View clinical trials related to Energy Expenditure.
Filter by:The purpose of the research is to determine if protein and omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improve sleep, improve body composition, and improve markers of metabolic health in postmenopausal women.
One in every three children ages 2-19 years is overweight or obese. Although multifactorial in nature, obesity is primarily attributed to a mismatch between energy intake and energy expenditure (EE). Daily EE (DEE) can be partitioned between resting metabolic rate (RMR), EE associated with physical activity, and the thermic effect of food (TEF). RMR corresponds to the energy needed to sustain the body functions at rest and is also related to body composition (i.e., ratio of skeletal muscle mass to fat mass). Skeletal muscle mass is a large contributor to RMR; the more skeletal muscle mass, the higher the RMR (i.e., more energy expended at rest). In addition, muscle plays a central role in whole body protein metabolism and disrupted muscle metabolism is associated with the development of many common chronic diseases associated with obesity such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although the contribution of disrupted muscle metabolism to chronic disease is well-established in older adults, the potential impact in children is unknown. The overall objective for this primary project application is to determine the role of breakfast protein consumption in improving energy metabolism, energy balance and skeletal muscle health in obese, school-aged children.
The purpose of this study is to determine the magnitude of changes in energy expenditure and respiratory quotient (RQ) during sitting and standing in Asian men.
Phosphorus is a widely used sport supplement. Most athletes who use it follow a phosphorus loading approach which consists of a weeklong phosphorus intake of 3-4 gr per day for optimal effect. The ergogenic potential of phosphorus is believed to be related to several factors including its ability to a) enhance ATP availability for energy expenditure and b) increase plasma content of 2.3-DPG (2.3-disphosphoglycerate) that is known to reduce oxygen affinity to hemoglobin and consequently enhances its release in the exercising tissue. Additionally, phosphorus was reported to increase peripheral glucose uptake and thus glycogenesis and glycogen storage. We have recently observed that the peripheral glucose uptake was stimulated by co-ingestion of phosphorus with meal, while pre ingestion failed to do so. Thus it is reasonable to postulate that phosphorus co-ingestion with meal improves ergogenesis through enhancing glycogen storage. The aim of this experiment is to investigate whether acute phosphate supplementation of a glucose load is responsible for the performance enhancement. This may help in explaining the controversies surrounding the impact of phosphorus on performance. A cross over study will be conducted on water polo players. In brief, overnight fasted subjects, will be given glucose load with or without phosphorus. Three hours later their performance will be measured using an ergometer cycling machine.
The whole body calorimeter is sensitive enough to reliably measure cold-induced thermogenesis as a surrogate marker of brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation. The infrared (IR) energy flux from activated BAT can be accurately imaged and quantified using an IR imaging device, and that this IR energy output may be correlated to the increased energy expenditure quantified by the whole body calorimeter.
Background: Many people regain the weight they lose through diet and exercise. This might happen because the weight loss slows their metabolism. This slowing is called metabolic adaptation. It may cause people to regain weight if they do not keep up high levels of exercise or major caloric restrictions. Researchers want to find the long-term effects of metabolic adaptation in the previous Biggest Loser study participants. They hope to learn the body s response to lifestyle changes that result in weight loss. They also want to see if certain changes can lead to longer-term success in maintaining weight loss. Objectives: To better understand the long-term metabolic changes caused by rapid weight loss achieved through diet restriction and vigorous physical activity. Eligibility: Former Biggest Loser research study participants (Protocol No. PBRC29008). Design: Participants will be screened with a phone interview. This study has 3 phases. Phase 1 will last at least 3 weeks. Participants will receive a physical activity monitor and wireless scale. These will send their daily weight and activity back to NIH. In Phase 2, participants will stay at NIH for 3 days. Their metabolism will be measured through: Their activity monitor Urine samples and daily body weight Medical review and physical exam Fasting for 12 hours each night for a blood draw the following morning DEXA: a low-dose x-ray of the body BIS: Electrodes on the hand/wrist and foot/ankle measure body water content. Phase 3 will last at least 3 weeks. Participants will: Continue to monitor their daily weight and activity Collect urine samples and send them back to NIH
The purpose of this descriptive and exploratory pilot study is to investigate: (1) sagittal plane hip kinematics and kinetics and (2) metabolic consumption/cost, for bilateral transfemoral walking with passive prostheses versus powered prostheses. The pilot study will collect data from three subjects with bilateral transfemoral amputations. Differences in kinetics, kinematics, and oxygen consumption/cost when comparing passive and powered components may indicate benefits for clinical application of powered devices for persons with lower limb amputation.
Recovery of hunger is a source of comfort for patients after general anesthesia. Moreover, this aspect of post-operative period is often required for discharging patients from hospital after ambulatory surgery. Indeed, this item is part of a multi-parameter score (Chung score) whose validation evaluates patient's ability to return home. The impact of anesthetics on hunger is largely unknown but few studies suggest an orexigenic effect of propofol compared to halogenated gases. These studies had neither the power nor the methodology to answer the question. The aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of propofol versus sevoflurane on early recovery of hunger after ambulatory surgery.
The study is designed to measure the energy expenditure associated with a common office task (i.e., typing) while 1.) seated in an office chair, 2.) pedaling using a prototype pedal desk, and 3.) walking on a treadmill.
It has been shown, that in patients with very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) the additional use of non-invasive ventilation during pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) may enhance the benefits of PR. It is assumed that the non-invasive ventilation techniques provides a better recovery of the respiratory pump during the night. If non-invasive ventilation also decreases the metabolic demands during night is unknown and is aim of this study. During a 3 week inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program a total of 85 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease stage IV will be recruited for this study. There will be a 4:1 distribution into 2 groups. 68 patients with an indication for the use of a non-invasive ventilation will be involved in the intervention group where non-invasive ventilation will be initialized. 17 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease stage IV without an indication for the use of non-invasive ventilation will be involved in a control group to detect the changes in nocturnal energy expenditure produced by pulmonary rehabilitation alone. All outcome measurements will be performed during day 1-3 and will be repeated after 12 days (with or without non-invasive ventilation) at day 15-17 of the pulmonary rehabilitation program. A sub-trial of this study is to validate night movement accuracy of the Dynaport activity monitor with the observations made by a night-vision camera in the sleep lab. This will be performed in study participants as well as in healthy volunteers.