Differentiating the Effects of Substance P and Beta-endorphin

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Clinical Trial

Official title: Differentiating the Effects of Substance P and Beta-endorphin in the Perception of Breathlessness During Resistive Load Breathing in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Status Completed

Clinical Trial Summary

In previous studies we demonstrated that endogenous opioids (inhibitory neuropeptides) modulate the perception of breathing difficulty in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, we found that antagonism of substance P (an excitatory neuropeptide) with aprepitant did not affect the perception of breathing difficulty. However, after administration of aprepitant, blood levels of both substance P(+ 54 ± 39%) and beta-endorphin (+ 27 ± 17%) increased significantly. As these blood levels reflect cellular/tissue activity, we postulated that the concomitant release of excitatory (substance P) and inhibitory (beta-endorphin) neuropeptides had opposing effects (counterbalanced each other) on the perception of breathing difficulty.

The objective of the present study is to further examine the possible role of substance P on the perception of breathlessness. We propose to administer oral aprepitant and oral placebo in a randomized clinical trial in patients with COPD. However, four hours after patients take these medications, intravenous naloxone will be administered in order to block the effects of endogenous opioids (beta-endorphin) on opioid receptors. Five minutes later, patients will breathe thru a tube with fine wire mesh to provoke breathing difficulty, and then provide ratings of the intensity and unpleasantness of breathlessness every minute.

The two competing hypothesis of the study are:

1. if breathlessness ratings with aprepitant/naloxone = placebo/naloxone, then substance P has no effect on perception of breathing difficulty;

2. if breathlessness ratings with aprepitant/naloxone ≠ placebo/naloxone, then substance P has an effect on perception of breathing difficulty.

Clinical Trial Description

This study is a randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing the acute effects of oral aprepitant (selective antagonist of substance P receptor) vs. placebo on ratings of breathlessness during resistive load breathing in patients with COPD. Four hours after randomization, all patients will receive intravenous naloxone (antagonist of opioid receptors) to block the effects of endogenous opioids on perception of breathlessness. The two competing hypothesis of the study are:

Breathing difficulty will be induced by the patient breathing thru a tube with fine wire mesh for approximately 10 - 20 minutes in the laboratory.

Approximately 20 patients with COPD will be recruited from the out-patient clinic at the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center. The population will consist of female or male adults at least 50 years of age, at least 10 pack-year history of smoking, and a diagnosis of COPD associated with chronic bronchitis based on standard criteria. ;

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
• Lung Diseases
• Lung Diseases, Obstructive
• Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

• NCT number: NCT01854177
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: July 2013
• Completion date: November 2013