View clinical trials related to Disease.
Filter by:The current study aims to investigate the effect of dialectical behavioral therapy on mindfulness in patients with Borderline Personality Disorder. A treatment group will be compared to a waitlist control group.
In this proposed study, the investigators will evaluate the effects of fish oil add-on in treatment of major depressive disorder(MDD).
The intent of this mixed methods study for transgender women after gender confirmation surgery is to characterize and subsequently create a validated screening questionnaire for postoperative urologic and pelvic floor symptoms. For individuals who seek gender-confirming treatment, about 13% undergo genital surgery for cosmetic purposes with or without gonadectomy, and this number is increasing. Patient satisfaction following surgery is high, particularly regarding sexual and cosmetic outcomes; however, unexpected negative functional outcomes such as bowel and bladder dysfunction and pelvic organ prolapse impact overall patient satisfaction. The available information suggests that 16-33% of patients experience incontinence postoperatively, with stress predominance, 32-47% experience abnormal voiding, and 24-66% experience overactive bladder symptoms. Outside of the typically assessed voiding symptoms, unique complaints of MTF postoperative patients include obstructive voiding symptoms due to urethral stenosis, persistent perimeatal erectile tissue, prostatic hypertrophy, and irritation from neovaginal tissue. Additionally, may of these patients develop symptomatic neovaginal prolapse, requiring re-suspension. We suggest that further clarification regarding MTF postoperative urologic and pelvic floor complaints can be achieved via a mixed methods approach. By using focus group interviews to create specific evaluative questions for this unique population, we can then prospectively assess patients undergoing surgery via a national multicenter sampling strategy. The goal of the study is to better understand the unique symptoms these women experience and create a validated, reliable screening questionnaire to monitor patients after surgery.
To evaluate the effects of the temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and its therapeutic care on postural control in somato-sensory and visual sensitization compared to control subjects matched on age, sex and lifestyle. Parameters will be estimated by measures realized before the therapeutic care of the TMD (T0), then 2, 3 and 5 months after the starting care, both in TMD patients and control subjects. To evaluate also the effects of the TMD and its therapeutic care on balance control in various contexts of multi-sensory stimulation, orientation function, pain and tinnitus.
The HKU Neurocognitive Disorder (NCD) Cohort is a hospital-based, prospective, observational study of older HK Chinese adults with cognitive impairment, with a special focus on studying patients with subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment.
The current literature on academic skill difficulties, whether considered as part of the continuum of ability or as a specific learning disability (LD), indicates that these problems often coexist with conduct problems and juvenile delinquency, and are risk factors for initial law-breaking behavior and for its persistence. However, less is understood about how this relationship develops. It is these broad questions that this project seeks to address. First, what is the causal pathway? Does LD cause delinquency, delinquency cause LD, or are both caused by something else? And can big data analytics applied to statewide datasets of information about juvenile justice (JJ) involvement help to answer this question? Second, as it is known that learning to read and do math (and thus becoming more employable) increases the likelihood of desistance (i.e., not committing any more illegal acts), what are the necessary parts of an intervention designed to teach these skills? And what role might technology play in such an intervention? To answer these questions, we will implement a study that includes two components, (a) a big data component and (b) an intervention component. For (a), we will work with a large historical dataset from the Harris County Juvenile Probation Department. For (b), we will work, in total, with 192 (48 per year) delinquent youth with severe LD in residential placement. These individuals, in a nonconcurrent multiple baseline design, will be offered an educational therapy designed to address severe reading problems in juvenile detainees using a novel mixed media intervention in which the person-to-person intensive 1:1 component is completed while youth are in residential settings (24 sessions, delivered in 90 minute settings 3 times a week) and a "gamified" educational smartphone learning tool follow-up completed upon release (with appropriate network fidelity monitoring and participant reinforcement). The person-to-person component is developed specifically for juvenile offenders with severe LD, combining two well-established and highly-regarded intervention programs designed to systematically build students' repertoire of grapheme-phoneme correspondence rules as well as develop comprehensive reading skills, from beginning reading to proficiency.
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is described as a subgroup of orofacial pain with a set of signs and symptoms that involve the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, ears and neck. TMD can occur unilaterally or bilaterally and approximately 70% of the population is affected with at least one sign. The disorder progresses with orofacial pain, muscle pain involving the masticatory and cervical muscles, joint noises (clicks and pops), joint block, mandibular dysfunction and headache. The etiology can be abnormal occlusion and/or posture, trauma involving local tissues, repetitive microtrauma, parafunctional habits and an increase in emotional stress. Studies have demonstrated that phototherapy is an efficient option for the treatment of TMD, leading to improvements in pain and orofacial function. The aim of the proposed study is to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy and light-emitting diode (LED) therapy on pain and function in patients with TMD. Methods: A randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial is proposed, which will involve 80 individuals between 40 and 70 years of age allocated to either a laser group or LED group submitted to twelve sessions of phototherapy. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs will be used to evaluate all participants. Pain will be measured using the visual analog scale. Orofacial function will be measured based on maximum vertical mandibular movement and muscle tension (determined through palpation of the masseter, temporal, frontal, sternocleidomastoid, suboccipital and trapezius muscles). Electromyographic analysis of the masseter and anterior temporal muscles will also be performed.
This randomized clinical trial compares the influence of joint crisis plans (JCP) or crisis cards to reduce psychiatric coercion for people with severe and often recurring mental illnesses like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder. Both interventions will be carried out as an integrated part of otherwise standard psychiatric in-patient and out-patient care in psychiatric units specializing in the acute or non-acute treatment of mentioned mental illnesses.
Recent studies have suggested that gut-brain axis may be one of the mechanisms of major depression disorder (MDD). In animal studies, alteration of gut microbiota can affect animal's depression or anxiety-like behavior, brain neurochemistry and inflammation. In human studies, the composition of gut microbiota is different between patients with MDD and healthy controls. In addition, supplementation of probiotics can improve mood status in community and clinical participants. Inflammation is one of possible pathway to connect gut and brain. Gut permeability and inflammation level are higher in patients with MDD. Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 in one of bacteria extracted from traditional fermented food, Fu-Tsai. It can alleviate depressive-like behavior reduce inflammation level in maternal separation mice. This study is an 8-week open trial to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 on psychophysiology in patients with MDD and higher level of inflammation. This is a two-phase study. In the first phase, we will recruited patients fulfilling the following inclusion criteria: Age 20-65; fulfill Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth version (DSM-V) criteria of major depressive episode in recent 2 years; Psychotropics including antidepressants, antipsychotics and hypnotics have been kept unchanged for at least 3 months. The exclusion criteria are: comorbid with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or other substance use (except tobacco) disorder; having active suicidal or homicidal ideation; known allergy to probiotics; comorbid with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowl disease, liver cirrhosis, or autoimmune diseases; known active bacterial, fungal, or viral infections in one month; use of antibiotics, steroid, immunosuppressants, probiotics, or synbiotics in the month before collecting blood and fecal samples; pregnant or lactating women; who state to have dietary pattern changed or in diet within previous two months. Those hs-CRP > 3 mg/L in the first screen will be invited into the second phase intervention. In the second phase intervention, we will give eligible patients Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 for 8 weeks, and compare depression symptoms, gut microbiota, gut inflammation and permeability, and serum inflammation level before and after intervention.
Early improvemrnt, decreased 20% in the 17 items of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) at the second week of the treatment of major depression disorder (MDD), can arguably predict the remission at the 12th week. Our observation study including 80 MDD patients will access resting-state function MRI to finding factors which infuencing early improvemrnt, respone and remission of antidepressants.