Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Clinical Trial
Official title:
Nonspecific Low Back Pain in Association With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Descriptive Observational Cross-Sectional Study
Introduction. Nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) is a very prevalent medical condition,
especially in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The diaphragm is a respiratory muscle, but it takes part in trunk stabilization on lumbar
spine. NSLBP is related to lack of spinal control. The COPD symptoms include lack of
efficiency in diaphragm, which could be connected to NSLBP.
Hypothesis and objectives. COPD can contribute to NSLBP. It is associated with diaphragm
weakness, severity of respiratory function, lower level of physical activity and quality of
life in COPD.
Methods. A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted with two groups: the
first one with subjects with COPD and the second one with subjects without it. Data were
collected on: pulmonary function; respiratory muscles strength; trunk postural control;
quality of life with COPD; physical activity level; lumbar pain presence, intensity and
disability. Data were collected in a single session.
Introduction/Background. Nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) is a very prevalent medical
condition (84% of the general population has suffered from it throughout its lifetime). Its
prevalence stands out in individuals with respiratory disease, especially in subjects with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Even if there are many theories that create a relationship between the two clinical
conditions (such as inflammation associated with smoking), the postural control one is quite
impressive.
The diaphragm is the main muscle of breathing with its inspiratory function, but it takes
part in trunk stabilization on lumbar spine. NSLBP is related to lack of spinal control. The
COPD symptoms include lack of efficiency in diaphragm (deformation, weakness and
fatigability), which could be connected to NSLBP.
Hypothesis and objectives. The starting hypothesis is that NSLBP is a result of an associated
pulmonary disease. COPD can contribute, correlate or even predispose them. NSLBP is
associated with diaphragm weakness, severity of respiratory function, COPD severity, lower
level of physical activity and quality of life in COPD.
Methods. A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted with two groups: the
first one with 67 subjects, diagnosed with COPD, and the second one with 67 subjects without
pulmonary disease. Data were collected on: pulmonary function, spirometry; respiratory
muscles strength by measuring maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP); trunk
postural control by motor control tests (KLAT, ASLR); quality of life with COPD, through the
COPD Assessment Test (CAT); physical activity level, using the Modified Baecke Physical
Activity Questionnaire (MBPAQ); pain localization, through a body map; pain intensity, using
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and disability, related to lumbar pain (if there is one), using
the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
The first group, with subjects diagnosed with COPD, was recruited in the hospital context,
while the second one, with subjects without lung disease, was recruited in and out of the
hospital context. Data were collected in a single session through tests for pulmonary
function, respiratory muscle strength and trunk postural control. They were also collected
using scales and questionnaires that measure the quality of life, physical activity level,
pain and disability.
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