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Filter by:Decades of research have shown that sleep disturbances are common among patients with a wide range of psychiatric disorders. Such reported sleep disturbances include disrupted sleep efficiency and continuity, sleep quality complaints, insomnia, and nightmares. While traditional models suggest that certain sleep alterations are specific for certain mental disorders, newer models assume a transdiagnostic or dimensional view of sleep disturbances in mental disorders. Findings of a recent meta-analysis support the transdiagnostic or dimensional association between sleep disorders and psychiatric conditions. Additionally, the period just prior to sleep has recently received increased clinical and research interest, with studies investigating cognitive activity and rumination prior to sleep. However, only few studies compare sleep in different psychiatric diagnoses and the characteristics of sleep in different mental disorders are still not understood well enough for concrete implications for clinical practice. This is especially true for the population of psychiatric inpatients. In this study, the outcome measures and study variables will be measured with standardised and validated questionnaires, structured clinical interview, and a commercially available Fitbit Charge 2 tracker. Participants will be recruited from the inpatient units of the Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich (PUK). Screening will be conducted by the applicant and master's students enrolled in the project, using electronic patient files at the hospital. The patients will be invited to the study by their treating physician or psychologist. Assessments will consist of one interview and filling out of questionnaires (with a 30- to 45-minute duration respectively). A sub-sample will wear fill out a sleep diary for seven consecutive nights as well as wear a Fitbit Charge 2 tracker, which they will return a week later. Each patient will receive participant reimbursement of 30 Swiss francs (CHF) for their participation in the study.
Project STAR aims to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a CBT-I supplement to outpatient alcohol and substance use treatment.
Transplant recipients are treated with immunosuppressive drugs to avoid rejection of the transplanted organ. As the medication impairs the immune response, it also increases the risk of serious infections and cancer in transplant recipients compared with the general population. Previous studies have shown a close association between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), with frequent demonstration of the virus in lesional tissues. Transplant recipients without evidence of EBV infection prior to transplantation (EBV seronegative) are at particularly high risk of developing PTLD. Other risk factors include a high viral load. As part of a preventive approach against PTLD, several transplantation units now monitor the occurrence of EBV DNAemia after transplantation. However, there is little evidence to guide this strategy; nor is there consensus concerning either the best specimen to use for EBV analysis (whole blood or plasma) or the appropriate clinical action to take if EBV DNAemia is detected. Our aim is to estimate the incidence and clinical consequences of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNAemia in whole blood and plasma in renal transplant recipients, and to determine if persistence of EBV DNAemia can predict excessive immunosuppression as indicated by the incidence of infections requiring hospitalisation, EBV driven PTLD and mortality.
This qualitative study with quantitative elements examines the health care provided to women who suffered from mental disorder during pregnancy and / or in the first year after birth (i.e. during the perinatal phase). Investigators will perform individual interviews with former PMD patients, and health and social care professionals to gain insights into current health care for PMD patients.
A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover physiological study. Designed to evaluate the effects of melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) activation on brain activity patterns and behavioural psychometric measures of sexual arousal during visual erotic stimuli in approximately 40 right-handed, heterosexual, premenopausal women aged 18 years and over with Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) for at least a 6 month duration.
This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled to evaluate the potential role of nutrients supplementation (LF chocolate /Erinacine A-enriched Hericium Erinaceus chocolate) on the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants in major depressive disorder(MDD). 120 subjects who meet all the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be randomized into three categories, receiving 3 pieces of supplement nutrients-added or plain chocolates per day for a period of 24 weeks in total. The three categories are as follow: 1. LF chocolate 2. Erinacine A-enriched Hericium Erinaceus chocolate 3. Plain chocolate without any supplementary nutrients added (placebo group) These MDD patients will continue their antidepressant regimen throughout the study. Symptom rating, blood samples for antidepressant-related/depressive disorder-related genome profiles identification, as well as for biomarkers assessment for metabolic indices, questionnaires and tests for psychosocial variables identification and patient's cognitive and social cognitive function or performance determination, will be carried out before and at certain time points within the 24-week tracking period. Patient's fecal samples will be acquired to recognize and to distinguish the alterations of these MDD patients microbiota profiles over the 24-week period.
The movement control of shoulder joint relies not only on the glenohumeral joint, but also the critical contributions from scapulothoracic joint. The relating scapula muscle strength, scapula mobility and, the most important of all, the capacity of neuromuscular control should be integrated into the rehabilitation program for patients with shoulder disorders. With regarding to the subacromial impingement syndrome or rotator tendinopathy, the status of scapula dyskinesia and dysfunctions were improved significantly after the intervention of scapula-emphasized exercise. But there was no study addressed the relationships between stiffness of relating muscles and the deficits of scapula movement. The stiffness had been shown to serve an important role in functional performance of the corresponding joint. For example, the decreased elasticity of supraspinatus muscle was noticed on affected side comparing in patients with impingement syndrome.Few studies examined the effects of altered muscle stiffness on kinematic performance in shoulder complex. Laudner et al. found that the stiffer the latismuss dorsi muscle was, the less upward rotation and posterior tilting, and the more internal rotation of scapula during arm elevation was exhibited in asymptomatic swimmers. Another study showed that the increased range of external rotation and posterior tilt of scapula during arm elevation were associated with the decreased stiffness of pectoralis minor. The recent study presented that the electromyographic activities and elasticities of middle deltoid, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus muscles correlated significantly with the tissue elasticity during shoulder movement in healthy shoulder. However, there was no scientific information directly to prove the changes in characteristics of rotator cuff function as well as the impacts on kinematic control of shoulder complex. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship among characteristics of muscle properties and kinematic control healthy swimmers.
Childhood ADHD and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD) are considered risk factors for subsequent substance abuse, and youth with both ADHD and ODD/CD are at greatest risk. However, the effects of treatment of ADHD with stimulant medications such as methylphenidate (MPH) and mixed amphetamine salts (MAS) on risk for substance abuse are poorly understood. The study team propose to use fMRI to study the effects of extended release mixed amphetamine salts (MAS-XR) in drug-naïve youth 7-12 years at low risk (i.e., ADHD only) and high risk (i.e., ADHD + ODD/CD) for substance abuse on the brain reward system, to better understand the potential impact of these medications on an aspect of brain functioning which is thought to underlie vulnerability to substance abuse.
HYPOTHESIS: The Spanish version of the Everyday Cognition Battery Scale (ECB) is valid and reliable in the Spanish population. OBJECTIVES: • Providing a validated scale in Spanish to evaluate daily cognition in older adults. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: - Translating the original English version of the ECB into Spanish. - Adapting the scale to the sociocultural context of Spain. - Checking the psychometric characteristics (reliability and validity) of the translated version . STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Permission to use the ECB scale will be requested to the author, Allaire JC. Translation and adaptation of the scale. Administration of the four tests of the ECB to the individuals participating in the study. Administration of the Rapid Evaluation of Cognitive Functions (RECF) and Lawton and Brody scales. Analysis of the psychometric characteristics of the translated version. The protocol has been authorized by the Ethics Committee of the Salamanca health area to make the project possible.
This study is investigating the effect of an acute dose of citalopram on emotional processing about the self. Using a parallel-group double-blind design, participants will be randomised to receive either an acute dose of citalopram or placebo. Participants will then complete a number of widely used computer-based cognitive tasks measuring emotional processing biases towards the self. This study has also been registered on OSF: https://osf.io/nhjvs/?view_only=b39c49bddfd543b99b627dc992e49b45