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Filter by:Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects a child's ability to learn motor skills, such as tying shoelaces, learning to print, or riding a bicycle (APA 2013). It often co-occurs with other conditions, such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Its high co-occurrence with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has only been permitted since 2013 so it is less well known. Recent neuroimaging studies have begun to unravel the neural underpinnings of each disorder; however, few brain imaging studies have included children with co-occurring DCD and ASD. The first aim of the proposed project is to understand brain structure and function in children with DCD+/-ASD. Despite high co-occurrence of DCD and ASD (Green 2009), motor impairment and functional problems are rarely the focus of therapy for children with ASD. Current best-practice for improving motor function is an approach called Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance (CO-OP). The second aim of this study is to examine effectiveness of this treatment approach for children with DCD+ASD and determine if there are brain changes and improvements in motor skills as a result of intervention. This novel project is the first to integrate brain imaging and motor-based rehabilitation in this population and builds on a current study examining brain changes in children with DCD (with and without co-occurring ADHD). Examining the neural basis of these motor difficulties in the presence or absence of co-occurring conditions will help to determine the neural correlates specific to DCD and whether the response to treatment differs in children with co-occurring conditions.
Gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) is due to gastric content reflux to esophagus cause symptom and complication including intra-esophagus such as reflux esophagitis, and extra-esophagus such as cough etc. Because the changes of dietary habit, and improvement of examination skill and data analysis, the prevalence of GERD increased 2.5 multiple from 1995 to 2002, and suggesting the prevalence is 25% in Taiwan community. The etiology of GERD is multi-effect, such as transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation and abnormal pressure of lower esophageal sphincter, which may induced the esophageal mucosal injury by gastric acid, bile or pancreases enzyme. Wu-Chu-Yu tang consists of Evodia fargesii Dode (Evodia Fruit), Panax ginseng C. (Ginseng), Ziziphus jujube Mill (Chinses Date), Zingiber officinale Rosee (Fresh Ginger).According to "I-Fang-Chi-Chieh" and "Shanghonzobinglun" recordings that Wu-Chu-Yu tang can treat vomiting, and also can relax gastric tonicity and can enhance peristalsis of stomach. According to Randomized, double blind, placebo control trial to evaluate the efficacy of Wu-Chu-Yu Tang on gastroesophageal reflux disease, we know the Wu-Chu-Yu tang have the equivalent effect proton pump inhibitor omeprazole. But, the mechanism of Wu-Chu-Yu tang is still unknown.
Child abuse is defined as "Any act of commission or omission that endangers or impairs child's physical, sexual, or emotional health and development". According to The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Child physical abuse CPA is defined as "The intentional use of physical force against a child that result in, or has the potential to result in, physical injury". Child abuse and neglect may occur in any family, and it isn't confined to certain geographic, ethnic, or socioeconomic background. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimation, around forty million children suffer from different forms of abuse, and require health and social care. WHO has estimated that in year 2000 nearly fifty-seven thousand children under fifteen years old were dead because of abuse, with the highest rate in children between zero to four years old. In 2014, WHO estimated that 23% of children worldwide were subjected to physical abuse. Dentists are the best to detect children who are at abuse risk, since more than fifty percent of abuse injuries occur at head and neck region, and they are the first to see and treat orofacial region. Studies have shown that while dentists are in a good position to detect and report abuse, few of them do report abuse cases. The main causes of not reporting CPA are lack of adequate history, inability, and hesitancy in diagnosing the abuse, fear that it may affect the reputation of their clinic, worry about what will happen to the child and his family, and unfamiliarity with child protection policy in their workplace. The Egyptian law obligates dentists to report any suspected case of child abuse. Many studies have been published assessing dentists' knowledge and practice of CPA diagnosis and reporting. However, to our knowledge, there are no published data available about Egyptian dentists' cognition of CPA signs and diagnosis, and their actual participation in reporting suspected cases.
This study aims to know the efficacy of a biodanza program in adults diagnosed with Alzheimer's, and it is a randomized controlled trial where the control group, which maintains its usual treatment, will form a waiting list to perform any of the treatments outside the follow-up period. There will also be a group that will carry out intervention with biodanza. For the selection of the sample, there will be the participation of different Alzheimer associations and geriatric centers in the province of Almeria. The inclusion criteria will be between 60 and 75 years old, with a primary diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, and who have never participated in any biodanza session or have knowledge about it. Those whose diagnosis is different from Alzheimer's disease or who suffers from a physical or psychological illness that prevents the execution of the sessions and all who do not participate in at least 75% (9 sessions) of the sessions will be excluded from the study. The biodanza program will consist of 12 sessions, one per week, during three months. The control group will continue with its usual treatment and activities, without suffering any alteration. A measurement of the groups (control group and biodanza group) will be carried out before the start and after the end of the sessions. The questionnaires and scales administered to the participants include demographical and clinical variables, physical state variables, cognitive variables, and emotional and behavioral variables. Finally, statistical analyzes will be performed using SPSS version 23. In the case of quantitative variables, they will be expressed as mean and standard deviation and, when the variables are of qualitative type, they will be represented by frequency and percentages.
This study is an assessor-blind, parallel-group, controlled trial to evaluate the benefit of home-based training with a low-cost, mobile neurofeedback system (Myndlift) in adults with ADHD. Randomized controlled trials have shown significant benefit for neurofeedback, including persistent effects without the side effects of psychostimulants (i.e., diminished appetite, insomnia, anxiety, irritability). However, standard application requires clinic visits and significant expense, limiting training frequency and compromising potential efficacy. Additionally, extant evidence for efficacy comes almost exclusively from children and adolescents, with very few studies in adults. The present trial will measure the ability of home-based neurofeedback using a low-cost, user-friendly system to ameliorate symptomatology (e.g., enhancing attention, reducing impulsive behavior) in adults with ADHD. Participants will receive either neurofeedback or treatment as usual (TAU). Primary outcomes will be objective scores on a continuous performance task (CPT) and subjective report on a standardized adult ADHD symptoms questionnaire. Eligible participants recruited from an adult ADHD clinic will complete a baseline assessment (1.25 hours) including subjective questionnaires, computerized cognitive assessment, and resting-state EEG administered by a blinded assessor. The experimental group will train at home with a neurofeedback headset and tablet 4 times/week for ten weeks (session duration: 21-30 minutes). Neurofeedback will be provided via a conventional theta beta protocol in which participants train using gamified tasks, videos, or audio clips in a tablet-based app, and receive positive visual/auditory feedback when their brainwaves are in the desired range. The control group will follow the regular treatment plan set by the clinic (i.e., treatment as usual; TAU). Care may include pharmacological intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a combination of both, or no intervention. Care will often include pharmacological intervention (e.g., methylphenidate), with the specifics (e.g., type of medication, dosage) determined by psychiatrist recommendation. After completing the ten-week intervention period, all participants will return to the clinic for a follow-up assessment identical to the baseline assessment. It is hypothesized that home-based neurofeedback training will demonstrate non-inferiority to TAU as measured by improvement in subjective and objective symptoms.
To investigate the potential deficits in emotion and craving regulation capacities of drug-naïve young adults with Internet gaming disorder as compared with healthy controls.
Supported accommodation provides individuals with complex mental health difficulties the opportunity to maintain a tenancy with different levels of staff support provided to develop and maintain living skills and engage in social and work activities. Physical features of the place people live, the support they receive from staff and the individuals needs all have the potential to impact on their ability to engage in activities that enable then to have increasing independence within the community. The study will investigate the relationship between the physical and social features of supported accommodation environments and whether this facilitates or inhibits people with complex mental health difficulties' participation in everyday life, relationships, pursuing interests and work. The study will also consider whether people's needs have an effect on the relationship between the environment and their participation. The study will analyse data collected using measures of clients' levels of participation, features of the supported accommodation environment and how needs mediates this relationship. The aim is to inform ways of working with people with complex mental health difficulties in supported accommodation that increase opportunities for participation in the activities they need, want and enjoy doing.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and cortical excitability have a role in cannabis use disorder
Body dissatisfaction represents a prevalent condition in young women, and it is associated with low self-esteem, depression, and symptoms of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Eating Disorders (EDs). The aim of the trial is to test the effect of a mobile health application called "GGBI: Positive Body Image" in reducing body dissatisfaction, body dysmorphic disorder/eating disorder symptoms, and associated psychological features in female university students considered at high-risk of developing Body Image Disorders (BIDs). Hypothesis: Participants using "GGBI: Positive Body Image" immediately following baseline assessment (Time 0; T0) (immediate-use App group: iApp) would exhibit greater reduction in body dissatisfaction, body dysmorphic disorder/eating disorder symptoms, and associated psychological features than participants who did not use "GGBI: Positive Body Image" in this phase of the study (delayed-use App group: dApp). Following crossover (Time 1; T1), the investigators expect that participants gains in the iApp group would be maintained at follow-up (Time 2; T2).
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)/ Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system mainly involving optic nerve and spinal cord. It is clinically characterized by simultaneous or sequential involvement of the optic nerve and spinal cord, presenting a progressive or remission and relapse course, which can lead to paralysis and blindness. The objective of this study is to provide evidence regarding treat effects and factors related to prognosis which will help physicians better evaluable risk-benefit in NMOSD management and improve patients' outcome.