises to each other has not been shown. This study aimed to evaluating the effects of different exercises on the stiffness of the Vastus medialis obliquus and vastus lateralis muscles, pain management, functional scores, and thigh circumferences.
Recent studies have also shown that repeated episodes of ischemia, followed by reperfusion (IPC), can contribute to the development of adaptive changes not only in the area of the heart muscle, but also in the structure of the skeletal muscles. In the project, several research questions will be evaluated e.g. what is the relationship between oxidative stress parameters, uric acid concentration and nitric oxide degradation products in groups of people undergoing two-week training in ischemic training, or what is the relationship between the expression of genes associated with muscle cell growth (e.g. myostatin gene) and the effect of ischemia preconditioning training etc.
Nowadays, many persons who exercise consume dietary supplements. Previous scientific studies have found that protein supplementation increases muscle mass when combined with an exercise program. In addition, vitamin D probably improves performance and muscle function. Likewise, ω3 fatty acids, apart from improving cardiovascular function, may also increase protein synthesis and performance. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of a novel aquaculture-based sport supplement of proteins, ω3 fatty acids and vitamin D on physical performance, body composition, and the biochemical profile of persons following high-intensity functional training (HIFT). The efficacy of the experimental supplement (E) will be compared with whey protein (W) and maltodextrin (a carbohydrate) as placebo (P). Thirty healthy trained individuals (15 male and 15 female), aged 18-35, will take E, W, and P during three 6-week periods of HIFT (a different supplement each period) with three workouts a week and a washout (no supplement) period of 2 weeks between supplementation periods. E is a combination of powder, containing protein and vitamin D, and capsules containing ω3 fatty acids. When on E, participants will receive 0.6 g protein/kg body weight, 20 μg vitamin D, and 1.8 g ω3 fatty acids daily. When on W, they will receive 0.6 g protein/kg body weight and, when on P, they will receive 0.6 g maltodextrin/kg body weight daily. The order of E, W, and P will be random and counterbalanced. Throughout the study, participants will be on isoenergetic nutritional plans to avoid differences in energy intake that might compromise the validity of the study. The dietary plans will be individualized and will provided 1.0 g protein/kg body weight/day. Participants will undergo measurements of muscle strength, muscle endurance, aerobic capacity, and body composition prior to the first supplementation period, between periods, and after the third period. Also, blood amino acids, fatty acid acids, vitamin D, hematology, biochemistry, and hormones will be measured. To avoid bias, assessors will not know which supplement each participant is taking during each period. The main hypotheses of the study are: 1) Consumption of E will increase lean body mass compared to W and P; 2) consumption of E will improve muscle strength, muscle endurance, and aerobic capacity compared to W and P; and 3) consumption of E will result in a better blood amino acid, fatty acid, and vitamin D profile.
High-intensity functional training (HIFT), a new version of high-intensity interval training, has gained interest in recent years. HIFT is based on the CrossFit training template and includes multijoint movement patterns via both endurance and strengthening exercises. Research has shown positive effects of HIFT on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscle performance of young individuals. The effectiveness of HIFT in higher ages and its protein requirements are less well documented. Protein requirements have been widely investigated in resistance training, where it has been found that protein supplementation may have additive beneficial effects on muscle strength and lean body mass. However, there is a research gap regarding the adaptations to HIFT when combined with protein supplementation. Thus, the aim of this research is to compare the effects of egg white supplementation, whey protein supplementation (as a positive comparator), and maltodextrin (a carbohydrate as placebo) on body composition, physical performance, and plasma amino acid profile in young and middle-aged trained individuals of both sexes who perform HIFT. Participants will take all three supplements for 6 weeks each, with 2 weeks of washout (no supplementation) in between, in random and counterbalanced order. Researchers will not know the supplementation status of the participants. Participants will receive 0.6 g of protein or placebo per kg body weight daily on top of isoenergetic dietary plans to avoid differences in energy intake that might compromise the validity of the study. The dietary plans will be individualized and will provided 1.0 g protein/kg body weight/day. The HIFT protocol will include multimodal patterns of movement, combining endurance and strengthening exercises with the use of equipment such as Total Resistance eXercise (TRX), Bosu, kettlebells, and barbells. Participants will undergo measurements of muscle strength, muscle endurance, aerobic capacity, and body composition at the beginning and end of the study, as well as during the two washout periods. Also, plasma amino acids, hematology, biochemistry, and hormones will be measured. Comparison of all these outcome measures between supplements will reveal whether protein supplementation is useful in HIFT.