Creative Writing for Type 2 Diabetes Management

Diabetes Clinical Trial

— CrewD  

Official title:

Close Reading and Creative Writing - CrewD Program. An Alternative Educational Method for Group Care Intervention in Type 2 Diabetes Management. A Randomized Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03678896
• Other study ID #: CrewD trial
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 5, 2017
• Est. completion date: September 30, 2017

Study information

• Verified date: September 2018
• Source: Associacao Protectora dos Diabeticos de Portugal
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study is related to the development of a new model of Group Care for patients with Diabetes - the CrewD Program, incorporating close reading and creative writing in group education. A randomized trial was designed to evaluate this intervention.

Description:

A structured educational model for type 2 diabetic patients using Group Care is currently being used in several institutions for help managing diabetes in these patients. In this study, this model was adjusted by introducing literary texts and using narrative skills. A randomized trial was designed to determine whether group dynamic strategies using narrative and reading produce the same positive outcomes as a conventional group approach. A total of 49 patients with type 2 Diabetes were randomized to two different Group Care dynamics, one "control group", with a classical structured educational approach and another, "intervention group", with close reading and creative writing. Evaluation included anthropometrical measures, A1c and questionnaires for psychological evaluation.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 49
• Est. completion date: September 30, 2017
• Est. primary completion date: September 30, 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 85 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Only patients with type 2 diabetes of >1 year known duration, aged < 85 years were included in the intervention.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients that did not complete the four assessments.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Diabetes
• Diabetes Mellitus

Intervention

Behavioral:
• CrewD Program
The CrewD Program - Creative reading and writing in Diabetes Program - is a Diabetes self-management education and support program to help people with Diabetes coping with the disease.
• Classical structured education
The Classical educational approach consists in an educational method based on the presentation of relevant theoretical information to help people with Diabetes coping with the disease.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Associacao Protectora dos Diabeticos de Portugal

References & Publications (17)

Charon R, Hermann N, Devlin MJ. Close Reading and Creative Writing in Clinical Education: Teaching Attention, Representation, and Affiliation. Acad Med. 2016 Mar;91(3):345-50. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000827. — View Citation

Chrvala CA, Sherr D, Lipman RD. Diabetes self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of the effect on glycemic control. Patient Educ Couns. 2016 Jun;99(6):926-43. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2015.11.003. Epub 2015 Nov 22. Review. — View Citation

Ferraro LA, Price JH, Desmond SM, Roberts SM. Development of a diabetes locus of control scale. Psychol Rep. 1987 Dec;61(3):763-70. — View Citation

Frattaroli J. Experimental disclosure and its moderators: a meta-analysis. Psychol Bull. 2006 Nov;132(6):823-65. — View Citation

Funnell MM, Anderson RM. Patient empowerment: a look back, a look ahead. Diabetes Educ. 2003 May-Jun;29(3):454-8, 460, 462 passim. Review. — View Citation

Funnell MM, Brown TL, Childs BP, Haas LB, Hosey GM, Jensen B, Maryniuk M, Peyrot M, Piette JD, Reader D, Siminerio LM, Weinger K, Weiss MA. National Standards for diabetes self-management education. Diabetes Care. 2011 Jan;34 Suppl 1:S89-96. doi: 10.2337/dc11-S089. Review. — View Citation

Haas L, Maryniuk M, Beck J, Cox CE, Duker P, Edwards L, Fisher EB, Hanson L, Kent D, Kolb L, McLaughlin S, Orzeck E, Piette JD, Rhinehart AS, Rothman R, Sklaroff S, Tomky D, Youssef G; 2012 Standards Revision Task Force. National standards for diabetes self-management education and support. Diabetes Care. 2014 Jan;37 Suppl 1:S144-53. doi: 10.2337/dc14-S144. — View Citation

Hojat M, Gonnella J, Mangione S, Nasca T, Magee M. (2003). Physician empathy in medical education and practice: experience with The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy. Seminars in Integrative Medicine 2003; 1(1): 25-41.

Ingersoll GM, Marrero DG. A modified quality-of-life measure for youths: psychometric properties. Diabetes Educ. 1991 Mar-Apr;17(2):114-8. — View Citation

Marshall LE, Serran G, Cameron C. The Group Satisfaction Scale. Rockwood Psychological Services & Royal Ottawa Health Care Group - STU 2010.

Norris SL, Lau J, Smith SJ, Schmid CH, Engelgau MM. Self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of the effect on glycemic control. Diabetes Care. 2002 Jul;25(7):1159-71. — View Citation

Pennebaker JW. Putting stress into words: health, linguistic, and therapeutic implications. Behav Res Ther. 1993 Jul;31(6):539-48. — View Citation

Rosal MC, Ockene IS, Restrepo A, White MJ, Borg A, Olendzki B, Scavron J, Candib L, Welch G, Reed G. Randomized trial of a literacy-sensitive, culturally tailored diabetes self-management intervention for low-income latinos: latinos en control. Diabetes Care. 2011 Apr;34(4):838-44. doi: 10.2337/dc10-1981. Epub 2011 Mar 4. — View Citation

Trento M, Gamba S, Gentile L, Grassi G, Miselli V, Morone G, Passera P, Tonutti L, Tomalino M, Bondonio P, Cavallo F, Porta M; ROMEO Investigators. Rethink Organization to iMprove Education and Outcomes (ROMEO): a multicenter randomized trial of lifestyle intervention by group care to manage type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2010 Apr;33(4):745-7. doi: 10.2337/dc09-2024. Epub 2010 Jan 26. — View Citation

Trento M, Passera P, Borgo E, Tomalino M, Bajardi M, Cavallo F, Porta M. A 5-year randomized controlled study of learning, problem solving ability, and quality of life modifications in people with type 2 diabetes managed by group care. Diabetes Care. 2004 Mar;27(3):670-5. — View Citation

Trento M, Tomelini M, Basile M, Borgo E, Passera P, Miselli V, Tomalino M, Cavallo F, Porta M. The locus of control in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes managed by individual and group care. Diabet Med. 2008 Jan;25(1):86-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02319.x. — View Citation

Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992 Jun;30(6):473-83. — View Citation

* Note: There are 17 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change from baseline in hemoglobin A1c levels at 6 months	Hemoglobin A1c is measured in mmol/mol units.	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in weight at 6 months	Weight is measured in Kg.	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in fat mass at 6 months	Fat mass is measured in Kg/m2	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in waist circumference at 6 months	Waist circumference is measured in cm	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in self-reported quality of life at 6 months	The Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) is a self-report scale to assess quality of life. This scale comprises 13 items that are grouped in 4 subscales: 1) satisfaction with treatment, 2) impact of treatment, 3) worry about the future effects of diabetes, and 4) worry about social/vocational issues. A total score may be also computed from the sum of the 13 items. Higher scores indicate poorer quality of life, ranging from 13 to 65.	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in self-reported locus of control at 6 months	Locus of control is measured using the Diabetes Specific Locus of Control Scale (DLOC), which is a self-report scale directed to diabetes patients. This scale comprises 13 items that are grouped in 3 subscales: 1) internal locus of control; 2) external locus of control; and 3) powerful other locus of control. Higher scores reflect higher locus of control in each of these dimensions.	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in self-reported empathy at 6 months	Empathy is measured using a questionnaire - Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE-R), which comprises 9 items. Self-reported empathy levels are measured through a total score that is derived from the sum of the 9 items. The total score range from 9 to 63, in which higher scores depict higher empathy levels.	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in self-reported group satisfaction at 6 months	Group satisfaction is measured using a questionnaire - Group Satisfaction Scale (GSS). The GSS assess 2 dimensions: 1) satisfaction with therapist subscale and 2) content/group process subscale. A total score may be also computed from the sum of the 12 items that comprise this scale. The scores range from 12 to 60, in which higher scores reflect higher satisfaction levels.	Up to 6 months
Secondary	Change from baseline in self-reported health	The 36-Item Short Form Survey is used to assess health perception. This scale comprises 36 items that are divided in 8 dimensions: 1) vitality; 2) physical functioning; 3) bodily pain; 4) general health perceptions; 5) physical role functioning; 6) emotional role functioning; 7) social role functioning; and 8) mental health. These subscales are transformed into a scale range from 0-100, in which lower scores indicate worse health perception.	Up to 6 months