View clinical trials related to Congenital Abnormalities.
Filter by:Orthognathic surgery is commonly performed for the treatment of dentofacial deformities. Yet, one of the most prevalent and long-term complication encountered is neurosensory disturbance thus impairing sensation to parts of the face. In Hong Kong, it has been reported that in patients receiving orthognathic surgery, 5.9% experience long-term neurosensory disturbance post-surgery. Melatonin is a neurohormone that is produced and secreted by the pineal gland in the brain. Its main physiological role in humans is to regulate sleep. Oral Melatonin supplements is also used in the management of jetlag and other sleep disorders. Recently, animal and human studies have shown Melatonin to improve tolerance to pain and to have a neuroprotective and neuroregenerative effect after nerve injuries. Hence, it is hypothesized that peri-surgical oral Melatonin supplement can improve neurosensory recovery after orthognathic surgery
Capillary malformations (port-wine stains) consist of abnormally developed capillary blood vessels in the skin. To date, laser therapy is the only widely accepted treatment modality for capillary malformations, but this therapy has a suboptimal effect in approximately 50-60% of patients. Intralesional bleomycin injections (sclerotherapy) are a common effective treatment option for vascular malformations with blood vessels with larger diameters. However, bleomycin cannot be injected adequately in the small sized vessels of capillary malformations. The use of an electric field over the tissue (electroporation) may solve this problem: it increases cell membrane permeability and therefore promotes localized delivery of drugs, within (endothelial) cells. Electroporation in combination with bleomycin sclerotherapy ('electrosclerotherapy') may therefore offer new therapeutic options for capillary malformations. This proof of principle study aims to explore the effectiveness, safety and feasibility of this potential treatment option in a within-patient-controlled pilot study.
The time-frame and the follow-up elements after embolization of brain arteriovenous malformations are not standardized. Therefore, few reliable follow-up data are available for these patients. This study aims at collecting standardized long term data for these patients.
This trial will test whether temporary fetoscopic endoluminal tracheal occlusion (FETO) rather than expectant management during pregnancy, followed by standardized postnatal management, increases survival at discharge and decreases oxygen need at 6 months in case of survival till discharge.
Microsurgical resection for eloquent arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remains challenging. Currently, there are only two grading systems concerning pretreatment assessment of brain AVMs: the Spetzler-Martin grading system proposed by Spetzler and Martin in 1986 and the supplementary grading system proposed by Lawton in 2010. Controversies exist regarding the treatment timing and treatment modalities for eloquent AVMs. Till now, there is no clinical trial concerning the efficacy of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging techniques in assessing the surgical risk for eloquent AVMs. The investigators assume that multimodal imaging-based grading system is superior to the classic Spetzler-Martin grading system and the supplementary grading system in predicting the surgical risk for eloquent AVMs.
A recent publication (Boulay et al. 2012) highlighted the role of the peroneus longus (PL) muscle in equinus foot deformity in children with hemiplegia. BoNT (Dysport) injections into this muscle have not yet been described in the literature. Based on the results of a previous study, the hypothesis is: this muscle may thus constitute a new therapeutic target for botulinum toxin injections in the early management of spastic equinus in children aged 2 years or older, before the onset of fixed neuro-orthopedic deformity and the midfoot break. The aim of this retrospective study is to describe in intramuscular BoNT (Dysport) injections into PL based on the results obtained in a cohort of children (approximately 30 subjects) with cerebral palsy (hemiplegia or diplegia) and which have been treated in the service since 2007 until July 2012. The investigators results are based on clinical, radiological and video evaluations. For this study, data will be collected in medical folder of each children belonging to this cohort. All children (approximately 30 subjects) with cerebral palsy (hemiplegia or diplegia) which have been treated by BoNT (Dysport) intramuscular injections into PL in the service between 2007 and July 2012 will be screened. Subjects will be selected according to the following defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be collected retrospectively (using a specific case report form designed for the study) in medical folder of each included subject for all visit of follow-up after BoNT (Dysport) injection into PL (since the first BoNT (Dysport) injection up to 2012). Then, data will be entered in a database. After that, they will be analysed .
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes and non-diabetic glucose metabolism anomalies (glucose intolerance, non-diabetic fasting hyperglycaemia in patients about to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In addition, the effect of these anomalies on post CABG morbi/mortality in the short term will be evaluated.
The Fontan Education Study is a cluster randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of a novel education program in combination with usual care, versus usual care alone, on preparing parents of children undergoing Fontan surgery for the challenges of the postoperative course.
The corpus callosum agenesis is an interesting malformation between 0.05% and 1.5% of the general population. This malformation is mostly diagnosed prenatally by ultrasound, usually at 22 weeks of gestation, and the use of prenatal advice is routinely offered to the couple. Several studies in recent years have helped to define the determinants of prognosis for the unborn child suffers from agenesis of the corpus callosum, whether total or partial. These, mainly retrospective, demonstrated that the isolated nature of the deformity (defined as no other brain malformations and brain extra, absence of abnormal karyotype, maternal poisoning or viral seroconversion when pregnancy) is associated with favorable developments in terms of psychomotor development in 80% of cases Similar results were also found in prospective studies, while the associated nature of the defect seems most heavily encumber the prognosis as other malformation or syndrome associated with agenesis of the corpus callosum Although these recent data have already significantly influence prenatal counseling and outcome of pregnancy, questions about the future of the child carrying a prenatal diagnosis of agenesis of the corpus callosum are still valid.
This research will lead to the first evaluation of intrinsic and dynamic joint and muscle mechanics of equinus in cerebral palsy. It would provide a direct cause and effect relationship between equinus and bone deformity. Mechanical insights to the pathophysiology of the targeted muscles will lead to better understanding and, thus, to a better medical and surgical management of equinus deformity. Secondary aim will provide an important insight whether key gait parameters can be exclusively relied upon for surgical treatment planning and evaluation. In a medium-term perspective, depending upon the results of this study, dynamic MRI of the ankle joint may serve as a guiding tool for fixed equinus surgery in case of cerebral palsy.